Sapphirine Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Sapphirine (wɔbɔ no sa-fur-eyen) yɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu a wɔn a wɔboaboa ano no nim no kɛse. Wɔde din ato so esiane sɛ ɛte sɛ safir bruu nti , nanso te sɛ safir no, safir nso wɔ kɔla afoforo.

Nanso so safir yɛ safir? Dabi, safir ne safir yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsono emu biara koraa a ɛsono ne su koraa.

Nanso, wɔwɔ su ahorow bi a ɛyɛ pɛ, te sɛ abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔde dii dwuma de too abo ahorow din na wɔyɛɛ agude a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ.

Yɛbɛma wo saa nsɛm no nyinaa ne pii a ɛfa sapphirine aboɔden aboɔ agyapadeɛ, nteaseɛ, tumi, ne boɔ, ne nea ɛkeka ho!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Facet-grade sapphirine rough a efi Madagascar

Ɛfa Sapphirine Stone ho

Safirine yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na a ne bo yɛ den fã bi , ɛnte sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo a wɔfrɛ no safir .

Sɛ yɛreka ho asɛm a, nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda safir ne safir ntam? Nsonsonoe kakraa bi wɔ safir ne safir ntam:

• Nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu : Sapphirine yɛ magnesium aluminium silicate, sapphire yɛ corundum ahorow (aluminum oxide).

• Mohs Hardness : Sapphirine hardness di 7.5, sapphire di 9.

• Popularity : Sapphirine yɛ nea wonim no yiye wɔ wɔn a wɔboaboa ano ne wɔn a wɔn ani gye aboɔden abo ho nkutoo mu, sapphire yɛ aboɔden abo a agye din sen biara wɔ wiase no mu biako.

• Ɛho yɛ na : Safir ho yɛ na sɛ aboɔden abo sen safir, ɛwom sɛ safir bo yɛ den de.

• Kɔla : Abo abien no nyinaa taa yɛ bruu, na ɛwɔ kɔla pii a ɛka bom a bruu nka ho, nanso sapphirine kɔla nkutoo na kɔkɔɔ ka ho. “Safire” kɔkɔɔ bɛyɛ ruby ​​.

Ɛnmmoa adwene a ɛyɛ basaa a ɛne sɛ mfiase no na wɔde asɛmfua “sapphirine” dii dwuma maa biribiara a wɔde safir ayɛ no, nanso yɛbɛkɔ saa asɛm no mu kɛse wɔ Abakɔsɛm ɔfã no mu akyiri yi.

Nanso, sɛ́ nea ɛte sɛ safir no, safir betumi asi aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo no ananmu sɛ September awobo , ayeforohyia afe a ɛto so 5, 45, ne 65 aboɔden abo, ne Taurus ɔbo.

Sɛ sapphirine ankasa yɛ nsoromma mu hwɛ mu aduru a wɔde kyerɛ Gemini ne Virgo nsɛnkyerɛnne.

Wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, dɛn na wɔde sapphirine di dwuma? Ɛnyɛ mfiridwuma mu nneɛma pii te sɛ safir, nanso nyansahufo ayɛ safir a wɔayɛ de ayɛ asase ho nhwehwɛmu.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Sapphirine ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ bruu tuntum a ɛwɔ scapolite kakra a ɛbɛn ne nnyinaso | Mfonini no fi Kelly Nash

Sapphirine Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sapphirine yɛ magnesium aluminium silicate a wɔde yɛ nneɛma. Wobetumi akyerɛw formula no sɛ:

• Mg3.5Al9.0Si1.5O20 (+Fe) anaasɛ

• (Al, Mg) 8 (Al, Si) 6O20 anaa

• (Mg, Al) 8 (Al, Si) 6O20 anaa

• Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] – titiriw ma sapphirine-2M

• (Mg,Al,Fe2+)8[(Al,Si,Fe3+)6O18]O2 – titiriw ma sapphirine-1A

Ɔbo no wɔ polytypes kakraa bi, nanso titiriw no ne sapphirine-2M ne sapphirine-1A (wɔsan kyerɛw sɛ sapphirine-1Tc). Kan no yɛ monoclinic na akyiri yi no yɛ triclinic.

Sapphirine ahwehwɛ betumi ayɛ nea ɛwɔ anhedral, granular, anaa (mpɛn pii no) tabular. Ahwehwɛ no nso tumi yɛ nneɛma a wɔaboaboa ano anaasɛ ɛba sɛ nnua a atrɛw.

Sapphirine mineral no ka sapphirine kuw no ho a addibischoffite, khmaralite, louisfuchsite, ne warkite ka ho. Saa kuw yi wɔ sapphirine supergroup kɛse a serendibite nso wom no mu.

Aboɔden abo a Wɔtaa Yɛ Basaa

Serendibite te sɛ sapphirine koraa, nanso ɛwɔ Mohs hardness a ɛba fam ne refractive indices a ɛba fam.

Wobetumi de sapphirine nso afrafra benitoite , nanso sapphirine wɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ tuntum.

Nanso ɔbo foforo a wɔtaa de sapphirine fra ne idocrase (a wɔfrɛ no vesuvianite), calcium magnesium aluminosilicate. Abo abien no wɔ refractive indices a ɛte saa ara, nanso sapphirine wɔ density a ɛkorɔn sen idocrase. Sapphirine nso wɔ biaxial negative optic character, ɛwom sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a idocrase yɛ anomalously biaxial de.

Sapphirine nneɛma a wɔakyerɛw:

• Mohs denden : 7.5

• Kɔla : Nsuo a ɛyɛ bruu, bruu-akuturuku, ahabammono-akuturuku, fitaa, ahabammono, bruu-ahabammono, bruu-ahabammono, kɔkɔɔ-brown, kɔkɔɔ, kɔkɔɔ, pink, purplish-pink, tuntum, fitaa

• Crystal structure : Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ monoclinic; Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, triclinic

• Luster : Ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ vitreous

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma hann yɛ hyew : 1.701-1.734; Ebetumi de abo kɔla asesa (ɛkorɔn sen biara ma abo a ɛyɛ bruu-ahabammono, mfinimfini ma abo bruu, ɛba fam sen biara ma abo a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-pink)

• Nnipa dodow : 3.40-3.58

• Cleavage : Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi/ohiani wɔ {100}, {001}, ne {010} so.

• Fracture : Conchoidal, ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, anaasɛ subconchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Mpɛn pii no, obiara nni hɔ gye sɛ Tanzania sapphirines kɔkɔɔ - kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ kusuu wɔ LWUV mu & borɔdɔma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ SWUV mu

• Pleochroism : Ɛwɔ hɔ na ɛda nsow, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nipadua kɔla ahorow 3; Pink, kɔkɔɔ, kɔla nnim, bruu a ɛyɛ hann, anaa kɔkɔɔ-ahabammono kosi wim bruu, safir bruu, lavender-blue, anaa bruu-ahabammono kosi wim bruu, safir bruu, anaa bruu tuntum

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.004-0.007

• Apete : 0.019 (ɛyɛ mmerɛw) .

Sapphirine Ahorow Ahorow

Nea ɛnte sɛ safir no, safir nni ahorow du du pii. Nanso, sapphirine ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a egyina efĩ so:

• Sapphirine a ɛwɔ beryllium : Beryllium na ɛwɔ mu; Nneɛma a wɔahyehyɛ no te sɛ khmaralite de no

• Sapphirine a chromium wom : Chromium oxide a ɛkɔ soro kodu ɔha biara mu nkyem 5.5 na ɛwom

Yɛbɛtwe yɛn ho afi mineralogy ho mprempren akɔhyɛ sapphirine fã a ɛyɛ metaphysical no mu!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Brooch. Petersburg, afe 1908-17. Adwumayɛbea a I. Britsyn yɛe. Sapphirine, dwetɛ, enamel. V. Kirichenk nneɛma a wɔaboaboa ano (wɔakyerɛ nkyerɛkyerɛmu ase afi Russia kasa mu) | Mfonini no fi: shakko, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Sapphirine Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Safirine ahwehwɛ wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne kwan so nneɛma pii a ɛte sɛ safir, na egyina hɔ ma adamfofa, nokware, ne ahofama.

Ankorankoro mu no, sapphirine nso yɛ kommyɛ, nneɛma a ɛdɔɔso, ne nea wotumi te ase ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Abakɔsɛm

Germanni aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo ne ɔhwehwɛfo Karl Ludwig (anaasɛ Charles Lewis wɔ Engiresi kasa mu) Giesecke dii kan huu sapphirine wɔ Fiskenæsset hyɛn gyinabea dedaw, Greenland, wɔ 1819. Ohui sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo foforo na ɔfrɛɛ ɔbo blauer no Diamantspath , German kasa mu asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ “blue adamantine [ diamond - . te sɛ luster] spar.”

Germanni nnuruyɛfo Friedrich Stromeyer tintim Giesecke nhwɛsode ahorow ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan wɔ afe koro no ara mu. Mfiase no Stromeyer kyerɛw no “saphirine” nanso ɔsesaa nkyerɛwde no yɛɛ no ​​“sapphirine” wɔ 1821 mu.

Nanso, bere a edi kan a wɔde asɛmfua “sapphirine” dii dwuma no fi 1400 mfe no mu. Ná wɔde ka nneɛma a wɔde safir bruu ayɛ anaa ɛte sɛ nea wɔde safir ayɛ ho asɛm.

Wɔ 1900 mfe no mfiase mu hɔ no, na aboɔden abo ho animdefo nso de “sapphirine” dii dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so maa blue spinel, blue quartz , ne blue chalcedony — titiriw no, tete Helafo, pale blue chalcedony scarab -te sɛ signet nkaa no, afeha a ɛto so 20 tete nneɛma akorae ahorow afrɛ no “sapphirine chalcedony.” ne wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano. (Nhwɛso ahorow a wɔayɛ ho mfonini wɔ ase hɔ)

Ɛno akyi no, aboɔden abo a wɔde sapphirine ayɛ ankasa ayɛ tete agude fɛ, te sɛ Russiafo abɔso a wɔyɛe bɛyɛ 1908 kosi 1917 (mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no). Wɔ 1950 mu no, Wilfrid R. Foster bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔyɛɛ sapphirine a edi kan.

Wɔ afe 2007 mu no, wohuu sapphirine ahwehwɛ kɔkɔɔ a edi kan wɔ Tanzania.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Panagia ne cameo "Ɔbaabun ne Abofra". Cameo - Constantinople, afeha a ɛtɔ so 11-12 awiei, tebea - adwumayɛbea ahorow a ɛwɔ Moscow Kremlin, afeha a ɛto so 17 no mu nkyem abiɛsa mu abien. Sapphirine, sika kɔkɔɔ, amethysts, turquoise, nhwene, enamel, adwini. MMK na ɔkyerɛwee. (Wɔakyerɛ nkyerɛkyerɛmu ase afi Russia kasa mu) | Mfonini no: Mfonini: Wikipedia / Shakko, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: "Sapphirine" chalcedony ahinanan prism, Minoan, bɛyɛ 1900–1600 A.Y.B., Metropolitan Museum Collection | Mfonini no fi: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Ɔmanfo de

Wɔ metaphysical fã no, dɛn ne ayaresa su ahorow a sapphirine wɔ?

Sapphirine Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛtaa yɛ bruu a ɛsa yare no , sapphirine wɔ tumi a ɛma obi dwo na ɛma emu da hɔ te sɛ aboɔden abo bruu .

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nipadua mu no, wogye di sɛ sapphirine sa nsɛm a ɛfa:

• Akyi berɛmo mu yaw

• Anisoadehunu

• Mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu

• Koma mu haw ahorow

• Ntini mu nsɛm

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nkate fam no, wɔkamfo sapphirine kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa yi nsusuwii a epira fi hɔ, na mmom ɛboa wo ma wunya anisɔ, anidaso. Crystal ayaresafo nso kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nkate nkari pɛ na ɛtew awerɛhow so.

Chakra Ayaresa

Chakra ayaresa hwehwɛ sɛ wobue anaa wɔkari pɛ wɔ ahoɔden mfinimfini (chakra) a wɔasiw ano sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ahoɔden betumi asen fa mu bio. Sapphirine yɛ ɔbo a ɛwɔ menewa mu chakra .

Menewa mu chakra no na ɛkyerɛ nokware, ntease, ne nkitahodi kwan. Sɛ wɔasiw ano a, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wɔahyɛ wo so, w’adwene atu afra, na wusuro sɛ wobɛkasa. Chakra a ɛwɔ menewa a ɛbue mu ma wote wo ho ase na woka wo ho ankasa kyerɛ wiase.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Sapphirine ahwehwɛ kɛse a ɛwɔ afã abien, indigo-blue a matrix ahyɛ mu, a efi Dick Jones Collection, a wɔkyerɛw no 1960 anaa 1970 mfe no mu | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.co m – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Sapphirine Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

So safirine som bo? Egyina so. Sɛ nea ɛho yɛ na da nkyɛn a, safirine aboɔden abo bo gyina ne kɔla, sɛnea wɔatwitwa, sɛnea emu da hɔ, ne ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat so.

Ahosuo

Wonim safir, te sɛ safir, yiye sɛ ɛyɛ bruu, a nea ɛka ho ne ɛnne a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi nea ɛyɛ hare ne ɛnne a ɛyɛ ahabammono anaa fitaa a ɛwɔ ase. Bruu a ɛyɛ fɛ sen saa fi dade efĩ dodow a ɛwɔ ɔbo no mu no mu.

Ɛtaa yɛ kɔla bruu, bruu-ahabammono, ahabammono, ahabammono-akuturuku, anaa tuntum nso. Kɔla a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-biribiri, kɔkɔɔ, pink, ne kɔkɔɔ-pink ho yɛ na. Kɔla kɔkɔɔ kosi kɔkɔɔ-pink betumi ayɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse.

Nhwɛsode a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo ho yɛ na dedaw, na dodow no ara yɛ bruu a ɛyɛ fitaa, na ɛma kɔla afoforo ho yɛ na na ebia ɛsom bo kɛse.

Twa

Esiane sɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔayɛ no yiye a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo ho yɛ na nti, sapphirine aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow nso ho yɛ na, na ɛma ɛsom bo kɛse. Wɔtaa twitwa wɔn mu yɛ no standard shapes te sɛ oval brilliant.

Wobetumi atwitwa sapphirines nso ayɛ no cabochons anaa nneɛma a wɔasen.

Ɛda adi pefee

Nea eye ne sɛ, sapphirine ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo dodow no ara wɔ nea emu da hɔ te sɛ aniwa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ biribiara nni hɔ a wotumi hu wɔ aniwa a ɛda hɔ a wɔde ka ho. Ná sapphirine ahwehwɛ kɔkɔɔ a efi Tanzania no nni nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wotumi hu wɔ afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete mu mpo!

Ebia sapphirine aboɔden abo a ɛka ho no wɔ nsu a ɛka ho wɔ abubuw a wɔasa no fã bi, nnade a apete, ne/anaasɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ wimhyɛn no ho.

Wɔahu nso sɛ sapphirine ka aboɔden abo afoforo te sɛ corundum ho.

Wɔ afe 2019 mu no, Gemological Institute of America (GIA) huu subhedral sapphirine crystals a atwa ho ahyia wɔ ruby ​​a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-kɔkɔɔ mu ne sapphirine a ɛte saa ara a ɛka ho wɔ alluvial rubies ne sapphires afoforo a efi Thailand mu.

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Sapphirine aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no yɛ nketewa, mpɛn pii no ne duru nnu carat 3 na mpɛn pii no ne duru nnu carat 1. Carat biara bo kɔ soro kɛse wɔ aboɔden abo a ɛboro carat 1 ho.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Sapphirine ahwehwɛ ne mica ahwehwɛ var. phlogopite (nkyerɛkyerɛmu a wɔakyerɛ ase afi Franse kasa mu) | Mfonini no fi: Géry Parent, Ɔmanfo de

Sapphirine Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Sapphirine taa nam nsakrae a ɛkorɔn a ɛba mmeae a silica nnim, magnesium ne aluminium pii wom so na ɛba, ɛwom sɛ ebinom betumi aba bere a magma reyɛ ahwehwɛ de.

Wohu abotan no wɔ abotan ahorow mu nanso mpɛn pii no wɔ abotan a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ nsakrae anaasɛ xenoliths a aluminium ne magnesium pii wom, a silicon nnim mu. Wohu no nso wɔ granulite, metatroctolites, calc-silicate skarns, quartzite , ne amphibolite facies mu.

Aboɔden abo a wɔtaa de bata ho ne:

• Calcite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Chrysoberyl a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Cordierite a ɔyɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo

• Corundum a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Garnet a wɔfrɛ no Garnet

• Kornerupine na ɔkyerɛwee

• Kyanitefoɔ

• Phlogopite a wɔfrɛ no Phlogopite

• Plagioclase a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu

• Pyroxenes a wɔfrɛ no pyroxenes

• Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

• Scapolite a wɔfrɛ no Scapolite

• Sillimanitefo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Spinel a ɛyɛ den

• Surinamite a ɛwɔ hɔ

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Sapphirine nneɛma a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo dodow no ara fi Sri Lanka ne Madagascar. Nneɛma foforo a wonya fi nneɛma a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo ne:

• Australia

• Canada

• Czechia na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Greenland na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Italy

• Japan

• South Africa

• Sweden

• Tanzania na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Thailand

• UK (Scotland) .

• U.S.A. (Michigan, Minnesota, Utah) na ɛwɔ hɔ.

Afei, sapphirine bo yɛ ahe?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Sapphirine ahwehwɛ a ɛho ntew, ɛyɛ ahinanan, a ɛsensɛn nsu so a ne kɔla yɛ bruu-akuturuku a ɛtaa ba, a wɔde anim a ɛyɛ anammɔn a ɛwɔ nkyɛnkyɛn ayɛ no soronko; Herb Obodda nhwɛsode | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.co m – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Sapphirine Bo & Ne Bo

Ebia ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ safirine a ne bo yɛ den sen biara no yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow.

Mpɛn pii no, sapphirine aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no bo gu ahorow sɛnea ne kɛse te:

• 0.5 kosi 1 carat : Bɛyɛ $300 kosi $600 wɔ carat biara mu

• Carat 1 kosi 5 : $500 kosi $1,000 wɔ carat biara mu

Facet-grade rough crystals bo gu ahorow, efi bɛyɛ dɔla 7 kosi bɛboro dɔla 130 wɔ carat biara mu.

Mpɛn pii no, sapphirine cabochons bo bɛyɛ dɔla 145 wɔ carat biako mu.

Sapphirine Hwɛ ne Ne Siesie

Nea etwa to ne aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so . Nea eye ne sɛ, sapphirine tumi hyɛ yiye paa, na ɛma ɛfata sɛ wɔhyɛ da biara da, a wɔde ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe ahorow ahyɛ mu anaasɛ enni mu .

Wubetumi de ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so a ɛne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, samina a emu nyɛ den, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw asiesie wɔn. Fa sie wɔ ɔkwan soronko so fi aboɔden abo afoforo ho na amma ansɛe.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Facet-grade bruu-ahabammono sapphirine a ɛyɛ den, a wɔansiesie

Wɔde Sapphirine abɔ no?

Ɛwom sɛ ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ safirine te sɛ aboɔden abo a wɔagye din safire no wɔfase de, nanso ɛwɔ n’ankasa su soronko pii. Esiane sɛ sapphirine ho yɛ na a ɛyɛ anigye, kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ, na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ kɛse nti, ebia ɛbɛyɛ aboɔden abo ama wo ara kwa!

Kɔtɔ aboɔden abo a wɔde sapphirine ayɛ nnɛ!