Painite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Painite yɛ aboɔden abo kɔkɔɔ a efi Myanmar a mfiase no wodii mfomso sɛ ɛyɛ ruby. Wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na sen biara wɔ wiase no mu biako, na ɛno ka nea enti a yɛde aka yɛn aboɔden abo 10 a ɛsen biara a yɛakyerɛw ato hɔ wɔ bere nyinaa mu no ho .

Nanso so painite ne aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na sen biara ? Wɔ afe 2005 mu no, painite nyaa Guinness World Record a ɛfa aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na sen biara wɔ wiase no ho wɔ aban kwan so, na na painite aboɔden abo nnu 24 na wonim wɔ afe 2004 mu.

Nanso efi saa bere no, wɔahu asinasin ne ahwehwɛ mpempem pii, nanso nneɛma a wɔde hwɛ anim no da so ara ho yɛ na koraa.

Saa aboɔden abo yi ho yɛ na ne ne fɛ kyerɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔboaboa ano ne wɔn a wɔn ani gye aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu ho nyinaa hwehwɛ. Sɛ w’ankasa woresusuw ho sɛ wobɛhwehwɛ painite bi a wobɛtɔn a, yɛbɛhyɛ wo ma wɔ agyapade, abakɔsɛm, mfaso, ne bo a ɛwɔ ɔbo yi akyi nyinaa ho sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi de ahotoso atɔ.

Painite Stone ho asɛm

Painite ne ruby ​​ne garnet nyinaa di nsɛ, na ɛma ahwehwɛ a wɔntaa nhu yi yɛ July awobo foforo (ruby ɔsram) anaa January awobo (garnet ɔsram).

Bio nso, ebetumi ayɛ ade titiriw foforo a wɔde besi ayeforohyia afahyɛ a ɛto so 40 (ruby) anaa afe a ɛto so 2 (garnet) aboɔden abo a wɔde di dwuma wɔ amanne kwan so no ananmu. Wɔ n’ankasa mu no, painite yɛ nsoromma mu hwɛ bo a wɔde yɛ Pisces ne Aquarius nsɛnkyerɛnne.

Ɛwom sɛ painite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã de , nanso nea ɛntaa nsi no boro aboɔden abo biara a ɛsom bo (kyerɛ sɛ, diamond , sapphire , ruby, anaa emerald) so.

Nanso dɛn nti na painite no ho yɛ na saa? Sɛnea ɔbo no ho yɛ na no fi sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ no. Boron ne zirconium wɔ Painite minerals mu, na wɔntaa nhu no bom. Nokwarem no, aboɔden abo foforo biara nni hɔ a nneɛma abien no nyinaa wom a ɛnyɛ painite.

Painite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu no yɛ calcium zirconium aluminium boron silicate. Ɔbo no aduru a eye sen biara ne CaZrBAl9O18 a hafnium ne titanium kakraa bi wom.

Ɔbo no mu dodow no ara yɛ aluminium oxide (bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 70) ne zirconium oxide (bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 17). Efĩ a ɛtaa ba no bi ne chromium, vanadium, ne dade, na kan abien no na ɛma painite kɔla yɛ kɛse.

Aboɔden abo a ɛte sɛ painite sen biara ne aluminium borate aboɔden abo a ɛntaa nsi a wɔfrɛ no jeremjevite . Borate mineral afoforo a ebia wubehu ne howlite ne londonite.

Mpɛn pii no, painite yɛ ahwehwɛ atenten a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ ahinanan, ɛwom sɛ ebia ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe no bɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛyɛ orthorhombic de.

Sɛnea Wobehu Painite

Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛma paiite ayɛ basaa ama aboɔden abo a wonim no kɛse te sɛ ruby ​​anaa garnet. Nea odii kan huu no ne Britania Tete Nneɛma Akorae mpo adi mfomso aka sɛ painite yɛ abo ahorow, a ɛne ruby, garnet, ne tourmaline a ɛyɛ bruu.

Afei nso, painite a ɛyɛ den ne ne kɔla te sɛ ruby ​​ne garnet (almandine ne spessartite pɔtee) de.

Nanso, painite yɛ birefringent (a ɛwɔ refractive index susuw abien sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ biako) bere a garnets nyɛ saa. Wɔ rubies ho no, wubetumi de refractive index susuw adi dwuma de akyerɛ nsonsonoe; rubies wɔ refractive index a ɛyɛ 1.76-1.77, na ɛba fam sen painite de no.

Sɛ wopɛ painite mineral su nyinaa, a ne refractive index ne birefringence values ​​ka ho a, hwɛ list a ɛwɔ aseɛ ha no:

• Mohs denden : 7.5-8

• Kɔla : Kɔkɔɔ, bruu-kɔkɔɔ, borɔdɔma-kɔkɔɔ

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Ɛyɛ ahinanan; Pseudo-orthorhombic a ɛyɛ atoro

• Luster : Vitreous (ahwehwɛ) .

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma hann yɛ hyew : 1.787-1.816

• Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den : 4.0-4.3

• Cleavage : Obiara nni hɔ a wɔasi gyinae

• Akisikuru : Conchoidal

• Streak : Kɔkɔɔ

• Luminescence : Fluorescence a ɛwɔ hɔ - kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ LW-UV mu, kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ den anaa ahabammono wɔ SW-UV mu

• Pleochroism : Ɛwɔ hɔ & ɛyɛ den wɔ ruby-red kosi pale brownish-orange anaa pale red-orange mu; Ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-biribiri kosi kɔkɔɔ anaa bruu-violet; Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nea enni kɔla kosi borɔdɔma-pink a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (nhwɛsode a ɛyɛ pinkish) .

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.029

Ɛno dɔɔso mineralogy — momma yɛmfa yɛn ho nhyɛ painite sɛnkyerɛnne kwan so na yɛntu kwan wɔ bere mu!

Painite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Ɛwom sɛ painite nkura sɛnkyerɛnnede pii wɔ n’ankasa so de, nanso ne kɔla no kura. Sɛ́ ɔbo kɔkɔɔ no, painite yɛ tumi, akɔnnɔ, ne atirimpɔw ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ Chinafo amammerɛ mu nso yɛ nkonimdi ne anigye ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ebia wubehu apon kɔkɔɔ wɔ mpɔtam hɔ sotɔɔ ahorow so anaasɛ ayeforo a wɔde asiesie wɔn ho, na wɔyɛ abien no nyinaa de twetwe anigye.

Wɔ Feng Shui no, wɔde abo kɔkɔɔ sisi hɔ de kanyan akɔnnɔ na ɛtwetwe yiyedi. Kɔkɔɔ ne yang ahoɔden a ɛyɛ mmarima de a ɛtwe adwene si akyi no di nkitaho.

Nea Edi Kan a Wohui

Painite din hyɛ nea ohuu ɔbo no anuonyam. Britania aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo, aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo, ne aboɔden abo tɔnfo Arthur Charles Davy Pain (anaasɛ Arthur C. D. Pain) na odii kan huu painite wɔ Myanmar (saa bere no na ɛyɛ Burma) wɔ 1950 mfe no mu.

Mfiase no, Pain susuwii sɛ ɛyɛ ruby ​​na ɔde maa Britania Tete Nneɛma Akorae a Ɛhwɛ Abɔde Ho Abakɔsɛm So. Nhwehwɛmu a aboɔden abo ho animdefo a wɔwɔ tete nneɛma akorae hɔ yɛe no daa no adi sɛ na ɛyɛ aboɔden abo foforo koraa.

Pain ne Britaniafo aboɔden abo ho animdefo Oduruyɛfo Max Hey (anaa M. H. Hey) ne Oduruyɛfo Gordon Frank Claringbull (anaa G. F. Claringbull), a wɔyɛɛ adwuma sɛ tete nneɛma akorae no kwankyerɛfo no tintim nea wohui wɔ painite ho no wɔ Mineralogical Magazine mu wɔ 1957 mu.

Ná painite a edi kan yi (a nnipa pii frɛɛ no ​​“painite #1”) yɛ ahwehwɛ a emu duru yɛ gram 1.7 a ɛda so ara te tete nneɛma akorae a ɛwɔ London no mu. Ahwehwɛ (a wɔato din “painite #1b”) a wɔde yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu no fã bi wɔ Pasadena, CA, mprempren wɔ California Mfiridwuma Asoɛe.

Nneɛma a Wohui Akyiri yi

Aboɔden abo ho animdefo yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo na wotintim nneɛma pii a wohui wɔ painite ho wɔ 1976, 1986, ne 1996. Nanso, painite ahwehwɛ abien foforo pɛ na wohuu wɔ 1957 ne 2001 ntam hɔ.

Painite a ɛto so abien a wohuu no, ahwehwɛ a emu duru yɛ gram 2.118, nso wɔ Britania Tete Nneɛma Akorae a Ɛhwɛ Abɔde Ho Abakɔsɛm So. Na wɔrenhu painite a ɛto so abiɛsa, ahwehwɛ a emu duru yɛ gram 0.27, kosii 1979 mu bere a aboɔden abo ho animdefo a wɔwɔ Gemological Institute of America (GIA) huu no wɔ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kuw bi mu no.

Painite ɔbo a ɛto so anan bi puei wɔ Myanmar wɔ afe 2001. Wɔ afe 2002 mu no, painite beae foforo bi bae wɔ Myanmar. Nanso, na painite aboɔden abo a wonim no nnu 24 wɔ afe 2004 mu, na ɛmaa ɔbo no nyaa ne Guinness Wiase Nyinaa Kyerɛwtohɔ wɔ afe 2005 mu.

Akyiri yi wɔ afe 2005 mu no, awiei koraa no, wɔn a wotu fam wɔ Myanmar huu painite foforo bi a ɛho hia. Ɛwom sɛ na wonim painite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã 2 pɛ ansa na afe 2005 reba de, nanso efi saa bere no, wɔayɛ painite aboɔden abo ɔhaha pii a ɛwɔ afã.

Nea ɛyɛ anigye no, Britania Tete Nneɛma Akorae a Ɛhwɛ Abɔde Ho Abakɔsɛm So no hui wɔ afe 2007 mu sɛ ɔbo bi a efi Myanmar a wɔakyerɛw so sɛ tourmaline a ɛyɛ bruu (na wɔde akyerɛ) no yɛ painite ankasa.

Sɛ yɛde anigye ma wɔn a wɔn ani gye aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu ne wɔn a wɔboaboa ano da nkyɛn a, dɛn na painite ye ma? Nokwarem no, ahwehwɛ ayaresa!

Painite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Te sɛ aboɔden abo nyinaa, a wɔntaa nhu ne nea abu so no, painite betumi ayɛ adwuma sɛ ɔbo a ɛsa yare . Te sɛ aboɔden abo kɔkɔɔ afoforo , mfaso a ɛwɔ painite abo so no bi ne anigye, ahoɔden, ne nkannyan a ɛkɔ soro.

Painite ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ ase yɛ bruu no de mfaso horow a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu so , te sɛ nea wɔde fa fam ne nea ɛyɛ den no ba. Bio nso, wɔkyerɛ sɛ painite boa wo ma wugyaw suban anaa nsusuwii ahorow a ɛnsom wo bio.

Dɛn na wɔde painite di dwuma wɔ chakra ayaresa mu? Painite yɛ chakra ɔbo ma chakra ason (ahoɔden mmeae) a ɛwɔ wo nipadua no ho nyinaa. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ sɛ́ anka wode bedi dwuma de asi chakra a wɔabara pɔtee bi so kɛkɛ no, wubetumi de painite adi dwuma de abue chakra ahorow no nyinaa na ayɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, na ɛde kari pɛ kɛse ne ahoɔden a ɛsen wɔ wo nipadua, w’adwene, ne honhom nyinaa mu aba.

Sɛ wodan fi ahwehwɛ ayaresa ahemman no mu san kɔ aboɔden abo ho adesua mu a, wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu bo a painite ankorankoro bi som? Yɛbɛka akyerɛ wo nea edi hɔ!

Painite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Ɛwom sɛ nea ɛntaa nsi ne bo a edi kan de, nanso nneɛma afoforo a ɛma painite bo yɛ den ne ne kɔla, ne twitwa, emu da hɔ, ne ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat.

Ahosuo

Painite yɛ ɔbo kɔkɔɔ, ɛwom sɛ ebia ahwehwɛ a wɔannoa no bɛyɛ sɛ pink esiane rubies a ɛyɛ pink a enyin wɔ ɔbo no so nti. Brown ne orange yɛ nea ebetumi aba sɛ ɛwɔ ase, na orange-brown ne painite kɔla a ɛntaa nsi. Chromium ne vanadium efĩ na ɛde ɔbo no kɔla ba.

Ebia painites bi yɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ tuntum araa ma ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛbɛyɛ tuntum. Painites a eye sen biara no wɔ kɔkɔɔ a emu dɔ anaasɛ garnet-kɔla a ɛyɛ hyew.

Twa

Facetable painite crystals ho yɛ na, na wɔ kakraa bi a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu no, dodow no ara wɔ nneɛma pii a ɛka ho ne nea abubu. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ ɛmfa ho sɛ painite tumi yɛ aboɔden abo kɛse — ahoɔden pa, sparkle, ne kɔla — ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ facet.

Mpɛn pii no, mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wɔbɛfa mmeae a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no ma wɔn a wotwitwa aboɔden abo no twa afã horow a emu nnɔ na ɛnyɛ fɛ pii . Ɛno akyi no, nneɛma a wɔntaa nhu yi da so ara hyɛ dɔla bo a ɛkorɔn sen biara. Painites a ɛwɔ afã horow a ɛwɔ hɔ no bi wɔ cushion, oval, rectangle step, ne square corner cuts.

Ɛda adi pefee

Clarity kyerɛkyerɛ dodow a nneɛma a wotumi hu a wɔde ka aboɔden abo mu ho. Nneɛma a emu da hɔ yiye ho hia kɛse wɔ painites a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a kɔla a ɛhyerɛn a ɛbɛma hann atumi afa mu no mu, efisɛ nneɛma a wɔde ka ho no bɛsakra ɔbo no hwɛbea wɔ aniwa a ɛda hɔ.

Phlogopite ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ ahinanan a ɛwɔ ahinanan no yɛ nea wɔtaa de ka painite ho, ne nea ɛka ho a ɛte sɛ ntakra ne nkratafa a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛwɔ abura nketenkete mu.

Sɛ wowɔ nneɛma pii a wɔde ka ho a, ebetumi ama painite bi a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ nso so atew. Painites a ɛsom bo sen biara no bɛyɛ nea aniwa ho tew, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wonni nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wotumi hu wɔ aniwa a ɛda hɔ.

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Painite ahwehwɛ tumi nyin yɛ akɛse. Painite nhwɛsode a ɛso sen biara a wonim mprempren no yɛ karat 213.52 (gram 42.7), sɛnea Guinness Wiase Kyerɛwtohɔ kyerɛ no, ɛde besi March 2020.

Nhwɛsode foforo a ɛsõ a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wɔbɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ afe 2006 mu no mu duru yɛ karat 3,165 (gram 633) a ɛyɛ nwonwa, ɛwom sɛ ɛwɔ rubies nso wɔ so de.

Ne nyinaa mu no, painite ahwehwɛ dodow no ara yɛ nketenkete ne/anaasɛ asinasin a apaapae.

Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Painite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Painite ba wɔ abotan a ɛsakra a wɔfrɛ no skarn (a wɔfrɛ no tactites) mu, a ɛyɛ abo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mpɛn pii no wɔde aboɔden abo a calcium, dade, magnesium, manganese, aluminium, ne silica wom ahyɛ mu ma.

Mpɛn pii no, wɔn a wotu fam no hu sɛ painite yɛ den wɔ aboɔden abo mu, baabi a aboɔden abo hohoro fi kwae mu na ɛkɔtra asubɔnten mu.

Aboɔden abo afoforo a wohu wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn painite ne phlogopite, spinel , ne corundum (sapphire & ruby). Mpɛn pii no wubehu sɛ painite ayɛ nea ɛbɛn ruby ​​anaasɛ ɛwɔ soro mpo.

Ɛhe na wobetumi ahu painite? Painite fi ɔman biako pɛ mu: Myanmar. Nea wohui mfiase no sii wɔ Ohngaing a ɛwɔ Mogok Bon a ɛwɔ Mandalay Mantam mu no. Efi afe 2002 no, mpɔtam pii aba Myanmar, te sɛ:

• Kyauk-Pyat-Ɛno a ɛwɔ Mogok Kuropɔn mu

• Baw-lon-gyi (Bɔl Kɛse) a ɛwɔ Mogok Kuropɔn mu

• Ye-aye wɔ Mogok Kuropɔn mu

• Namyazeik a ɔwɔ Kachin Mantam mu

Afei, asɛmmisa a ɛyɛ dɔla ɔpepem pii a ɛwɔ obiara adwene mu no: painite bo yɛ ahe?

Painite Bo & Bo a Ɛsom

Ansa na wɔrehu mpɔtam a ɛyɛ nnansa yi ara wɔ Myanmar no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ na ankorankoro nnwumakuw, a ɛne tete nneɛma akorae, aboɔden abo ho nhwehwɛmu adwumayɛbea ahorow a wɔnyɛ adwuma a wɔde hwehwɛ mfaso, ne sukuupɔn ahorow na wɔwɔ painites nyinaa. Awiei koraa no, mpɔtam hɔfo foforo no de painite baa ɔmanfo gua so, ɛwom sɛ na ɛyɛ kakraa bi de gyee dɔla bo a ɛkorɔn de.

Mprempren, painite bo a wɔbɔ wɔ gram biako ho ma aboɔden abo yɛ dɔla 250,000 kosi dɔla 300,000 wɔ gram biako ho. Wɔ wɔn a wɔde carat susuw no fam no, ɛno yɛ dɔla 50,000 kosi dɔla 60,000 wɔ carat biara mu. Nanso, dodow a ɛwɔ hɔ a ɛkɔ soro (ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ nkɔanim ketewaa bi de) kyerɛ sɛ ebia wubehu painites bi a ɛwɔ afã horow bi a ne bo bɛyɛ dɔla 800 kosi 6,000 wɔ carat biara mu.

Painite ahwehwɛ nketenkete a wɔannoa (wɔntwitwaa) no bo yɛ mmerɛw kɛse, mpɛn pii no bɛyɛ $0.60-$15 wɔ carat biara mu sɛ ɛnyɛ aboɔden abo-su a.

Sɛ wode sika a ɛte saa ahyɛ mu a, wobɛpɛ sɛ wuhu sɛnea wobɛhwɛ wo painite aboɔden abo no so.

Painite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Ɛwom sɛ painite mu mpaapaemu nni hɔ na ɛyɛ den kɛse de, nanso sɛnea nneɛma pii a ɛka ho ne nea ɛpaapae wɔ nhwɛsode pii mu no ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ebebubu. Ɛno nti na aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so yiye ho hia no.

Esiane sɛ ɔbo no ho yɛ na na ne bo yɛ den nti, ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea eye ma wo sɛ wode wo painite no bɛkɔ aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo a ɔwɔ adansedi krataa nkyɛn sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ahu sɛnea wo painite pɔtee no yɛ mmerɛw. Ɛwom sɛ painite agude ntaa mma de, nanso yɛkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛbɔ ho ban mma nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ painite mpɛtea.

Sɛ wompɛ sɛ wode bɛkɔ obi a onim ahotew ho a, wubetumi ahohoro painite ho dwoodwoo wɔ fie. Fa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ne samina a ɛnyɛ den afra, afei fa brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde sew sẽ gu aduru no mu. Fa ɔbo no hohoro brɛoo, hohoro samina a aka no, na fa ntama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a microfiber ayɛ no ma ɛyow.

Pining a woreyɛ ama Painite?

Ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔboaboa aboɔden abo ne aboɔden abo ano ansa na woanya ahoɔfɛ ne nea ɛtwetwe adwene a ɛwɔ painite, ɔbo a ebinom frɛ no “aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu no grail kronkron” akyi no ho anisɔ. Sɛ worehwehwɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ biako ankasa a ɛho yɛ na na ɛyɛ soronko te sɛ wo a, ebia painite bɛyɛ nea ɛfata ma wo ara kwa!

Kɔtɔ paiite aboɔden abo nnɛ!

Rare Gemstones