Perthite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Perthite yɛ aboɔden abo bi a wɔde feldspar aboɔden abo abien anaa nea ɛboro saa anyin wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho na ayɛ. Wɔde asɛmfua no nso di dwuma de kyerɛ sɛnea aboɔden abo no te sɛ nea ɛyɛ fɛ.

Kɔla ahorow bɛn na ɛyɛ perthite? Mpɛn pii no, perthites yɛ nea wɔde nhama ayɛ, na ne nnyinaso kɔla yɛ feldspar biako ne nsensanee anaa ntini a ɛyɛ feldspar foforo. Ɔbo no betumi ayɛ kɔla ahorow, nanso ɛtaa yɛ fitaa kosi bruu a wɔde pinkish banding ayɛ. Nhwɛsode soronko bi da optical effects te sɛ iridescence adi.

Aboɔden abo a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobetumi akyekyɛ mu sɛ perthites ne amazonite , nyankontɔn lattice owia abo, ne ɔsram abo . Wɔde perthite pii yɛ abo a wɔde siesie fie.

Ɛnnɛ, yɛbɛkɔ perthite agyapadeɛ, ahodoɔ, abakɔsɛm, ne ne boɔ nyinaa mu!

Mfonini no: Zimbres a wɔfaa no sɛ, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Dɛn Ne Perthite Ɔbo?

Perthite yɛ feldspar bi a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde di dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔfrɛ aboɔden abo no “anperthite.”

Sɛ perthite yɛ adularescent (wɔfrɛ no ɔsram abo anaa adularia) a, wobetumi de adi dwuma sɛ June awobo ne nsoromma mu hwɛ Kokoram ɔbo. Rainbow lattice owia abo a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wobu no sɛ perthite ahorow no yɛ July ne August awobo a wɔde sesa.

Wɔ mfiridwuma mu perthite a wɔde di dwuma ho no, perthite a ɛwɔ mu no fã kɛse yɛ alkali feldspar. Alkali feldspars yɛ papa ma potassium-argon dating ne glazes a wɔyɛ ma ahwehwɛ ne nkuku.

Perthite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Perthite yɛ feldspar mineral kuw a ɛyɛ aluminium tectosilicates a calcium, sodium, ne/anaasɛ potassium wom no fã. Akuw nketewa atitiriw no ne plagioclase ne alkali.

Plagioclase feldspar aboɔden aboɔ fi albite (NaAlSi3O8; sodium awiei fã) kosi anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8; calcium awiei).

Alkali feldspars — a wɔsan frɛ no potassium feldspar anaa K-feldspar — yɛ potassium aluminosilicates a mpɛn pii no efi albite kosi microcline (KAlSi3O8; potassium endmember). Sɛnea wubetumi ahu no, wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, albite wɔ akuw abien no nyinaa mu.

Enti, dɛn ne perthite no mu nneɛma? Perthite yɛ feldspar ahorow pii a ɛnyin wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho. Albite ahwehwɛ soronko ne orthoclase anaa microcline nyin bom. Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ perthite no nyinaa ne (K,Na)AlSi3O8.

Orthoclase anaa microcline taa yɛ ɔyarefo no, bere a albite no taa wɔ hɔ sɛ lamellae a wɔayiyi mu. “Exsolved” kyerɛ sɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ aboɔden abo abien no “yi frafra” na ɛtetew mu, na ɛma aboɔden abo biara nya mmeae soronko. “Lamellae” yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔtaa hu sɛ kɔla a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho.

Lamellae a wɔapete no yɛ nea wɔfrɛ no “perthitic texture” no fã. Nanso dɛn ne perthitic texture?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Ɔfã a ɛyɛ tratraa nhwɛsode a microcline a perthitic texture | Mfonini no fi: Marguliesgm, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Perthite Nsɛm a Wɔahyehyɛ

Wɔ aboɔden abo pɔtee no akyi no, “perthite” anaa “perthitic” betumi akyerɛkyerɛ exsolution biara a ɛwɔ feldspars mu. Wɔ ɔfa biako so no, wɔde wɔn kɛse tetew perthitic textures mu (ɛho pii fa ho a edi hɔ). Ɔkwan foforo so no, perthite betumi anya n’ankasa nwene pii, te sɛ “lamellar” anaa “patchy” intergrowths.

Perthite agyapadeɛ a wɔakyerɛw ni:

• Mohs denden : 6-6.5

• Kɔla : Fitaa, kɔkɔɔ-biribiri, fitaa, enni kɔla, tuntum, pink a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, bruu-ahabammono, bruu, borɔdɔma, kɔkɔɔ; Mpɛn pii no, wɔde kɔla ahorow ahyɛ mu

• Crystal structure : Triclinic anaa monoclinic wɔ afã horow, egyina feldspars a ɛwɔ hɔ so

• Luster : Vitreous anaasɛ ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi kosi nea ɛnyɛ hann, mpɛn pii no ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi

• Nneɛma a ɛma hann yɛ hyew : 1.52201.538; Alkali afã horow no benya RI a ɛba fam, albite & plagioclase benya RI a ɛkorɔn

• Nnipa dodow : 2.55-2.69

• Cleavage : Ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ {001} so, eye/ɛda nsow wɔ {010} so.

• Fracture : Conchoidal, ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, anaasɛ ɛyɛ mpaapaemu

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Ɛtɔ da bi a, fluorescence - bruu ne ahabammono a ɛyɛ nsensanee wɔ LW-UV & SW-UV (Zimbabwe nhwɛsode ahorow) mu .

• Pleochroism : Biara nni hɔ

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.005-0.011

• Apete : Biara nni hɔ

• Nneɛma a ɛkɔ so wɔ aniwa so : Ebia ɛyɛ iridescence, adularescence, aventurescence

Sɛ yɛbubu nneɛma mu kɔ akyiri a, dɛn ne perthites ahorow ahorow no?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: K-feldspar (ntini nketenkete) a ɛwɔ Na-feldspar | Mfonini no fi: Eurico Zimbres, CC-BY-SA-2.5

Perthite Ahorow Ahorow

Perthites ahorow ahorow wɔ hɔ a wobetumi atew mu denam akuw ahorow so. Nsonsonoe a edi kan a ɛho hia ne perthite ne antiperthite.

Enti, nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda perthite ne antiperthite ntam? Ɛfa “ahɔho” feldspar no ho.

Perthites denam Feldspar a Ɔyɛ Ɔhɔho Titiriw So

“Host mineral” ne mineral titiriw, titiriw a ɛyɛ ɔbotan — wɔ eyi mu no, feldspar titiriw. Lamellae no nni tumi kɛse na ɛba wɔ ɔyarefo no akyi. Saa kuw yi wɔ perthites ahorow abiɛsa:

• Nokware Perthite : Alkali ahɔho (orthoclase anaa microcline) a albite lamellae wom

• Antiperthite : Plagioclase ahɔho (albite ne/anaasɛ oligoclase) a orthoclase lamellae ka ho

• Mesoperthite : Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ alkali ne plagioclase feldspars dodow yɛ pɛ

“Nokware” anaa “daa” perthite ne antiperthite nkyerɛwee betumi ayɛ pɛ, na wobetumi ahu nsonsonoe a ɛda saa nkyerɛwee yi mu denam ne kɛse so.

Perthites Sɛnea Nkɔso a Ɛma Nkɔso Ntam Nkitahodi

Perthites ahorow abiɛsa na ɛwɔ hɔ a sɛnea wɔn ntam nyin kɛse anaa ne kɛse tetew mu:

• Macroperthite : Intergrowth yɛ kɛse na wɔde aniwa a ɛda hɔ anaa nsa mfitiase ahwehwɛ na wohu

• Microperthite : Intergrowth yɛ ketewaa bi na sɛ wɔma ɛyɛ kɛse nkutoo na wohu

• Cryptoperthite : Intergrowth sua koraa (submicroscopic) na wɔde microscope anaa X-ray diffraction nkutoo na wohu

Perthites Sɛnea Feldspar Su Ahorow Te

Te sɛ nea mpaapaemu a ɛde besi nnɛ no nnɔɔso no, perthite ahorow bi a ɛtetew mu a egyina feldspars pɔtee a ɛwɔ hɔ no so:

• Perthite : Mpɛn pii no, wɔde albite anaa oligoclase na ɛyɛ microcline

• Orthoclase Perthite : Albite anaa oligoclase a ɛwɔ orthoclase

• Amazonite Perthite : Albite anaa oligoclase a ɛwɔ microcline a ɛyɛ ahabammono (amazonite) .

Sɛ yɛreka amazonite ho asɛm a...

Perthite Aboɔden abo a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma

Aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ mfiridwuma mu “perthites” a wɔbɛkyekyɛ mu no betumi ayɛ anifere kakra, esiane mineral vs texture nkyerɛase ahorow no nti. Nanso sɛ wɔde nkyene bi ka ho a, perthite aboɔden abo no ne:

• Amazonite : Microcline ahorow a ɛyɛ ahabammono; Perthite bere a ɛne albite anaa oligoclase nyin bom no

• Ɔsram abo : Ɛwom sɛ wɔtaa bu no sɛ orthoclase ahorow a albite ntoatoaso sesa de, nanso ɔsram abo betumi ayɛ plagioclase anaa alkali feldspar. Wɔ 1988 mu no, Gemological Institute of America (GIA) kaa sɛnea ɔsram abo afrafra no ho asɛm sɛ ɛwɔ “feldspars a potassium ne sodium pii wom a ɛsesa a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ a ɛyɛ afrafra a wɔfrɛ no microperthite.”

• Rainbow Lattice Sunstone : Orthoclase ahorow a wɔntaa nhu koraa a efi Australia a aventurescence a iron oxide a wɔde ka ho na ɛde ba ne adularescence a wɔbɔ amanneɛ sɛ “exsolution lamellae (cryptoperthite)” na ɛde ba.

Phew, ɛno kata ahorow no nyinaa so. Afei momma yɛnkɔ perthite abakɔsɛm mu!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Rainbow lattice sunstone

Perthite Abakɔsɛm

Wodii kan huu Perthite bɛyɛ afe 1841 mu wɔ Ontario, Canada. Scotlandni-Canada oduruyɛfo ne aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo a ɔnyɛ adwumaden Oduruyɛfo James Wilson na ohui.

Wɔkyerɛ nso sɛ Oduruyɛfo Wilson na ohuu aboɔden abo a wɔfrɛ no wilsonite (a wɔde ne din too so) ne peristerite (albite ahorow bi).

Esiane sɛ wɔde Perth anaa Perth Mantam (a ɛwɔ Ontario nso) din too perthite nti, nhoma pii ka wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnteɛ so sɛ nea wohui no sii wɔ hɔ. Nanso, Oduruyɛfo Wilson huu no ankasa wɔ Burgess Township (mprempren Tay Valley Township), a ɛwɔ bɛyɛ kilomita 8.5 (~akwansin 5) wɔ Perth anafo fam.

Oduruyɛfo Wilson de ne mfitiase nhwɛsode ahorow no kɔmaa Nnuruyɛ ho ɔbenfo bi a ɔwɔ Glasgow Sukuupɔn mu, Oduruyɛfo Thomas Thomson, sɛ ɔnhwehwɛ mu. Thomson tintim aboɔden abo foforo no ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu (a nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ yiye kakra wom) na ɔtoo din “perthite” wɔ 1843 mu, efisɛ na Wilson te Perth.

Efi 1847 kosi 1852 no, Canadani asase ho nimdefo Thomas Sterry Hunt tintim nkrataa abiɛsa a wɔde perthite ho nhwehwɛmu a edi mu kɛse wom. Nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow no, ɔkyerɛw beae no din wɔ akwanhyia mu sɛ Bathurst Township wɔ nkrataa abien mu.

Na microcline wɔ mfitiase perthite nhwɛsode ahorow no mu, nanso wɔfrɛɛ no ​​“orthoclase” mfiase no, efisɛ wɔanka microcline ho asɛm wɔ aban kwan so kosii sɛ Germanni aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo August Breithaupt yɛɛ saa wɔ 1876. Amerikani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo James Dwight Dana sii so dua sɛ microcline wɔ perthite mu wɔ 1882 mu .

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Amazonite cabochon

Perthite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛsa yare a ɛyɛ bruu ne fitaa titiriw no , nea perthite kyerɛ no da sɛnea aboɔden abo fitaa ne bruu tew na ɛma fam , sɛnea ɛte biara no adi. Wobetumi de adi dwuma sɛ chakra ɔbo a wɔde hyehyɛ chakra nyinaa.

Bio nso, wɔkyerɛ sɛ perthite ahwehwɛ boa ma biakoyɛ, mfiase foforo, ne nneɛma pa.

Perthite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Sɛ yɛyi aboɔden abo ahodoɔ no to nkyɛn a — nyankontɔn lattice owia aboɔ, bosome aboɔ, ne amazonite — wɔmfa perthite dodoɔ no ara nni dwuma sɛ aboɔden aboɔ, enti wɔmfa gyinapɛn a wɔde hyɛ mu no nni hɔ. Yɛbɛda so ara akɔ sɛnea nneɛma a ɛtaa ba bo a ɛsom no fa perthite ho, nanso:

• Kɔla : Esiane sɛ perthite pii wɔ kɔla fitaa a ɛyɛ mfonoe kakra nti, ebia nea ɛwɔ kɔla a ɛhyerɛn te sɛ ahabammono anaa kɔkɔɔ no som bo kɛse. Nneɛma a ɛma wohu ade te sɛ adularescence, iridescence, ne aventurescence a ɛwɔ hɔ no nso ma mfaso kɔ soro.

• Cut : Perthite is rarely to never faceted , gye sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo ahorow te sɛ ɔsram abo anaa nyankontɔn lattice owia abo. Perthite dodow no ara yɛ mmerɛw (wɔntwitwaa) anaasɛ wɔatwitwa ayɛ no cabochons ne nhwiren.

• Ne kɛse : Ebia perthites a wɔatwa no bo yɛ den wɔ akɛse mu. Perthite ahwehwɛ biako a ɛso sen biara a wɔayɛ ho asɛm pɛn, a wohuu wɔ South Dakota Hugo Mine no, yɛ anammɔn 35 x anammɔn 15 x ɛkame ayɛ sɛ anammɔn 6.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Perthite a wɔmfa nfrafra (nneɛma a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛnkɔ so pɛpɛɛpɛ) wɔ microcline mu a wɔde cross-hatched (anaa tartan) twinning ka ho. Crossed nicols mfonini, kɛseyɛ 10x (Afuw a wotumi hu = 2mm) | Mfonini no fi: Strekeisen, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Perthite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Perthite minerals ba bere a alkali ne plagioclase feldspar afrafra a ɛyɛ pɛ na ayɛ nwini no dwo nkakrankakra no. Onwini no ma feldspars no tetew (exsolve).

Ɔbotan bɛn na wohu perthite wɔ mu? Perthites abu so wɔ granite pegmatites ne igneous abotan te sɛ dalmation stone ne balgarite mu.

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Wohu perthite nhwɛsode ahorow a wotumi twa wɔ mmeae ahorow wɔ Canada. Nneɛma afoforo a ɛho hia a wonya fi mu ne:

• Arizona, U.S.A., na ɛwɔ hɔ

• South Dakota, U.S.A., na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Zimbabwe na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Norway

Wɔ nneɛma bo so!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ɔsram abo cabochon

Perthite Aboɔden Aboɔ Boɔ & Ne Boɔ

Perthite aboɔden abo dodow no ara a wɔtɔn no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw (wɔntwitwaa) anaasɛ wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ nkutoo.

Wubetumi anya perthites a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛyɛ peach-kɔla, ne kɛse te sɛ nsateaa, a ɛyɛ den a emu biara bɛyɛ $10-$15. Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma a wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ a ɛte saa ara no yɛ dɔla 20 kosi 30.

Ebia nhwɛsode ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ a efi Perth no bɛkɔ soro kakra, na emu biara bɛyɛ dɔla 40 kosi 50.

Wubetumi nso anya perthite kɔnmuade a ɛyɛ fɛ a ne bo bɛyɛ $15.

Perthite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Nea eye ne sɛ, aboɔden abo a wɔde hwɛ perthite no nyɛ den dodo. Nneɛma titiriw a ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho ne ne mpaapaemu a edi mũ, enti yɛkamfo nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛbɔ ho ban ma perthite agude kyerɛ.

Wubetumi de nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, samina a ɛnyɛ den, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw asiesie perthite.

Fa sie wɔ ɔkwan soronko so fi aboɔden abo afoforo ho na amma ansɛe.

So Perthite yɛ Pɛ Ma Wo?

Feldspars pii wɔ hɔ — wɔyɛ mineral a ɛtaa ba wɔ Asase so, ne nyinaa akyi. Perthite de wɔn afrafra fɛfɛ ne nkaebɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ yɛn mu biara nyɛ ade biako pɛ ma.

Kɔtɔ perthite ne aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ fɛ foforo nnɛ!