Sphene, also known as titanite, is a calcium titanium silicate mineral with the chemical formula CaTiSiO5. It’s prized for its stunning fire (dispersion)—even higher than diamond—and its birefringence, which gives it a unique brilliance and sparkle.

Quick Facts:

• Color: Typically yellow, green, brown, or reddish; can also be colorless

• Hardness: 5–5.5 on the Mohs scale (so it’s relatively soft)

• Luster: Adamantine to resinous

• Crystal system: Monoclinic

• Common localities: Madagascar, Pakistan, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Austria

Why it’s special:

Sphene is a favorite among collectors and gem enthusiasts because of its vibrant fire and unique look, but it’s not often used in mainstream jewelry due to its softness. When faceted well, it can look dazzling, especially in good lighting.