Sellaite Gemstone: Agyapadeɛ, Nkyerɛaseɛ, Boɔ & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Sellaite yɛ magnesium fluoride a enni kɔla kosi fitaa a wodii kan huu wɔ France wɔ 1800 mfe no mu. Obiara nnim sellaite aboɔden abo no yiye sen wɔn a wɔboaboa ano, na ne fã bi ne sɛ ɛho yɛ na koraa.

Ɛnyɛ sɛ sellaite ahwehwɛ yɛ nketewa nko, na mmom nneɛma a wotumi twa no fi baabi biako pɛ na ɛnyɛ pii. Sellaite aboɔden abo kakraa bi pɛ na wɔatwitwa.

Wopɛ sɛ wusua pii fa ɔbo a wontumi nhu yi ho? Bra bere a yɛrebubu sellaite agyapade, abakɔsɛm, ne bo, ne nea ɛkeka ho no!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Gemmy sellaite crystal a efi Carlos Barbosa ankasa nneɛma a waboaboa ano | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.co m – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Sellaite Stone ho asɛm

Sellaite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na koraa, a enni kɔla kosi fitaa a ɛsom bo fã bi . Abodin afoforo a wɔde frɛ ɔbo no ne:

• Belonesite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Belonosite a ɛwɔ hɔ

Sɛ wode wɔn din ne kɔla a wɔtaa de di dwuma nti, wubetumi de sellaite afra selenite mu . Nanso, selenite yɛ gypsum ahorow (a wɔde calcium sulfate a nsu wom na ɛyɛ) bere a sellaite yɛ magnesium fluoride.

Bio nso, selenite sua koraa wɔ Mohs hardness scale (wɔ 2 anaa 3) sen sellaite na selenite wɔ density a ɛba fam (2.25 kosi 2.35). Ɛnyɛ ɛno nko, selenite abu so kɛse sen sellaite.

Sellaite Nneɛma a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Esiane sɛ sellaite ho yɛ na nti, nyansahufo ayɛ sellaite a wɔayɛ no foforo a wɔde besi ananmu de adi dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu.

Wotintim ɔkwan biako a Viktor Ivanovich Petrik ne Vladimir Petrovich Lyashenko yɛe a wɔagye ho tumi krataa nnansa yi wɔ 1997 mu.

Petrik ne Lyashenko adeyɛ no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde magnesium carbonate a wɔde nsu afra mu di dwuma de ma magnesium fluoride a hydrofluoric acid wom. Afei wɔde ammonium fluoride a wɔde nsu afra mu de tetew magnesium fluoride a atɔ fam no mu, na wɔyow ma ɛyɛ powder. Afei wɔde ɔhyew ne nhyɛso yɛ powder no wɔ vacuum mu.

Wɔyɛɛ saa sellaite a wɔayɛ yi sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi de adi dwuma sɛ ade a wɔde hwɛ ade a wɔde bɛyɛ nneɛma a wɔde aniwa ayɛ a wɔawie fã bi te sɛ ahwehwɛ ne mfɛnsere.

Wobetumi de sellaite a wɔayɛ nso adi dwuma de ayɛ prism ne dɔte a wɔde yɛ polarizing. Mfaso titiriw a ɛwɔ sellaite a wɔayɛ so wɔ optics dwumadie mu ne sɛ magnesium fluoride a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no kɔ so yɛ nea ɛda adi wɔ asorɔkye tenten a ɛtrɛw yiye mu.

Bio nso, magnesium fluoride ho wɔ mfaso sɛ ade a wɔde kata ahwehwɛ so a ɛko tia hann. Eyi boa ma dwumadie te sɛ Interference Reflection microscopy (reflection interference contrast microscopy), ɔkwan a wɔfa so sua nkwammoaa a ɛkɔ ne nea ɛbata ho denam microscope so.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Chinafo (China asasepɔn): Magnesium fluoride, nnuru a ɛho tew (CP), emu 98.0%~101.0% (wɔakyerɛ ase afi China kasa mu) | Mfonini no fi: Leiem, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Sellaite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sɛ́ magnesium fluoride mineral no, sellaite aduru ne MgF2. Ɔbo no wɔ halide kuw a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo mu, a ɛwɔ halide anion titiriw te sɛ fluoride, chloride, bromide, anaa iodide — wɔ eyi mu no, halide anion no yɛ fluoride. Halide foforo a ebia wunim ne sodium chloride mineral halite .

Sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ no, sellaite ne rutile mineral kuw no wɔ abusuabɔ, a ɛyɛ tetragonal oxides te sɛ argutite, cassiterite , pyrolusite, ne nokwarem no, rutile .

Wɔ ahwehwɛ su ho no, sellaite betumi ayɛ ahwehwɛ ankorankoro a ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ prismatic, ɛyɛ tratraa, ɛte sɛ pyramidal, anaa acicular. Ebetumi nso aba sɛ nhama, radial, anaa spherulitic aggregates. Twinning betumi asi wɔ {011} so. Mpɛn pii no, sellaite ba sɛ prism ahorow a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ.

Sellaite agyapadeɛ a wɔakyerɛw:

• Mohs denden : 5-5.5

• Kɔla : Enni kɔla, fitaa, kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Tetragonal

• Luster : Vitreous (ahwehwɛ) .

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.378-1.390

• Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den : 3.15

• Cleavage : Ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ {010} ne {110} so; Ebia ahwehwɛ no sua dodo sɛ wobetumi ahu mpaapaemu

• Akisikuru : Conchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Mpɛn pii no, obiara nni hɔ; Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ bruu wɔ LW-UV mu; Pale violet luminescence wɔ cleavage bere a ɛyɛ hyew

• Pleochroism : Biara nni hɔ

• Birefringence : 0.012 (ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye) .

• Apete : Wonnim

Enough mineralogy for now, ɛyɛ bere a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛtu anammɔn kɔ sellaite bere a atwam no mu.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Quintino Sella, sellaite din a wɔde too no no mfonini, bɛyɛ afe 1870 | Mfonini no fi: Annales.org , Ɔmanfo de

Sellaitefo Abakɔsɛm

Italiani tetefo nneɛma ho ɔbenfo ne aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Johannes (anaa Giovanni) Strüver tintim sellaite ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan wɔ 1869 mu a egyina nhwɛsode ahorow a wohuu wɔ Gébroulaz nsukyenee a ɛwɔ Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes wɔ France no so.

Strüver paw edin “sellaite” de hyɛɛ Italiani amammuifo, aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo, ne ɔbenfo Quintino Sella anuonyam.

Wɔ 1886 mu no, Italiani oduruyɛfo, aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo, ne abɔde ho nimdefo Arcangelo Scacchi tintim sellaite a wohuu wɔ Vesuvian ogyaframa mu ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu wɔ 1872. Nanso, Scacchi frɛɛ aboɔden abo no “belonesia” anaa “belonesite,” na na ogye di sɛ ɛyɛ magnesium molybdate.

Akyiri yi, Italiani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Ferruccio Zambonini daa no adi sɛ Scacchi aboɔden abo no ne magnesium fluoride sellaite wɔ 1899 mu.

Akwan a Wɔfa so Yɛ Sellaite Synthesis

Wɔde sellaite a wɔyɛ no fapem sii hɔ wɔ 1811 mu, bere a Fransefo nnuruyɛfo Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac ne Louis Jacques Thénard de magnesium oxide guu hydrofluoric acid mu no.

Magnesium fluoride a edi kan a wɔde yɛɛ no ​​sii wɔ 1824 mu, bere a Swedenni nnuruyɛfo Jöns Jacob Berzelius de akwan abien (a ɛsono emu biara) yɛɛ no: denam magnesium carbonate a wɔde hydrofluoric acid yɛɛ ho adwuma ne magnesium sulfate aduru ne potassium fluoride a wɔde dii dwuma de maa aboɔden abo no tɔe so.

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛkɔ so wɔ Berzelius de no akyi ne:

• 1862 – F. Röder na ɔkyerɛwee; Adeyɛ : Fa magnesium chloride afã 5 ne sodium fluoride afã 4 ne sodium chloride afã 4 nwene, afei ma ɛnnwo

• 1887 – Franseni nnuruyɛfo Henri Moissan na ɔkyerɛwee; Adeyɛ : Wɔhyew dade a wɔayam no wɔ fluorine mframa mu, na ɛma ɛyɛ hyew avec beaucoup d’eclat (“a ɛhyerɛn pii”) .

• 1887 – A. Feldmann na ɔkyerɛwee; Adeyɛ : Wɔde calcium fluoride ma magnesium chloride hyew, de nsu a wɔde hydrochloric acid ayɛ no yam ade no ma ɛyɛ magnesium fluoride powder; Wobetumi ayɛ no ahwehwɛ (sɛnea Italiani nnuruyɛfo Alfonso Cossa kyerɛ no) denam fluoride a wɔde afrafra no a wɔbɛma ayɛ nwini anaasɛ wɔde alkali chloride afra mu no so

Sɛ yɛsan kɔ metaphysical no so a, momma yɛnhwɛ sellaite honhom mu mfaso horow.

Mfonini no fi National Gem Lab

Sellaite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛsa yare a enni kɔla no , sellaite wɔ ahotew ne ahobammɔ a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo fitaa afoforo .

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wɔ honam fam no, wɔka sɛ sellaite boa wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa:

• Ntini a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma

• Pituitary ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu

• Nkate mu nimdeɛ

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wogye di sɛ Sellaite ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wobehu wɔn ho na wɔanya honhom fam abusuabɔ. Sɛ́ ɔbo a enni kɔla no, sellaite betumi ama adwene mu ada hɔ, ama nkate agyina, na atew ɔkra no ho afi nneɛma bɔne ho.

Chakra Ayaresa

Chakra ayaresa hwehwɛ sɛ wuhu ahoɔden mfinimfini (chakra) a ɛne mprempren sɛnkyerɛnne bɔne biara a worehyia no wɔ abusuabɔ. Wosusuw sɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi fi saa chakra no ahoɔden a ɛsen no a wɔasiw anaasɛ ɛnkari pɛ no.

Wɔde Sellaite di dwuma sɛ abotiri chakra ɔbo . Abotiri chakra no yɛ chakra a ɛkorɔn sen biara, a ɛwɔ wo ti atifi sɛ halo a ɛrehuruhuruw a ɛhyerɛn kɔ soro. Saa ahoɔden beae yi na edi nimdeɛ, abusuabɔ a ɛda ɔsoro de ntam, ne nsusuwii a enni adwene so.

Abotiri chakra a asiw ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no bi ne sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ abusuabɔ atwa wo ho ahyia na w’adwene atu afra, ne hia a ehia sɛ wodi so denneennen.

Sɛ wode sellaite di dwuma wie a, wubehu sɛ abotiri chakra no abue bere a wote nka sɛ wo ne wo ho wɔ abusuabɔ, woama wo so, na wo ne amansan no ayɛ biako no.

Sellaite Aboɔden Aboɔ Agyapadeɛ

Esiane sɛ sellaite aboɔden abo ho yɛ na nti, akwan a wɔfa so de kyerɛw nneɛma a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ nni hɔ. Ɛno akyi no, yɛbɛda so ara akɔ sɛnea nneɛma a ɛsom bo wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so no betumi afa sellaite ho:

• Kɔla : Sellaite betumi ayɛ nea enni kɔla, fitaa, anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kakra, ɛwom sɛ wɔbɛda violet hann a ɛyɛ mmerɛw adi bere a wɔapaapae mu na wɔayɛ no hyew no. Kɔla a ɛho tew kɛse, mpo betumi ayɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse.

• Cut : Sɛnea facetable sellaite nneɛma ho yɛ na koraa no ma faceted sellaites som bo kɛse. Wɔtaa tɔn ɔbo no rough (wɔntwitwaa).

• Nneɛma a Ɛda Hɔ : Esiane sɛ ahwehwɛ pii yɛ nea ɛda adi koraa wɔ mmeae nketewa nkutoo nti, nea ɛda adi kɛse no betumi ayɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse. Ahwehwɛ pii nso sua dodo sɛ ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea ɛda adi koraa.

• Carat Weight & Size : Sellaite ahwehwɛ akɛse a wonim mprempren no tenten bɛyɛ sɛntimita 5 (ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nsateakwaa 2), na Brazil nkutoo na wɔayɛ sellaite a wotumi twa. Sɛnea ɛte no, aboɔden abo kakraa bi pɛ a emu duru bɛyɛ 2 carats max (mpɛn pii no ennu saa) na wɔayɛ faceted.

Sɛ yɛsan kɔ mineral no fapem so a, ɔkwan bɛn so na sellaite yɛ?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ferroaluminoceladonite bɔɔl nketewa a wɔaboaboa ano ne beryl, sellaite, pyrite, ne topaz | Mfonini no fi Ralph Bottrill, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Sellaite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Wohu sellaite wɔ asase ho nneɛma ahorow pii mu, na efi mframa, nsu, ne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew mu na ɛba wɔ nhyɛso ne ɔhyew tebea horow mu.

Wobetumi ahu aboɔden abo no wɔ:

• Nneɛma a ɛma nsu yɛ hyew

• Magnesite a ɛsakra nneɛma

• Soda-granite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Nneɛma a wɔde pegmatites ayɛ

• Ogya bepɔw mu ejecta & fumaroles

• Marble a wɔfrɛ no Marble

• Dolostone na ɔkyerɛwee

Nneɛma biako pɛ a wonim sɛ ɛyɛ facetable no fi metamorphic magnesite deposits.

Aboɔden abo a wɔtaa de bata ho ne:

• Anhydrite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Gypsum a wɔfrɛ no Gypsum

• Sulfur a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Fluorite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Celestite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Magnesite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

Ɛno kata asase ho adesua fã no so, nanso ɛhe na sellaite fi wɔ asase ho nsɛm mu?

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Mprempren, baabi biako pɛ a wonim sɛ wonya facetable sellaite nneɛma ne Bahia, Brazil.

Nneɛma afoforo a wɔagye atom sɛ wonya aboɔden abo no nkutoo ne:

• Colorado, U.S.A., na ɛwɔ hɔ

• France

• Germany

• Italy

• Norway

• Peru

• Russia

Afei, sellaite aboɔden abo ne ne nhwɛsoɔ bo yɛ ahe?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Sellaite ahwehwɛ a wɔde akyerɛ wɔ Smithsonian Tete Nneɛma Akorae a Ɛhwɛ Abɔde Ho Abakɔsɛm So | Mfonini no fi: Bram Hasler, Fine Mineral Blog

Sellaite Bo & Bo a Ɛsom

Ebia ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ sellaite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no hyɛ bo a ɛkorɔn sen biara.

Wɔ kakraa bi a wɔntaa nhu wɔ hɔ no mu no, sellaites a ɛwɔ anim a enni kɔla taa yɛ bɛyɛ dɔla 500 wɔ carat biara mu. Kae: Ebia ne bo nyinaa bɛba fam kakra sɛ emu duru nnu carat 1 a.

Sellaites a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ anaa nea ɛyɛ hann pii (a ne su sua) betumi ayɛ bɛyɛ dɔla 20 kosi 30 wɔ carat biara mu.

Rough sellaite bo yɛ mmerɛw kɛse, efi ase bɛyɛ $15 na emu biara du bɛyɛ $55.

Sellaite Ɔhwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Before we cover gemstone care , ɛho hia sɛ yɛhyɛ no nsow sɛ magnesium fluoride betumi ayɛ awuduru sɛ wɔnom anaa wɔhome a. Eyi de asiane ba lapidaristfo a wotwa aboɔden abo no so titiriw, a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ahobammɔ nnwinnade a ɛfata di dwuma.

Sɛ wode bɛkyerɛ a, ma sellaite ntwe wo ho mfi obiara a ebia ɔde bɛhyɛ wɔn anom, te sɛ mmofra anaa afieboa ho.

Wɔ sellaite a wɔhwɛ so ho no, ahwehwɛ no tumi nwura nsu mu kakra na ɛbɛporɔw wɔ sulphuric acid a wɔahyɛ no den mu.

Sɛnea ɛte no, tew sellaite ho nkutoo denam ntama a ɛyɛ nwunu a microfiber a wode bɛpopa so na wode asie baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ kusuu na ɛhɔ yɛ nwini so.

So Wɔtɔn Wo wɔ Sellaite so?

Sellaite yɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu na ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu mpo, nanso nea ɛntaa nsi no ma ne bo yɛ den na ɛyɛ anigye kɛse, titiriw ma wɔn a wɔboaboa ano no. Sɛ yɛhwɛ akwan horow a wɔfa so yɛ nneɛma a wɔayɛ no a, ebia yebehu sellaite aboɔden abo a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ daakye ara kwa.

Kɔtɔ sellaite ne aboɔden abo afoforo nnɛ!