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Amethyst is a purple variety of quartz that's valued as a semi-precious gem:

Color

Amethyst can range in color from light lilac to deep royal purple, and can also be brownish. It can be transparent, translucent, or opaque, and often features color zoning, which are areas of darker and lighter color.

Composition

Amethyst contains more iron oxide than other varieties of quartz, and experts believe this is what gives it its purple color.

Formation

Amethyst forms when cavities in volcanic lava are filled with a silica-rich liquid that contains iron. Over time, the liquid crystallizes into amethyst.

Origin

Amethyst can be found in Brazil, Uruguay, Ontario, and North Carolina.

Uses

Amethyst is often used as a center stone in jewelry. It's also sometimes used in healing practices, where it's believed to have natural energies that can promote balance, calm, and clarity.