Dɛn Ne Mineraloid? Minerals vs. Mineraloids & Nhwɛso ahorow

Minereroid yɛ abɔdeɛ mu ade a ɛne minerals di nsɛ nanso ɛnni aban, asase ho ahwehwɛdeɛ biara a ɛne sɛ ɛbɛyɛ mineral ho dwuma. Mineraloids taa yɛ nneɛma a nkwa wom na nea ɛda nsow no, enni ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe, nanso wɔtaa de di dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo.

Nnipa dodow no ara nim aboɔden abo sɛ ademude a ɛyɛ fɛ, mpɛn pii no kɔla ahorow na ɛhyerɛn, nanso dɛn ne aboɔden abo? Nkyerɛase ahorow gu ahorow, nanso mmeae pii ka aboɔden abo ho asɛm sɛ aboɔden abo a wɔde siesie wɔn ho, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔka aboɔden abo a wɔmfa nnuru nni dwuma wom ho asɛm .

Dɛn nti na nsonsonoe a ɛda mineral ne mineraloids ntam a wubehu no ho hia? Sɛ woresua aboɔden abo ho adesua a, nim a wubehu nneɛma ahorow no boa ma wohu. Wɔ wɔn a wɔpɛ aboɔden abo a wɔnyɛ hwee fam no, saa nimdeɛ yi betumi aboa wo ma woatɔ nneɛma nyansam, de ayɛ aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ no yiye , na woahu abakɔsɛm a ɛyɛ anigye a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo a w’ani gye ho akyi.

Saa akwankyerɛ yi bɛkyerɛ wo biribiara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa mineraloids vs. minerals ho ne aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ mineraloids ankasa.

Nea edi kan no, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛde nimdeɛ bi a egyina so si hɔ wɔ aboɔden abo ho.

Dɛn Ne Aboɔden abo?

Wɔde nnuru a ɛwɔ mu ne sɛnea ɛwɔ mu no na ɛkyekyɛ aboɔden abo biara mu kɛse. Ebinom betumi anya nneɛma koro nanso ɛsono emu nhyehyɛe, na ɛma wɔyɛ aboɔden abo ahorow. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔde carbon atom a wɔahyehyɛ no soronko na ɛyɛ diamond ne graphite nyinaa.

Wɔ asase ho adesua mu no, aboɔden abo nkyerɛase no wɔ afã anum, anaasɛ ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛsɛ sɛ wodi ho dwuma:

1. Wɔhyehyɛɛ no ​​wɔ abɔde mu (ɛnyɛ nea onipa na ɔyɛe) .

2. Ade a ɛyɛ den (ɛnyɛ nsu anaa mframa) .

3. Inorganic (ɛnyɛ nea abɔde a nkwa wom na ɛyɛe anaasɛ wɔmfa nyɛ) .

4. Atom nsusuwii ahorow a wɔahyehyɛ, a wɔtaa yɛ no nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ (sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a: ahwehwɛ) .

5. Nnuru a ɛwɔ mu pɔtee (ɛnyɛ akontaabu a ɛfa nneɛma a wɔde ka ho) .

Ebia abien a etwa to no bɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ basaa kakra. Momma yɛnyɛ nyansahu adesua a ɛyɛ ntɛm mfa nkyerɛkyerɛ mu.

Sɛ yɛkyekyɛ mu kɔ mfitiaseɛ a, yɛde element baako anaa nea ɛboro saa na ɛfiri aseɛ, te sɛ silicon anaa oxygen sɛ nhwɛsoɔ. Sɛ nneɛma ahorow nam nnuru bi so bom a, yenya nneɛma (anaa nneɛma) te sɛ silicon dioxide.

Wɔ aboɔden abo mu no, nneɛma no bom yɛ nhyehyɛe koro, a wɔahyehyɛ no nnidiso nnidiso bere biara a saa aboɔden abo no bɛba no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, quartz mineral biara wɔ nhyehyɛe koro a silicon ne oxygen (silica) wɔ mu.

Nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wowiawia wɔn ho ba bere a wɔreyɛ no betumi ama wɔanya aboɔden abo koro no ara a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow. Wɔ quartz fam no, nneɛma a wɔde ka ho te sɛ dade ne aluminium betumi ama wɔanya citrine anaa amethyst .

Wubetumi ayɛ nneɛma a wɔde ka ho te sɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ dɛ foforo a wɔde ka keeki ho ho mfonini wɔ w’adwenem. Keeki wɔ nneɛma atitiriw a ɛho hia na ama apue yiye, te sɛ nnuru a ɛwɔ mineral bi mu no dodow bi a wɔahyɛ ato hɔ. Nneɛma a wɔde ka ho te sɛ nnuaba, nnuaba, anaa chocolate ne nea wɔde ka mineral bi ho no yɛ pɛ.

Ɛda adi sɛ nkyerɛase ne nsɛmfua pii wɔ hɔ a ɛfa aboɔden abo ho, nanso ɛhe na nsɛmfua yi nyinaa fi?

Hena na Osi Aboɔden abo Nsɛmfua Ho Gyinae?

Nsɛmfua a aban de di dwuma wɔ aboɔden abo ho no fi Amanaman Ntam Aboɔdenfo Fekuw (IMA) hɔ. Wɔhyehyɛɛ IMA no wɔ afe 1958 mu ne fã bi sɛ wɔde bɛbɔ din ne nkyerɛaseɛ a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, a ɛkɔ so daa ama aboɔden aboɔ.

Wɔde IMA no sii hɔ wɔ 1958 mu, na ɛyɛ nnɛyi de koraa, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wofii ase wɔ aboɔden abo ho adesua ase akyi mfe 30. Ahyehyɛde no gye aboɔden abo foforo tom afe biara, na wɔapene aboɔden abo a ne nyinaa yɛ 5,780 so de besi January 2022 .

Seesei a wunim nea mineral bi hwehwɛ no, dɛn ne mineraloid wɔ nkyerɛase a ɛnyɛ den mu?

Nsonsonoe Bɛn na Ɛwɔ Mineral ne Mineraloid Ntam?

Mineraloids te sɛ mineral, nanso enni mineral ahwehwɛde biara ho dwuma. Sɛnea ɛte no, mineraloids betumi ayɛ soronko kakra sen minerals.

Nanso, mineraloids nyinaa (gye ahwehwɛ) yɛ amorphous, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ enni ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe. Bio nso, mineraloid dodow no ara ba wɔ tebea horow a ɛte saa ara mu: nhyɛso a ɛba fam, ɔhyew a ɛba fam, na ɛbɛn Asase ani.

Nsonsonoe a ɛda minerals ne mineraloids ntam no yɛ anifere ma minerals binom, nanso — a ɛne, biogenic minerals .

Biribi yɛ “biogenic” bere a wɔde abɔde bi (te sɛ afifide anaa mmoa) anaasɛ abɔde bi na ɛyɛe no. Biogenic minerals te sɛ minerals afoforo nanso abɔde a nkwa wom na wɔyɛ.

Aboɔden abo pii yɛ silicates a ɛba abotan mu, nanso abɔde bi te sɛ atɛkyɛ ne ɛpo mu sponge yɛ silica anaasɛ wɔde ka wɔn nhyehyɛe ho. Silicate a efi mu ba no yɛ biogenic mineral.

Na abotan nso ɛ? Abotan nso nyɛ aboɔden abo, na mmom ɛyɛ aboɔden abo pii a wɔaka abom ne/anaasɛ mineraloids a wɔde yɛ nneɛma. Nea ɛka ho no, abotan betumi ayɛ aboɔden abo, nso! Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne ɔsebɔ aniwa ne lapis lazuli . Ebia wubehu sɛ aboɔden abo afrafra wɔ ɔbotan bi mu nyinaa, ayɛ “matrix” aboɔden abo, anaasɛ ahyɛ ɔbotan bi mu tokuru no ma (sɛ nhwɛso no, geodes).

Sɛnea wubetumi ahu no, cross-over kakra wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ so. Afei, yɛbɛma nneɛma ayɛ nhyehyɛe kakra denam mineraloid ahorow a ɛwɔ hɔ nyinaa a yɛbɛkɔ so no so.

Mfonini: tete Romafo ahwehwɛ

Mineraloids Ahorow Ahorow

Aban nkyekyɛmu biara nni hɔ a ɛfa mineraloids ho, nanso dodow no ara hyɛ akuw anan no mu biako ase:

• Glass : Ade a ɛyɛ den, a ɛnyɛ abɔde a nkwa wom a atom nhyehyɛe a ɛnyɛ nhyehyɛe na enni ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe (mpɛn pii no efi onwini a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm dodo) .

• Animal-Based : Ɛyɛ aboa bi afã horow (akorade, nnompe, ntini, ne nea ɛkeka ho) .

• Afifide a Egyina So: Wɔde nsu a efi nsu mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, dua mu nsu) anaa afifide bi afã horow, a mpɛn pii no ahwe ase na ɛyɛ

• Nsu : Nsu a ɛwɔ nneɛma pɔtee bi a ebetumi ayɛ ahwehwɛ ayɛ aboɔden abo wɔ ɔhyew bi mu

Wobetumi de akuw a egyina mmoa so ne nea egyina afifide so no abom ayɛ no “abɔde a nkwa wom” a ɛtrɛw no. Nsuo a ɛwɔ mu no sua, na ɛkata nneɛma mmienu pɛ so.

Nanso, yɛn akuw a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no nka mineraloid biara ho asɛm. Sɛ nhwɛso no, opal nyɛ abɔde mu nneɛma, nsu, anaa ahwehwɛ, enti dɛn nti na opal yɛ mineraloid? Enni ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe na ɛwɔ “n” wɔ ne nnuruyɛ mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ne nneɛma no fã bi (nsu dodow) gu ahorow fi opal biako so kɔ foforo so.

Ɔfa biara nso betumi anya subtypes ahorow. Glass betumi ayɛ ogya bepɔw mu ahwehwɛ anaasɛ impact glass (a efi meteorite a ɛbɔ mu na ɛyɛe), sɛ yɛbɛbobɔ awarefo bi din a. Ebia aboa no na ɔbɔ mineraloids a egyina mmoa so (sɛ nhwɛso no, nhwene) anaasɛ efi wɔn nkae (sɛ nhwɛso no ammolite) mu.

Mineraloids ho nhwɛso ahorow

Wɔ aseɛ ha yi, yɛbɛkɔ mineraloid biara so, a mineraloid kuw a ɛhyɛ mu (sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ a) ka ho.

• Amber : Afifide a egyina so; Afifide a wɔatutu fam ayɛ a efi tete pine nnua mu a ɛyɛ den ma ɛbɛyɛ plastic a ɛyɛ hann, abɔde mu, a mpɛn pii no nkoekoemmoa anaa afifide wɔ mu.

• Ammolite : Mmoa a wɔde yɛ nneɛma; Mollusk ammonite a ayera no abon a ɛyɛ hyew, a ɛyɛ nnompe, a calcium carbonate ne aboɔden abo kakraa bi na ɛwom.

• Coral (Coral a Ɛsom Bo) : Mmoa a wɔde yɛ adwuma; Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ kɔla a ɛhyerɛn, ɛyɛ nkorabata, nnompe a ɛwɔ akyi a akorade a wɔfrɛ no polyps hwie gu na ɛyɛ calcium carbonate.

• Jet : Afifide a egyina so; Fango ko a ɛba bere a wɔasie nnua a ɛreporɔw na wɔayɛ no fossilized wɔ ɔhyew ne nhyɛso a emu yɛ den mu. Ɛnde, so fango yɛ mineraloid? Yep!

• Libya Anhweatam so Ahwehwɛ : Ahwehwɛ; Impact glass a ɛba wɔ mmeae a anhwea wɔ bere a ɔhyew ne nhyɛso a ano yɛ den a ɛwɔ meteorite impact mu no ma asase ne abotan a atwa ho ahyia no nwene ma ɛbɛyɛ nsu, na ɛyɛ nwini ntɛmntɛm dodo sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ahwehwɛ no.

• Mercury : Nsuo a ɛyɛ nsuo; mineralogists binom kyekyɛɛ mu sɛ mineraloid esiane ne nnuru a ɛyɛ pintinn ne tumi a ɛtumi yɛ crystallize ma ɛbɛyɛ mineral wɔ -38.8°C nti.

• Obsidian : Ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma; Ogya bepɔw mu ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ tumm a ɛba bere a ogyaframa a ɛsen no dwo ntɛmntɛm dodo sɛ ahwehwɛ betumi ayɛ; Wɔfrɛ no “apache nusu” bere a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa na ɛte sɛ abotan no.

• Opal : Silica gel a ɛnyɛ nsɛso, ɛyɛ den, a nsu wom a nsu dodow gu ahorow.

• Pearl : Nea egyina mmoa so; Crystalline, organic mineraloid a calcium carbonate (nacre) a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɛyɛ na mollusk binom na ɛyɛ bere a nneɛma a ɛhyɛ abufuw kɔ ne abon mu no.

• Pumice : Ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma; Ogya bepɔw mu ahwehwɛ a emu yɛ hare, ɛwɔ abon a ɛba bere a ogyaframa pae na ɔhyew ne nhyɛso a ɛso tew ntɛmntɛm no ma ahurututu a ɛyɛ nwini wɔ baabi bere a ɛyɛ den no.

• Tektite : Ahwehwɛ a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma; Impact glass mineraloids kuw (a moldavite ka ho) a ɛbae bere a meteorite impact explosion ma nneɛma no yew ntɛmntɛm, tu kɔ wim, afei ɛsan hwe ase wɔ Asase so, na ɛyɛ nwini ntɛmntɛm dodo ma ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ.

• Tuff : Ogya bepɔw mu nsõ a ɛyɛ Rhyolitic a wɔaboaboa ano esiane nhyɛso nti, na ahwehwɛ asinasin ne aboɔden abo ahwehwɛ afoforo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wom.

• Nsuo : Te sɛ mercury, nsuo a aboɔden aboɔ ho animdefoɔ binom buu no sɛ ɛyɛ mineraloid ɛnam ne nnuru a ɛyɛ pintinn ne tumi a ɛtumi yɛ ahwehwɛ ma ɛbɛyɛ aboɔden aboɔ (nsukyenee) wɔ 0°C

Twɛn, so nsukyenee yɛ mineraloid? Dabi, ɛyɛ mineral! Ebia ɛbɛyɛ nwonwa, nanso nsukyenee a ɛba fi awosu mu wɔ n’ankasa mu (ɛnyɛ wo frigye mu) yɛ mfiridwuma mu aboɔden abo!

Fa Mineraloid Aboɔden abo Fa Wo Style Fa fra!

Ɛno nyinaa akyi no, woayɛ krado sɛ wobɛbubu mineraloid vs. mineral quiz, ɛno yɛ nokware! Nea ɛho hia sen saa no, wowɔ nimdeɛ a wode bɛyɛ obi a ɔwɔ ahotoso na onim aboɔden abo tɔ.

Ebia mineraloids nyɛ nea ɛyɛ tẽẽ anaasɛ ɛdɔɔso te sɛ minerals, nanso ɛno mma ɛnyɛ fɛ te sɛ aboɔden abo. Nea ɛka ho no, mineraloids pii betumi ama yɛanya abusuabɔ bi ne Asase abakɔsɛm kɛse na ɛyɛ anigye — ne amansan a ɛboro so!

Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wɔn a wɔrehwehwɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ biako koraa a ɛwɔ asɛm bi a wɔbɛka no bɛdɔ mineraloid aboɔden abo biara.

Wopɛ sɛ wohwehwɛ mineraloid ne mineral ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ a wɔahyehyɛ no mu? Hwehwɛ aboɔden abo a w’ani gye ho nnɛ! .