Aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo & a ɛsom bo fã bi a wɔahyehyɛ: Mfonini & Nkyerɛase

Sɛ́ ebia woyɛ obi a wopɛ aboɔden abo anaasɛ obi a wopɛ agude a ɛnyɛ hwee no, ɛda adi sɛ woahu nsɛmfua “a ɛsom bo” ne “ɛsom bo fã” bere a woreka aboɔden abo ahorow ho asɛm no. Nsonsonoe a ɛda aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo ne nea ɛsom bo fã ntam no, wɔyɛ no kɛse, efisɛ ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛda bo a ɛkorɔn anaasɛ ɛho yɛ na adi.

Enti, dɛn ne abo a ɛsom bo fã vs. abo a ɛsom bo? Yɛbɛbua saa nnɛ berɛ a yɛreda nsonsonoeɛ yi mfitiaseɛ adi na yɛabobɔ aboɔden aboɔ biara a ɛsom boɔ na ɛsom boɔ fã no! Edu awiei no, wubesiesie wo ho sɛ wode anifere ne ahotoso bɛtɔ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo anaa nea ɛsom bo fã bi.

Nsonsonoe Bɛn na Ɛda Abo a Ɛsom Bo & Nea Ɛsom Bo Fam Ntam?

Nyansahu mu nsonsonoe biara nni aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo ne nea ɛsom bo fã ntam. Mpɛn pii no, aboɔden abo a “ɛsom bo” som bo kɛse mpo nsen mfɛfo a “ɛsom bo fã bi.” Nanso na ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na ɛte saa.

Abo “a ɛsom bo” ho nsɛm pue wɔ nhoma ahorow a ɛkɔɔ so mfehaha pii a atwam no mu. Nanso abo a “ɛsom bo” ne “a ɛsom bo fã” a wɔbɛtetew mu no yɛ nnɛyi de koraa.

Nsɛm a edi kan a ɛka nsonsonoe a ɛda “ɛsom bo” ne “nea ɛsom bo fã” ho asɛm no mu biako ne Britania agudeyɛfo Edwin W. Streeter akwankyerɛ nhoma a ɔkyerɛwee wɔ 1898 mu a wɔfrɛ no Precious Stones and Gems, Their History, Sources, and Characteristics . Epigraph a ɛwɔ ne Semi-Precious Stones ti asɛmti ase no ka sɛ:

“Ne bo nyɛ den wɔ aguadi mu sen nea wɔaka ho asɛm wɔ nkratafa a edi kan yi mu no, nanso ne nyinaa akyi no, emu pii yɛ fɛ yiye”

Wɔ abakɔsɛm nyinaa mu no, aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow bae. Mpɛn pii no, nea ɛmaa “wɔsom bo” ne tumi a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ abo a ɛsa yare , ne nea ɛho yɛ na anaasɛ sika bo a ɛsom no.

Dɛn Ne Aboɔden abo Anan a Ɛsom Bo no?

Eyi ne abo a ɛsom bo a wobu no sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ pintinn sen biara a wɔahyehyɛ:

• Diamond : Carbon abohene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛho tew wɔ kɔla biara mu

• Ruby : Corundum kɔkɔɔ a ɛda adi pefee

• Sapphire : Corundum a ɛnyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a ɛyɛ bruu wɔ amanne kwan so

• Emerald : Beryl a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi nea ɛyɛ hann

Wɔnhyɛ eyinom sɛnea ne bo te; abo a ɛsom bo a wɔbɛbobɔ din sɛnea ne bo te no bɛyɛ anifere, efisɛ agyapade ahorow a ɛsono wɔ aboɔden abo biara ho no betumi akyerɛ sɛ ɛsono ne bo koraa.

Nanso, yebetumi akyerɛw aboɔden abo biara a ɛsom bo a wɔatɔn pɛn ho nhwɛso ahorow a ne bo yɛ den sen biara:

• Diamond : The Pink Star a ne bo yɛ dɔla ɔpepem 71.2, wɔtɔn wɔ afe 2017 mu (dɔla ɔpepem 1.2 wɔ carat biara mu)

• Ruby : Sunrise Ruby a ne bo yɛ dɔla ɔpepem 30.3, wɔtɔn wɔ afe 2015 mu (dɔla ɔpepem 1.2 wɔ carat biara mu)

• Sapphire : Blue Belle a ɛwɔ Asia a ne bo yɛ dɔla ɔpepem 17.5, wɔtɔn no afe 2004 mu ($44k wɔ carat biara mu)

• Emerald : Rockefeller Emerald a ne bo yɛ dɔla ɔpepem 5.5, wɔtɔn no afe 2017 mu ($305k wɔ carat biara mu)

Ebia wubehu sɛ na Blue Belle safir no bo yɛ den nanso na ne bo sua sen Rockefeller Emerald. Saa ara nso na wɔtɔn Pink Star diamond no bo a ɛkɔ soro nanso na ne bo yɛ mmerɛw wɔ carat biara mu sen Oppenheimer Blue diamond , a wɔtɔn no dɔla ɔpepem 57.5, a ennu dɔla ɔpepem 4 pɛ wɔ carat biara mu.

Sɛnea wubetumi ahu no, bo a ɛsom yɛ anifere! Botae nso yɛ nea ɛfa obi ankasa ho. Aboɔden abo a “ɛsom bo” sen biara no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ akuw ahorow mu anaasɛ ɛsakra bere kɔ so.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Nsu pa mu nhwene

Aboɔden abo Afoforo a Wɔahyehyɛ

Dodow no ara ka sɛ abo anan a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no nkutoo ne aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo ankasa. Nanso, na abo pii ka atetesɛm, dedaw a wɔahyehyɛ no ho.

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Ason

Dɛn ne abo a ɛsom bo ason no?

Nea ɛka mfitiase aboɔden abo anan no ho no, abiɛsa a wɔde aka ho wɔ saa din yi mu ne ahwehwɛ, alexandrite, ne apuei fam cat’s eye (cat’s eye chrysoberyl).

Wɔ tebea afoforo mu, a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ nyamesom ho nsɛm no, ebia wobɛte aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo a wɔahyehyɛ atenten, titiriw dumien anaa akron ho asɛm.

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Dumien

Dumien sɛ dodow no kura honhom fam ntease wɔ ɔsom ahorow ne anansesɛm pii mu. Aboɔden abo dumien a wɔahyehyɛ a wɔtaa ka ho asɛm no fi Yudasom ne Kristosom mu.

Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ aboɔden abo dumien a wɔde asisi Aaron Koko so (Ɔsɔfo Panyin no koko so wɔ Yudasom mu) anaasɛ fapem abo dumien a ɛwɔ Yerusalem Foforo wɔ Kristosom mu (a efi Bible mu nhoma a ɛne Adiyisɛm mu).

Enti, dɛn ne abo a ɛsom bo dumien no?

Wɔgye wɔn a wɔwɔ Aaron Nufu mu no ho akyinnye kakra, nanso mpɛn pii no, nea ɛka ho ne:

1. Carnelian na ɔkyerɛwee

2. Peridot na ɔkyerɛwee

3. Emerald a wɔfrɛ no Emerald

4. Turquoise a ɛyɛ fɛ

5. Safir a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

6. Amethyst a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm

7. Safir a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

8. Agate a wɔfrɛ no Agate

9. Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

10. Beryl na ɔkyerɛwee

11. Lapis Lazuli na ɔkyerɛwee

12. Jasper na ɔkyerɛwee

(Nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ anigye : Abakɔsɛm akyerɛwfo dodow no ara gye di sɛ awo abo ho adwene no fi eyinom mu!)

Afei, sɛ yɛreka fapem aboɔ dumienu a ɛwɔ Kristosom mu ho asɛm a, ɛno ne:

1. Amethyst a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm

2. Beryl na ɔkyerɛwee

3. Chalcedony na ɔyɛ ɔmanpanyin

4. Chrysolite a wɔde yɛ aduru

5. Emerald a wɔfrɛ no Emerald

6. Chrysoprase a wɔde yɛ aduru

7. Jasper na ɔkyerɛwee

8. Sard na ɔkyerɛwee

9. Sardonyx a ɔyɛ ɔbarima

10. Safir a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

11. Topaz a wɔfrɛ no topaz

12. Zircon na ɔkyerɛwee

Nea etwa to no, yɛwɔ abo a ɛsom bo akron a wɔahyehyɛ.

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Akron (Navaratna) .

Aboɔden abo akron a ɛsom bo no yɛ amammerɛ, abakɔsɛm mu agude a wɔfrɛ no Navaratna (Sanskrit kasa mu asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ “aboɔden abo akron”) no fã. Navaratna aboɔden abo a wɔde si agude ne ahosiesie mu ka ho no wɔ nyamesom, anansesɛm, ne nsoromma mu hwɛ mu ntease.

Aboɔden abo akron no ne nea ɛwɔ he?

Aboɔden abo biara gyina hɔ ma Owia Nhyehyɛe no fã bi, na efi ase denam ruby ​​(ma owia) so wɔ mfinimfini. Aboɔden abo awotwe a aka a atwa ruby ​​ho ahyia ne:

• Ahwehwɛ (Ɔsram) .

• Akorade (Mars) .

• Emerald (Mercury) a wɔde yɛ nneɛma .

• Safir Kɔkɔɔ (Jupiter) .

• Diamond (Venus) .

• Safire a Ɛyɛ Bruu (Saturn) .

• Hessonite Garnet (Ɔsram a Ɛwɔ Atifi Fam) .

• Ɔkraman Aniwa Chrysoberyl (Ɔsram a Ɛwɔ Anafo Fam) .

Ná tete ahemfo hyɛ Navaratna agyan, na ɛnnɛ, wɔda so ara de Navaratna no bata ahemfo ho wɔ Thailand, baabi a ɛyɛ ɔhene no aban agyiraehyɛde no.

Yɛaka aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo a wɔahyehyɛ no nyinaa ho asɛm, nanso aboɔden abo bɛn na ɛsom bo fã? Na dɛn na “nea ɛsom bo fã” kyerɛ?

Nkyerɛase a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Dɛn na ɛma aboɔden abo yɛ nea ɛsom bo fã bi? Ebinom de aboɔden abo dodow pɔtee bi pɛ ama wɔ abo a ɛsom bo fã bi a wɔahyehyɛ no mu. Mprempren, wɔtaa bu aboɔden abo biara a ɛnyɛ atetesɛm mu aboɔden abo anan a ɛsom bo no mu biako sɛ ɛyɛ nea ɛsom bo fã.

Ɔbo a ɛsom bo fã bɛn na ɛsom bo sen biara? Efi aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo sen biara a wɔahyehyɛ mprempren mu no, nea ɛto so abien (a ɛwɔ blue diamond ase pɛɛ) no kɔ jadeite a ɛyɛ papa sen biara a ne bo yɛ dɔla ɔpepem 3 wɔ carat biara mu.

Afei, yɛbɛyɛ aboɔden abo din ne kɔla ahorow a ɛsom bo fã no nyinaa mu mpaapaemu a edi mũ!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Larimar

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam a Wɔahyehyɛ

Aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã du du pii wɔ hɔ, enti yɛde akuw kakraa bi bɛma ayɛ mmerɛw. Nea edi kan no, yɛbɛkata abo a ɛsom bo fã a agye din sen biara no bi ne nea wonnim no pii so!

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam (AL) a agye din .

Sɛ yɛbɛhyɛ yɛn list of gemstones az ase a, yɛbɛkɔ akɔhyɛ classics bi mu:

• Andalusite : Aluminium nesosilicate a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ anaasɛ ɛnyɛ hann, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi bruu anaa ahabammono a ɛwɔ trichroism a emu yɛ den (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: viridine a ɛyɛ ahabammono kosi bruu ne chiastolite a wɔayɛ ho nsusuwso)

• Apatite : Calcium phosphate a ɛyɛ hann, a agye din sɛ ɛpo mu ahabammono

• Azurite : Kɔbere carbonate a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ bruu kosi turquoise a ɛnyɛ hann

• Azurmalachite : Azurite ne malachite a wɔde afrafra a ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ bruu ne ahabammono

• Celestite : Strontium sulfate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ bruu kosi fitaa a wohu wɔ geodes mu

• Chrome Diopside : Diopside a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛyɛ hann na ɛyɛ den a chromium wom

• Chrysocolla : Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi, bruu kosi teal, kɔbere silicate a ɛtaa yɛ bruu

• Danburite : Calcium borosilicate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, enni kɔla kosi kɔkɔɔ a efi Connecticut

• Eudialyte : Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee, ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi magenta cyclosilicate

• Fluorite : Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ calcium fluorine a ɛyɛ hann a ɛwɔ kɔla biara mu, a ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, anaa n’abien nyinaa

• Fuchsite : Muscovite a ɛnyɛ hann, ɛyɛ ahabammono, chromium pii wom

• Howlite : Borate aboɔden abo fitaa a ɛnyɛ hann a dwetɛ anaa bruu ntini wom, a wɔtaa de kɔla yɛ de suasua turquoise

• Iolite : Cordierite a ɛyɛ bruu kosi violet a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ fɛ

• Kyanite : Aluminosilicate a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛte sɛ andalusite ne sillimanite

• Larimar : Pectolite a ɛnyɛ hann, bruu kosi po mu ahwehwɛ-ahabammono a ɛwɔ nsusuwso fitaa, a wohu wɔ Dominican Republic nkutoo

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Sugilite

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam (MZ) a agye din .

Wo kɔn dɔ pii? Ebia w’ani begye saa fan favorites yi ho:

• Malachite : Kɔbere carbonate a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛwɔ nsusuwii a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ ahabammono ahorow pii mu

• Moissanite : Carborundum a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ den yiye a enni kɔla a wohu fi awosu mu wɔ meteorite amena mu nanso ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa wɔtɔn no sɛ nea wɔayɛ

• Peridot : Olivine a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-ahabammono a ɛhyerɛn a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ no chrysolite

• Petalite : Aboɔden abo a ɛntaa nsi, ɛyɛ mmerɛw, enni kɔla kosi pink a ɛyɛ hann te sɛ feldspar

• Prehnite : Inosilicate a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛte sɛ pear a ɛwɔ nufusu translucence ne pearly sheen

• Rhodochrosite : Manganese carbonate a ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛyɛ hann, ɛyɛ pink a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi, pink a kɔla fitaa-a wɔde abɔ so

• Rhodonite : Manganese silica ɔbo a ɛyɛ pink a ɛyɛ hann anaasɛ ɛnyɛ hann a wɔde tuntum anaa bruu ka ho, a wɔtaa di mfomso ka sɛ ɛyɛ rhodochrosite

• Selenite : Gypsum ahwehwɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wonim no sɛ ɛwɔ honhom mu ahotew ne ahwehwɛ ahorow a wɔannoa a ɛyɛ soronko: anhweatam so rose, gypsum nhwiren, ne satin spar

• Sphene : Titanite a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a titanium pii wom a ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ-ahabammono a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow a ɛhyerɛn

• Sugilite : Opaque vibrant fuchsia to purple complex cyclosilicate a wɔtaa hu sɛ ɛwɔ ntini tuntum anaa fitaa

• Topaz : Aluminium silicate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a agye din sɛ ɛyɛ bruu anaa fitaa a fluorine a ɛhoahoa ne ho wɔ kɔla ahorow pii ho, a Imperial Topaz a ɛsom bo sen biara a ɛyɛ sika kɔkɔɔ kosi pink-orange ka ho

• Turquoise : Microcrystalline phosphate a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ bruu kosi bruu-ahabammono a ɛnyɛ hann a ntini kɔkɔɔ, bruu, anaa tuntum wom

• Zircon : Zirconium silicate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛhyerɛn na ɛhyerɛn te sɛ daimond, a wohu wɔ kɔla ahorow nyinaa mu nanso nea agye din kɛse wɔ bruu mu

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Afghanite

Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam a Wonnim no Kɛse

Ebia saa aboɔden abo din ahorow yi yɛ nea wunnim, nanso ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea w’ani gye ho foforo ara kwa:

• Afghanite : Aboɔden abo a ɛte sɛ feldspar a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ kɔla a ɛyɛ cobalt a efi Afghanistan

• Aragonite : Calcium carbonate a ɛyɛ hann, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ fitaa kosi fitaa, a ɛte sɛ calcite a ɛnam mollusk anaa akorade so na ɛbae wɔ asase anaa abɔde mu

• Dioptase : Kɔbere cyclosilicate a ɛyɛ hann, ɛyɛ ahabammono a emu dɔ kosi teal

• Dolomite : Calcium magnesium carbonate a ɛyɛ fitaa, pink, anaa tan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ atenae wom

• Lazulite : Cobalt-blue a ɛnyɛ hann kosi indigo magnesium dade phosphate

• Magnesite : Magnesium carbonate fitaa a ɛyɛ fitaa kosi kɔkɔɔ-biribiri anaasɛ fitaa a ɛnyɛ hann a ntini tuntum wom

• Scheelite : Calcium tungstate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛtaa yɛ bruu kosi fitaa a ɛpete kɛse na ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛhyerɛn te sɛ daimond

• Shattuckite : Kɔbere silicate bruu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi na ɛho yɛ na koraa

• Smithsonite : Zinc carbonate a ɛyɛ hann, a ɛne calcite wɔ abusuabɔ a ɛwɔ kɔla pii nanso wɔdɔ no kɛse wɔ pink, bruu, anaa ahabammono mu

• Stichtite : Chromium magnesium carbonate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw , ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ lilac-pink kosi purple a mpɛn pii no wɔde tuntum anaa ahabammono ka ho

• Tantalite : Tantalum iron oxide aboɔden abo kuw a ɛne columbite wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse

• Tremolite : Translucent cream anaa green amphibole silicate a wonim no yiye sɛ ne green nephrite jade ahorow nanso wohu dodow no ara sɛ nea ɛka aboɔden abo afoforo ho
  

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ɔkraman aniwa chrysoberyl (a wɔfrɛ no cymophane)

Aboɔden abo a Ɛhyerɛn Soro

Aboɔden abo pii fa hyerɛn ho, na hyerɛn nso fa hann ho. Afei, wubesua aboɔden abo fɛfɛ bi a ɛne hann saw a ɛte sɛ foforo biara ho ade.

Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam a Ɛyɛ nwonwa

Aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ nwonwa ne hann di nkitaho soronko de da aniwa mu nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwonwa adi. Saa abo a ɛsom bo fã yi bi ne:

• Black Star Diopside : Diopside a ɛyɛ ahabammono-tuntum a ɛwɔ nsoromma anan anaa hann asia

• Chrysoberyl : Abusua a ɛyɛ aluminium beryllium oxide aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaasɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-ahabammono biako (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: chatoyant cymophane aka cat’s eye ne mint-colored vanadium)

• Diaspore : Ɛda adi, ɛyɛ ahabammono kosi pink kosi champagne, aboɔden abo a ɛsakra kɔla a wɔsan frɛ no Zultanite anaa Csarite bere a wonya fi Turkey no

• Enstatite : Pyroxene a ɛyɛ ngodua ahabammono a ɛyɛ hann a magnesium pii wom a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛda nsoromma mu hwɛ adi

• Kornerupine : Magnesium aluminium borosilicate a ɛntaa nsi na ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛtaa yɛ bruu, ahabammono a emu dɔ, anaa kɔkɔɔ na etumi yɛ nsoromma anaa chatoyancy

• Pezzottaite : Ɔbo a ɛte sɛ beryl a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ anaa pink a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a cesium wom na etumi yɛ ɔkraman aniwa so nkɛntɛnso ne asterism (wommu no bio sɛ ​​ɛyɛ beryl ahorow) .

• Sillimanite : Opaque tuntum kɔkɔɔ-brown kosi tuntum fibrous gem a dwetɛ cat aniwa nkɛntɛnso anaasɛ translucent, glassy fitaa kosi ahabammono hann crystal

• Ulexite : Nesoborate fitaa a ɛntaa nsi, ɛte sɛ silika, a ɛyɛ hann a wɔfrɛ no “television ɔbo” esiane sɛnea etumi da mfonini ahorow a ɛwɔ n’ase adi wɔ ne soro ne chatoyancy nti

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Pyrite

Dade Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Worehwehwɛ hyerɛn a ɛyɛ fɛ nanso ɛnyɛ afã biara? Hwɛ saa dade aboɔden abo yi:

• Bronzite : Enstatite a ɛyɛ ahabammono, ɛyɛ nhama, ɛwɔ dade a ɛwɔ kɔbere dade a ɛhyerɛn na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ nsoromma 6

• Brookite : Titanium dioxide a ɛyɛ hann anaasɛ ɛnyɛ hann, ɛtaa yɛ bruu, a ɛwɔ dade ase

• Cassiterite : Tin oxide aboɔden abo a ɛntaa nsi na enni kɔla a ɛhyerɛn te sɛ daimond, apete denneennen

• Cuprite : Kɔbere oxide a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ dade kakra

• Hematite : Dade oxide aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛte sɛ dade a ɛyɛ fitaa kosi nkannare-kɔkɔɔ a powder kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ mu

• Magnetite : Opaque, dade, tuntum a ɛyɛ fitaa anaa bruu dade oxide mineral a ɛyɛ magnetic (a wɔankyerɛw din ahorow: lodestone) .

• Marcasite : Dade sulfide a ɛyɛ dade a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛne pyrite wɔ abusuabɔ a kɔbere kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛwɔ soro a ɛyɛ iridescent

• Pyrite : Dade sulfide a ɛyɛ kɔbere kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ dade a ɛnyɛ hann a wɔfrɛ no “ɔkwasea sika kɔkɔɔ” .

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Morganite

Aboɔden abo a Abusua Te

Ɛnyɛ sɛ aboɔden abo mmusua a wɔagye din ma aboɔden abo a wobehu no yɛ mmerɛw nko, na mmom aboɔden abo a wɔpaw nso! Fa abo ahorow akuw yi tew nea w’ani gye ho no so:

Beryl Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Sɛ emerald a ɛboro so da nkyɛn a, beryl aboɔden abo a aka no som bo fã bi:

• Beryl : Beryllium aluminium silicates a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi nea ɛyɛ hann kuw (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: goshenite a enni kɔla) kuw .

• Aquamarine : Beryl a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi po mu ahabammono a ɛyɛ mmerɛw

• Heliodor : Beryl a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi sika kɔkɔɔ

• Morganite : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi, ɛyɛ pink a ɛyɛ hann kosi peach beryl

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Tsavorite garnet

Garnet Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Wɔtaa di mfomso bu garnet sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo, nanso sɛnea ɛsom bo fã bi no mma ɛnyɛ fɛ koraa! Nneɛma kakraa bi a ɛda nsow ni:

• Garnet : Kuw a emu dodow no ara yɛ kɔkɔɔ anaa ahabammono, silicates a ɛyɛ den, a ɛwɔ ahorow anum titiriw: pyrope , grossular , almandine , spessartite , ne andradite

• Demantoid : Ngodua a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛhyerɛn kosi nea emu dɔ andradite wɔ garnets a wɔntaa nhu no mu

• Tsavorite : Grossular garnet a ɛyɛ kwae mu ahabammono kosi emerald-ahabammono a ɛda adi pefee na ɛyɛ garnet a ɛho yɛ na na ɛsom bo sen biara no mu biako

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Kunzite

Spodumene Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Ebia wonnim spodumene aboɔden abo yiye saa, nanso ɛfata sɛ wohwɛ ne nyinaa mprenu so:

• Spodumene : Abusua a ɛtaa yɛ akɛse nanso ɛyɛ mmerɛw lithium aluminium silicates anaa ankorankoro, aboɔden abo a ɛda adi wɔ kɔla biako anaa abien te sɛ borɔdɔma, fitaa, anaa bruu (a kɔla ahorow nka ho)

• Hiddenite : Spodumene a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛda adi pefee ne spodumene ahorow a ɛho yɛ na sen biara

• Kunzite : Spodumene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ pink kosi kɔkɔɔ a ne kɔla yera bere a owia abɔ no

• Triphane : Spodumene a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a enni kɔla kosi kɔkɔɔ

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Moonstone

Feldspar Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Sɛ́ aboɔden abo a abu so sen biara wɔ Asase so no, feldspar gu ahorow na ɛdɔɔso. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ aboɔden abo a egu ahorow na ɛyɛ fɛ pii:

• Feldspar : Aluminum silicates a ɛtaa yɛ ahwehwɛ ne fitaa a calcium, potassium, anaa sodium wom a wɔakyekyɛ mu akuw nketewa abien: plagioclase (albite , anorthite) ne alkali (orthoclase, sanidine , microcline , anorthoclase) kuw a ɛtrɛw .

• Amazonite : Potassium feldspar (microcline) a ɛnyɛ hann, ɛyɛ ahabammono kosi teal

• Andesine Feldspar : Ɛyɛ hann, pink kosi borɔdɔma plagioclase feldspar a ebetumi aba sɛ ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi ahabammono kɔla changes ne iridescence a ɛyɛ fɛ

• Labradorite : Plagioclase feldspar a ɛyɛ bruu kosi fitaa a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ hann a ɛwɔ labradorescence (ɛyɛ iridescence a ɛwɔ mu no su) .

• Ɔsram abo : Orthoclase ne oligoclase feldspar a wɔde afra fitaa a ɛyɛ hann a ɛwɔ adularescence a ɛyɛ bruu-fitaa (ɛhyerɛn) .

• Oregon Sunstone : Feldspar a kɔbere wom a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a efi Oregon a ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ hare kosi pink na nokwarem no ɛyɛ labradorite ahorow

• Orthoclase : Feldspar aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛnyɛ kɔla kosi nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ champagne-kɔla

• Rainbow Lattice Sunstone : Orthoclase feldspar a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow pii a ɛho yɛ na yiye a ɛwɔ lattice nsusuwii a ɛyɛ iridescent, aventurescence, ne adularescence

• Spectrolite : Labradorite ahorow a ɛntaa nsi, a ɛnyɛ hann a efi Finland a ɛwɔ labradorescence a ɛyɛ spectrum a edi mũ

• Sunstone : Plagioclase feldspar a ɛyɛ hann, pink kosi borɔdɔma a wɔtaa hu a ɛwɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ borɔdɔma ne dade a ɛhyerɛn aventurescence

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Citrine

Quartz Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ quartz aboɔden abo ne ahwehwɛ a wonim no yiye sen biara, na quartz ahorow atitiriw ne:

• Quartz : Abusua a ɛyɛ silica abo a ɛyɛ macrocrystalline a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi nea ɛyɛ hann anaasɛ aboɔden abo biako pɛ a enni kɔla a wɔsan frɛ no “abotan ahwehwɛ” (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: tangerine quartz, lemon quartz, blue quartz, herkimer diamond)

• Amethyst : Lavender a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi magenta quartz (a ɛyɛ mmerɛw: rose de France amethyst) .

• Ametrine : Citrine ne amethyst a wɔde afra a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ ne kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ hann

• Citrine : Quartz a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi bruu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-akutu: Madeira citrine) .

• Druzy : Ahwehwɛ a wɔaboaboa ano no su, mpɛn pii no ɛwɔ geodes mu, a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ nketenkete a ɛhyerɛn a ɛwɔ soro anaasɛ bere tiaa ma quartz a ɛwɔ saa nhyehyɛe yi

• Mystic Quartz : Abɔde mu pefee quartz a wɔde dade vapor surface coating ayɛ ho adwuma de ada nyankontɔn iridescence adi

• Prasiolite : Quartz a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ hann a mpɛn pii no wɔde amethyst a wɔde ɔhyew ayɛ na ɛyɛ

• Rose Quartz : Quartz a ɛyɛ ballet-pink kosi rose-red a ɛwɔ hann a ɛyɛ kusuu, a etumi da nsoromma mu hwɛ adi

• Rutilated Quartz : Quartz a emu da hɔ a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ sika kɔkɔɔ-kɔla, rutile a ɛte sɛ ade a wɔde ka ho

• Smoky Quartz : Quartz a emu da hɔ a ɛyɛ translucent a “wusiw” a ɛyɛ bruu kosi tuntum wɔ mu a efi abɔde mu mframa ne aluminium mu

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Bumblee jasper

Chalcedony Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam

Microcrystalline quartz, anaa chalcedony, de nneɛma pii mpo ba:

• Chalcedony : Abusua a ɛyɛ microcrystalline quartzes anaasɛ aboɔden abo biako a ɛyɛ hann, fitaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi bruu a ɛyɛ fitaa

• Agate : Chalcedonies abusua a ɛyɛ hann na ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow (ahorow bi a wɔankyerɛw din: dendritic agate , moss agate , blue lace agate) .

• Aquaprase : Chalcedony a ɛyɛ bruu-ahabammono a ɛyɛ hann na ɛyɛ hann a nickel ne chromium wom a wohuu wɔ Afrika wɔ afe 2013 mu

• Mogya abo (Heliotrope) : Chalcedony a ɛyɛ ahabammono tuntum a ɛnyɛ hann na ɛwɔ nsensanee kɔkɔɔ

• Carnelian : Chalcedony a ɛyɛ translucent, kɔkɔɔ kosi kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ kɔla biako anaa kɔla ahorow pii

• Chrysocolla Chalcedony (Gem Silica) : Chalcedony a ɛsom bo sen biara, chalcedony a ɛyɛ hann, ɛyɛ bruu kosi bruu-ahabammono a ɛhyerɛn a chrysocolla ka ho

• Chrysoprase : Chalcedony a ɛyɛ apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw fã bi a wɔde nikel ayɛ

• Ogya Agate : Agate a ɛyɛ fã bi a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ bruu a ne nnyinaso yɛ bruu na ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, borɔdɔma, ahabammono, ne/anaasɛ bruu a ɛhyerɛn

• Jasper : Opaque, kɔla-banded anaa patterned abusua a chalcedony aboɔden abo

• Onyx : Chalcedony tuntum anaa bruu a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛwɔ kɔla-banding a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ (wɔtaa yɛ onyx tuntum a ɛyɛ kɔla a ɛyɛ den) .

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Paraiba tourmaline

Aboɔden Aboɔ Mmusua Afoforo a Wɔsom Bo Fam

Aboɔden abo mmusua nketewa nanso ɛda so ara yɛ nea ɛho hia no bi ne:

• Calcite : Calcium carbonates kuw anaa ankorankoro a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, borɔdɔma aboɔden abo

  • Cobaltocalcite : Calcite a ɛntaa nsi, ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ pink a ɛhyerɛn kosi maroon a efi cobalt mu

• Chlorite : Phyllosilicates a mica pii wom kuw a akuw nketewa titiriw: clinochlore ne chamosite (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: amete, cookeite) .

  • Seraphinite : Clinochlore chlorite a ɛyɛ kwae mu ahabammono a wɔayɛ ho mfonini a ɛwɔ ahabammono a ɛyɛ hare kosi dwetɛ ntakra mica a ɛka ho, ne mmeae a ɛnyɛ hann na ɛyɛ hann

• Mica : Phyllosilicates abusua kɛse a wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw yɛ nkratafa a ɛyɛ tratraa, a akuw titiriw na ɛwom: biotite , muscovite , ne lithium mica (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw wɔn din: phlogopite kɔkɔɔ kosi borɔdɔma, biotite tuntum) .

  • Lepidolite : Mica a ɛnyɛ hann, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ fitaa-akuturuku a ɛwɔ quartz fitaa nsusuwso na ɛtɔ mmere bi a tourmaline nsensanee a ɛyɛ ahabammono

• Scapolite : Aluminosilicate mineral series anaa biakoyɛ, a ɛtaa yɛ ɛwo kɔkɔɔ na ɛyɛ mmerɛw (ahoɔden ahorow a wɔankyerɛw: nyankontɔn scapolite, petschite, nuttalite, wernerite, meionite, marialite)

• Serpentine : Kaolinite-serpentine minerals kuw ketewaa bi anaasɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu-ahabammono ankorankoro a ɛtaa da ahabammono a ɛyɛ hann ne tuntum adi

• Sodalite : Aboɔden abo a sodium pii wom, te sɛ feldspar anaa ankorankoro, ɔbo a ɛwɔ nsensanee a ɛyɛ adehye bruu ne fitaa a ɛnyɛ hann (a wɔankyerɛw din: hauyne) .

  • Hackmanite : Sodalite a ɛyɛ pink a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi lilac a ɛyɛ fitaa ne kɔkɔɔ/violet tenebrescence

  • Lazurite : Opaque, azure-blue sodalite aboɔden abo a wɔayɛ no fitaa anaa sika kɔkɔɔ

• Sphalerite : Zinc sulfide minerals kuw a ɛsono nea ɛwɔ mu ne ne kɔla anaasɛ aboɔden abo biako a ɛyɛ hann a ɛpete kɛse a wɔtaa hu wɔ kɔla kɔkɔɔ kosi bruu mu

• Spinel : Aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ den kuw a ɛwɔ nneɛma a ɛyɛ den, ɛsakra anaasɛ aboɔden abo biako pɛ a ɛda adi a agye din kɛse wɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ ruby-red kosi pink mu

• Tourmaline : Silikates kuw a ɛyɛ den anaasɛ aboɔden abo biako pɛ wɔ kuw no mu, a ɛtaa yɛ tourmaline tuntum (schorl) .

  • Rubellite : Tourmaline a ɛyɛ hann, ɛyɛ pink a emu dɔ, kɔkɔɔ, anaa magenta

  • Indicolite : Tourmaline a ɛyɛ bruu kosi bruu-ahabammono

  • Watermelon Tourmaline : Tourmaline a ɛyɛ kɔla abien a ɛyɛ pink, ahabammono, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ fitaa

  • Chrome Tourmaline : Dravite tourmaline a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi nea ɛnyɛ hann a ɛyɛ ahabammono

• Variscite : Aluminium phosphates kuw anaa ankorankoro, opaque ahabammono kosi turquoise aboɔden abo a mpɛn pii no ɛwɔ tuntum anaa fitaa nsusuwii (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: scorodite , mansfieldite) .

• Zoisite : Mpɛn pii no, aboɔden abo abusua a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ den anaasɛ ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow pii a ɛwɔ ahorow abiɛsa titiriw: tanzanite, anylite (ruby zoisite), ne thulite

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Mexico ogya opal

Aboɔden abo a Ɛnyɛ Aboɔden abo

Akuw a edi hɔ no ka aboɔden abo soronko a ɛnyɛ da biara da ahwehwɛ ho!

Mineraloids a Ɛsom Bo Fam (Inorganic) .

Aboɔden abo dodow no ara yɛ mineral crystals, nanso ɛsono mineraloids. Wɔ aseɛ ha yi, yɛbɛbobɔ mineraloids a ɛsom boɔ fã bi (a ɛnyɛ organic):

• Opal : Opaque, amorphous, hydrated silica mineraloid , a wɔfrɛ no “opal a ɛsom bo” bere a wɔda agoru a ɛyɛ kɔla adi no

• Mexico Fire Opal : Opal ahorow a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛda adi na ɛwɔ afã horow a ɛwɔ kɔla kɔkɔɔ kosi kɔkɔɔ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛda kɔla a wɔde di agoru adi

• Moldavite : Tektite a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛyɛ silica-glass a wɔka ho asɛm sɛ ɛno ne ɔbo a ɛsen biara a ɛsa yare

• Obsidian : Opaque, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ tuntum na ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ nsusuwso, silica-glass rhyolite a nsu wom (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: Apache nusu, nyankontɔn obsidian, ogya obsidian, sukyerɛmma obsidian, mahogany obsidian, sheen obsidian)

• Tektite : Abɔde mu ahwehwɛ a ɛnyɛ hann, ɛtaa yɛ tuntum, ɛhyerɛn a ɛsono nea ɛwɔ mu ne ahorow pii, na ne nyinaa nam meteorite a ɛbɔ so na ɛbae

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Canada ammolite

Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo a Ɛfa Organic

Ɔkraman abohene ntumi nhyehyɛ wɔ asase ho nimdeɛ mu. Mmom no, afifide ne mmoa na ɛwɔ saa aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã yi akyi:

• Amber : Nnua a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ hann, a ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ-akutu, a ɛyɛ den a efi tete pine mu

• Ammolite : Aragonite akorade a ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi a ɛyɛ ammonites a ayera a ɛda iridescence a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow pii adi

• Coral : Wɔ amanne kwan so no, aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ pink kosi kɔkɔɔ a wɔde coral po mu abɔde nnompe a ɛwɔ akyi na ɛyɛ

• Fossil : Fossilized organism anaa afifide mu nneɛma (sɛ nhwɛso no, shark sẽ, asonse, dinosaur dompe, bamboo, coral) a ɛwɔ nsusuwii soronko na ɛtaa de aboɔden abo ahyɛ mu ma

• Ivory : Ntini a ɛyɛ fitaa kosi sɛ ɛyɛ krim anaa sẽ a efi mmoa akɛse a wɔnom nufu mu, a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ dentine

• Jet : Opaque tuntum kosi bruu lignite-fango organic mineraloid a wɔtaa yɛ wɔ nsu ase fi nnua a asɛe a asɛe mu

• Pearl : Nacre a agye din a ɛyɛ krim a oysters yɛ de bɔ wɔn ho ban fi nneɛma a ɛhyɛ abufuw a ɛba no ho (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw: Tahitian pearl , sika kɔkɔɔ ahwehwɛ, conch pearl , Keshi pearl, Akoya pearl, South Sea pearl)

• Petrified Palm : Nnuadewa a ayera a ɛyɛ tan kosi sika kɔkɔɔ, nsensanee, nnompe a ayera a wɔfrɛ no Palmoxylon

• Nnua a Wɔayɛ no Aboɔ : Afifide a wɔayɛ no fossilized su, a wɔtaa yɛ no kyɛ kɛse denam silica a wɔde hyɛ mu anaasɛ wɔde si ananmu na ɛda tan kɔ kɔkɔɔ nsusuwso adi

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Lapis lazuli

Abotan Aboɔden Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam (AM) .

Aboɔden abo abien anaa nea ɛboro saa wɔ aboɔden abo pii mu, na wɔkyekyɛ mu sɛ abotan. Saa abotan ne abo a ɛsom bo no bi ni:

• Aventurine : Quartz ne feldspar abotan a ɛyɛ hann kosi nea ɛnyɛ hann a wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ ahabammono ahorow ne dade a ɛhyerɛn (aventurescence) .

• Ɔbo a Wɔde Nkyerɛwee : Ɔbotan soronko a ɛyɛ sika kɔkɔɔ-kɔla a wɔde hematite ne nneɛma ahorow a wɔatutu fam ahu ayɛ, na ɛma nkyerɛwee a ɛte sɛ nkyerɛwee kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, ne bruu ba

• Charoite : Ɔbotan a ɛyɛ hann, nufusu a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ ne fitaa a ɛrehuruhuruw a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ mineral charoite

• Chrysanthemum Nhwiren Abo : Ɔbotan a ɛyɛ tuntum a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ fitaa (celestite, feldspar, andalusite, anaa calcite) “chrysanthemum” nsusuwii a efi abakɔsɛm a ɛbae ansa na abakɔsɛm reba no mu

• Hawk’s Eye : Opaque deep teal anaa blue-gray chalcedony abotan a fibrous crocidolite a ɛka ho a ɛde chatoyancy a ɛnyɛ den (hann a ɛdannan mframa pii) ne nsensanee a ɛyɛ nsensanee ba

• Ironstone : Ɔbotan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ bruu ne kɔkɔɔ a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛne opal frafra ma ɛyɛ ɔbotan opal

• Lapis Lazuli : Opaque, indigo abotan a ɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 25-40 lazurite a sika kɔkɔɔ pyrite ne fitaa calcite nsensanee

• Lava Abotan : Aboɔden abo anaa abotan kuw a efi magma a ayɛ nwini (te sɛ rhyolite, andesite , ne felsite) anaa basalt anaa mafic abotan biako pɛ a wɔde di dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo mu

• Meteorite : Ahunmu ɔbo a ɛnyɛ hann, ɛyɛ torotoro anaasɛ ɛyɛ dimpled, ɛyɛ bruu kosi tuntum ahunmu ɔbo a ɛbaa fam wɔ Asase so

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Pietersite

Abotan Aboɔden Abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam (PZ) .

Woasiesie wo ho ama pii? Momma yɛne wɔn a wɔaka no rock 'n' roll:

• Pietersite : Ɔbotan a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow pii a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛyɛ ɔkraman aniwa ne ɔsebɔ aniwa a wɔde chalcedony ayɛ, a mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ borɔdɔma anaa bruu a ɛyɛ basabasa a ɛyɛ basabasa

• Rhyolite : Opaque pale pink, fitaa, anaa grey lava abotan a nsakrae titiriw ne obsidian, tuff, ne pumice (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: rainforest jasper, apache sage, wonderstone, thundereggs) .

• Ruby Zoisite (Anyolite) : Ɔbotan a ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow pii a ɛnyɛ hann (wɔtɔn no sɛ zoisite ahorow) a wɔde ruby ​​kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ pink ne zoisite a ɛyɛ ahabammono na ɛyɛ, a mpɛn pii no ɛwɔ pargasite ntini tuntum

• Septarian : Ɔbotan a ɛnyɛ hann a aragonite a ɛyɛ bruu, calcite kɔkɔɔ, ne limestone a ɛyɛ fitaa na ɛwom

• Shiva Lingam : Ɛyɛ kronkron wɔ Hindusom mu, ɛyɛ chalcedony ɔbotan a ɛnyɛ hann a dade oxides ne aboɔden abo a ɛsakra na ɛma ɛyɛ afã horow a ɛtaa yɛ tan, maroon, ne grey

• Super Seven : Ɔbotan kronkron a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ hann a amethyst, quartz a emu da hɔ, quartz a wusiw wom, cacoxenite, goethite, rutile, ne lepidocrocite wom

• Tiffany Stone : Ɔbotan a ɛnyɛ hann a afã horow a ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ fluorite, opal, ne bertrandite (ne aboɔden abo afoforo), a ɛda akuru a wɔadi afra a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ kɔkɔɔ, fitaa, ne tuntum adi

• Tiger’s Eye : Ɔbotan a ɛyɛ chalcedony a ɛnyɛ hann te sɛ hawk’s eye nanso ɛyɛ sika kɔkɔɔ-kɔla kosi kɔkɔɔ-biribiri a efi dade oxide mu, ne chatoyancy a ɛnyɛ den ne nsensanee

• Tiger Iron : Ɔbotan a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛwɔ ɔsebɔ aniwa a ɛyɛ sika kɔkɔɔ, hematite tuntum, ne jasper kɔkɔɔ

• Turkiyenite : Turkey, opaque lilac kosi bobe abotan (a mpɛn pii no ɛwɔ nsensanee fitaa) a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ jadeite kɔkɔɔ nanso ɛwɔ quartz, orthoclase, ne mineral afoforo nso

• Verdite : Ɔbotan a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ hann a efi South Africa a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ fuchsite na ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ ne bruu nsusuwii

• Zebra Rock : Opaque white ne reddish-brown banded rock a efi Australia a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ chalcedony ne sericite a ɛwɔ minerals afoforo

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Euclase

Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam a Ɛho Yɛ na

Nea etwa to no, yɛwɔ nea ɔboaboa ano no anigye: abo a wɔntaa nhu na ɛsom bo!

Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam a Wɔntaa Nhu

Bere a eyinom nyɛ abo a ne bo yɛ fã a ɛho yɛ na sen biara (ɛnonom na edi hɔ) no, aboɔden abo a edidi so yi na ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na a wɔahyehyɛ no tenten:

• Axinite : Translucent calcium aluminium borate silicate a ɛtaa yɛ sika kɔkɔɔ-biribiri a pleochroism a emu yɛ den

• Bastnasite : Carbonate a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ hann a asase mu nneɛma a wɔntaa nhu wom, a wohu wɔ Sweden

• Cavansite : Calcium vanadium silicate a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ hann kosi nea ɛnyɛ hann

• Cinnabar : Mercury sulfide a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ hann anaasɛ ɛnyɛ hann a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ hyew kosi kɔkɔɔ, a ɛntaa nsi wɔ ahwehwɛ mu

• Crocoite : Kɔbere chromate ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ hann a ɛte sɛ safron kɔkɔɔ kosi kɔkɔɔ-akutu

• Euclase : Translucent beryllium silicate a ɛtaa yɛ nkokoaa bruu kosi nea enni kɔla, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛwɔ kɔla abien ne abien no nyinaa

• Londonite : Borate a cesium pii wom a ɛntaa nsi koraa a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛte sɛ nufusu a ɛyɛ hann anaasɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw

• Vesuvianite (Idocrase) : Calcium aluminium silicate a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ-ahabammono a wohuu wɔ Bepɔw Vesuvius so (ahorow a wɔankyerɛw din: cyprine, Californite, xanthite, wiluite) .

• Zincite : Translucent orange anaa red zinc oxide a efi New Jersey a ɛho yɛ na yiye wɔ abɔde mu, enti wɔtaa yɛ synthetically

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Alexandrite

Aboɔden abo a Ɛsom Bo Fam a Ɛho Hia Sen Biara

Eduu afe 2005 no, na painite kura Guinness Wiase Kyerɛwtohɔ a ɛfa aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na sen biara ho, nanso efi saa bere no, wɔahu ɛyaw foforo bɛyɛ 1,000. Ɛmfa ho nea ɛbɛba biara no, mprempren abo a ne bo yɛ fã a ɛho yɛ na sen biara (wɔn nkyerɛwde mu) ni:

• Alexandrite : Chrysoberyl a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, kɔkɔɔ & ahabammono a ɛsakra kɔla a chromium wom

• Black Opal : Australiafo opal ahorow a agye din a ne nipadua yɛ tuntum na ɛtaa yɛ agoru a ɛyɛ kɔla

• Benitoite : California ɔman aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ bruu te sɛ safir

• Grandidierite : Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ magnesium aluminium borosilicate a ɛyɛ cyan-kɔla a ɛyɛ hann kɛse da sɛ ɛbɛyɛ faceting

• Jade : Asɛmfua a wɔde gyina hɔ ma jadeite anaa nephrite , silicate abien a ɛsono nea wɔahyehyɛ ne ne su, a agye din kɛse ne ahabammono nanso ɛwɔ kɔla ahorow te sɛ kɔkɔɔ, fitaa, borɔdɔma, ne tuntum nso (jadeite yɛ nea ɛho yɛ na na ɛsom bo sen biara) .

• Jeremejevite : Aluminium borate a ɛyɛ bruu kosi violet a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, mpɛn pii no

• Larimar : Pectolite ahorow a wɔayɛ no teal ne fitaa a efi Dominican Republic nkutoo

• Musgravite : Beryllium oxide a ɛyɛ fitaa-ahabammono kosi kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛho yɛ na sen ne taaffeite ahorow no

• Painite : Ɛho yɛ na yiye, borate kɔkɔɔ kosi bruu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a zirconium ne boron a efi Myanmar nkutoo wom

• Paraíba Tourmaline : Tourmaline a ɛho yɛ na yiye, ɛyɛ hann, ɛyɛ bruu kosi ahabammono a ɛhyerɛn a efi Brazil nkutoo wɔ aban kwan so

• Poudretteite : Cyclosilicate aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ pink, violet, anaa kɔla a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a efi Canada

• Red Beryl : Beryl ahorow a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi nea ɛyɛ hann a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi borɔdɔma

• Taaffeite : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee, ɛtaa yɛ mauve, musgravite

• Tanzanite : Translucent, bruu kosi violet (a ɛsom bo sen biara) zoisite ahorow a ɛyɛ soronkoy a wofi Tanzania

Aboɔden abo Bɛn na Ɛsom Bo Ma Wo?

Wɔ da no awiei no, nkyekyem ahorow a ɛsom bo ne nea ɛsom bo fã bi boa nanso ɛnyɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ pintinn bere a woretɔ aboɔden abo no. Sɛ́ ebia wobɛpaw sɛ wode abohene ne emerald a ɛsom bo anaa abo a ne bo yɛ fã a ɛyɛ fɛ saa ara besiesie wo ho no, wɔn bo ankasa ne sɛnea ɛma wote nka.

Ma wo nkate nkyerɛ wo kwan bere a wunya aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ pɛ ma wo no!

Kɔtɔ yɛn aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo ne nea ɛsom bo fã a yɛaboaboa ano pii no nnɛ!