Dɛn ne Gemstone Birefringence?

Dɛn ne Aboɔden abo Birefringence Yenim sɛ aboɔden abo hyerɛn na ɛhyerɛn, nanso so yenim nea enti a ɛte saa ankasa? Dɛn na ɛma aboɔden abo hyerɛn, na so ɛsono sɛnea wɔyɛ no wɔ aboɔden abo biara ho? Wiɛ, sɛ yesusuw hann a ɛpaapae ho wɔ ɔkwan soronko so a egyina ɔbo no nhyehyɛe so a, ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwehwɛ nyansahu mu adeyɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no birefringence mu na ama yɛabua nsɛmmisa yi.

Ɛnyɛ den sɛ yebetumi ahu sɛnea daimond hyerɛn a akyinnye biara nni ho, nanso abo afoforo ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsono sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ a ɛsono sɛnea ɛma hann. Enti, dɛn na ɛma wɔda nsow?

Birefringence fa akwankyerɛ a hann mu kyekyɛ mu bere a ɛhyɛn ɔboɔden abo mu, ne sɛ ebia hann no bɛbɔ pɛnkoro, anaasɛ mpɛn pii anaasɛ ɛntene.

Kenkan kɔ so bere a yɛrekyekyɛ nkyerɛase a ɛfa aboɔden abo birefringence ho, aboɔden abo a ɛda birefringence adi, birefringence no su ne sɛnea wobu aboɔden abo birefringence ho akontaa. Nanso nea edi kan no, yɛrentumi nni saa nsɛm yi mu biara ho dwuma a yennni kan nkyerɛkyerɛ nea birefringence yɛ mu, ɛnte saa?

Dɛn ne Gemstone Birefringence?

Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛabua asɛmmisa yi yiye no, yɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ nsɛmfua a ɛbata birefringence nhyehyɛe no ho:

Refraction: Sɛ hann fa ade anaa ade bi a ɛda adi mu kɔ foforo mu, te sɛ mframa mu kɔ aboɔden abo mu a, ɛkotow, anaa ɛsakra kwan.
Double Refraction: Hann hyɛn ade a ɛyɛ oblique te sɛ aboɔden abo mu na ɛpaapae kɔ akwan horow abien (ɛtɔ mmere bi a abiɛsa).
Birefringence: Afei yebetumi akyerɛkyerɛ birefringence a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a ɛbɔ mmɔho abien a wɔsusuw no mu. Sɛ hann dan kɔ akwan abien so, anaasɛ ɛdannan mmɔho abien a, ɛnyɛ sɛ yɛde birefringence di dwuma de susuw nko, na mmom yehu aboɔden abo nso.

Ɔkwan Bɛn so na Aboa Ho Adesuafo Sua Refractive Index na Dɛn Nti na?

Sɛ hann hyɛn aboɔden abo mu a, ɛbrɛ ase, ɛkotow na ɛpaapae. Eyi yɛ su a ɛsɛ sɛ aboɔden abo ho animdefo susuw ho wɔ wɔn akontaabu mu bere a wɔreyɛ aboɔden abo bi a ɛbɔ ho adwuma no.
Dɛn ne Aboɔden abo Birefringence

Ɔkwan Bɛn so na Aboɔden Abo Ho Nimdefo Sua Refractive index (RI)?

Adeyɛ no hwehwɛ sɛ wosusuw hann ahoɔhare a ɛwɔ vacuum mu na wɔkyekyɛ saa susuw no mu denam ahoɔhare a hann fa ɔbo a ɛsom bo mu no so. Dɛn nti na fa afiri a ɛma hann mu susuw hann ahoɔhare? Susuw ho sɛ hann ahoɔhare a ɛwɔ vacuum mu no bɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm bere nyinaa sen sɛ ɛbɛfa aboɔden abo mu, enti aboɔden abo RI bɛyɛ 1 anaa nea ɛboro saa bere nyinaa. Sɛ mfiridwumayɛfo no de refractometer di dwuma a, obetumi asusuw aboɔden abo no RI pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn nti na Refractive Index ho hia?

RI ho hia efisɛ awiei koraa no, ɛka aboɔden abo a wɔde reyɛ adwuma no kyerɛ aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo no. Aboɔden abo ɔhaha pii wɔ wiase, na RI a wɔsusuw no yɛ ɔkwan a etu mpɔn a wɔfa so hu aboɔden abo pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɛyɛ adwuma yiye.

Ɔkwan Bɛn so na Refractive Index ne Birefringence Fa Di Dwuma?

Esiane sɛ aboɔden abo ɔhaha pii wɔ wiase nti, sɛ wunim aboɔden abo bi RI a, ɛkyerɛ ɔbo no, na ɛsan nso tew abo kuw bi a ɛda birefringence adi no so. Ɛte saa efisɛ abo bi wɔ RI biako pɛ na ɛnsɛe mmɔho abien. Sɛ ɔbo bi ntumi nsɛe mmɔho abien a, sen sɛ enni birefringence.

Refractive index boa aboɔden abo ho animdefo ma wɔkyekyɛ aboɔden abo mu denam refraction so. Seesei a yenim sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbo bi refract mmɔho abien na ama wɔada birefringence adi no, abo bɛn na yɛreka ho asɛm?

Aboɔden abo bɛn na ɛwɔ Birefringence?

Ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wobɛfa so ama aboɔden abo a ɛda birefringence adi no ayɛ mmerɛw ne sɛ wobɛhwɛ aboɔden abo no nhyehyɛe. Sɛ aboɔden abo no wɔ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe, a wobu no sɛ ɛyɛ isometric na ne nsusuwii te sɛ kuruwa a, ɛnde ɔdan no agyan no nyinaa tenten yɛ pɛ na sɛnea ɛte no, abo a ɛwɔ saa nhyehyɛe yi no kura RI biako pɛ. Ɔbo a ɛyɛ isometric a ɛwɔ RI biako ho nhwɛso titiriw ne diamond. Kae sɛ sɛ ɔbo bi wɔ RI biako pɛ a, enni refraction mmɔho abien na ɛnam saa kwan yi so no, enni birefringence.
Dɛn ne Aboɔden abo Birefringence

Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe foforo biara no rekɔyɛ nea ɛbɔ mmɔho abien. Saa aboɔden abo yi bɛnya refractive indices 2-3 a wɔkyerɛkyerɛ mu denam ɔkwan a hann fa so kɔ mu na ɛfa mu no so.

Aboɔden aboɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ birefringence ho nhwɛsoɔ bi ne Zoisite, Calcite, Emerald, Tanzanite, Ruby, Sapphire ne Topaz.

Dɛn ne Birefringence Nsunsuanso a Ɛwɔ Aniwa so?

Aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ birefringent da nneɛma a edidi so yi adi:

Pleochroism - Eyi yɛ kɔla nkɛntɛnso a ɛkyerɛ sɛ kɔla 2-3 na wɔda no adi. Ɛgyina sɛnea wokura ɔbo no, ne anim a wobɛfa so no, pleochroism no bɛsono.
Double Vision - Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛyɛ anigyeɛ a ɛfiri birefringence mu ba wɔ aboɔden aboɔ bi a ɛma anisoadehunu afã bi ba. Sɛ wɔde aboɔden abo no afã, anaasɛ wotwa a, ɛte sɛ nea ɛda mfonini abien adi.
Fuzziness - Birefringence nso betumi ama fuzziness bi ada adi wɔ aboɔden abo so, na ama ayɛ sɛ nea ɛnyɛ nea wɔde wɔn adwene si so.

Sɛnea Wobu Birefringence Ho Akontaabu

Aboɔden abo biara wɔ refractive index a ɛba fam ne nea ɛkorɔn. Gap a ɛda saa metrics abien yi ntam ne baabi a wubehu gem no birefringence. Aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ birefringence a ɛkorɔn nso benya aniwa so nsunsuanso a ɛda adi kɛse.

Nanso, aboɔden abo bi wɔ hɔ a nokwarem no, ɛwɔ gyinapɛn ahorow a egyina hɔ ma wɔn refractive index, na ɛfa agyan a ɛwɔ wɔn nhyehyɛe mu no ho. Sɛ aboɔden abo bi wɔ RI gyinapɛn ahorow pii a, ɛnde wubetumi abu birefringence kwan no ho akontaa denam nsonsonoe a ɛda aboɔden abo no botae nketewa ne nea ɛkorɔn ntam a wobɛhwehwɛ mu no so. Sɛ́ anka ebenya birefringence a ɛyɛ .008, te sɛ sapphire no, ebenya birefringence range a ɛyɛ 0.108-0.110, te sɛ azurite .

Bere a aboɔden abo wɔ hɔ a ɛnsɛe mmɔho abien, te sɛ abohene no, aboɔden abo pii wɔ hɔ a ɛbɔ mmɔho abien, ne aboɔden abo fã kɛse mpo a ɛwɔ ahoɔden a ɛbɔ mmɔho abien.

Nsɛm a Wɔaboaboa Ano Ntɛmntɛm a Ɛfa Birefringence Ho

Ɛno na ɛde yɛn nsusuwii a ɛfa aboɔden abo birefringence ho no bata. So yebuaa wo nsɛmmisa no nyinaa? Bere a ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nsɛm pii no, nokwarem no, gyinapɛn atitiriw kakraa bi pɛ na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde bɛyɛ birefringence. Ase hɔ no yɛ atuo nsɛntitiriw a yɛde bɛbɔ aboɔden abo birefringence mua:

Birefringence ba bere a hann no dannan mmɔho abien bere a ɛhyɛn aboɔden abo mu no, efisɛ hann no mu paapae kɔ akwan horow 2-3 so.

Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔbo bi nya refractive index bɛboro biako na ama wɔakyerɛ birefringence.

Nneɛma a wotumi hu wɔ birefringence mu no bi ne pleochroism, a ɛfa kɔla ahorow pii a ɛda adi wɔ aboɔden abo no afã horow, fuzziness, ne anisoadehu abien ho.