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Tourmaline is a group of minerals that come in a wide range of colors and have many interesting properties:

• Color

  Tourmaline can be found in almost every color of the rainbow, including black, brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, and pink. Some tourmalines are bi- or tri-colored, and others can be neon green or electric blue.

• Composition

  Tourmaline is a crystalline silicate mineral that contains boron and other elements like aluminum, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. The different colors of tourmaline are caused by trace amounts of these elements. For example, black tourmaline, also known as schorl, is rich in iron, while dravite, or brown tourmaline, is rich in magnesium.

• Hardness

  Tourmaline has a hardness of 7.5 on the Mohs scale, which makes it hard enough to be used as a gemstone.

• Pyroelectricity

  Tourmaline is pyroelectric, meaning it becomes electrically charged when heated or squeezed.

• Chatoyancy

  Some tourmalines exhibit a cat's-eye effect called chatoyancy, which is caused by thin, tube-like inclusions that form during the gem's growth.

• Birthstone

  Tourmaline is the birthstone for October.

• Wedding anniversary

  Tourmaline is the gem for the eighth wedding anniversary.

• Meaning

  Tourmaline is said to be the gem of love and friendship, and is said to make relationships firm and long-lasting.

• Origin

  Tourmaline can be found all over the world, including Brazil, Africa, Afghanistan, the U.S., Mozambique, Zambia, Namibia, Madagascar, and Nigeria.