Paraíba Tourmaline: Nneɛma bo, Agyapade, Nkyerɛase & Mfaso

Paraiba tourmaline yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu kosi ahabammono a wɔsom no esiane ne kɔla a ɛyɛ hyew ne nea ɛyɛ soronko nti. Mfe du du kakraa a atwam no nkutoo na wohuu saa tourmaline ahorow a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi, efi saa bere no, wɔagye din wɔ aman horow so na wɔadi kan wɔ aboɔden abo mu.

So paraiba tourmaline ho yɛ na? Pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛnyɛ sɛ bruu ne tourmaline kɔla a wɔntaa nhu nko, na mmom Paraiba tourmaline nso ka aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu no ho, na ne bo yɛ den a ɛne no hyia.

Dɛn na ɛma paraiba tourmaline yɛ soronko saa, na ne bo yɛ ahe ankasa? Yɛbɛbua saa nsɛmmisa no ne nea ɛkeka ho berɛ a yɛrekɔ paraiba tourmaline aboɔden aboɔ boɔ, nteaseɛ, mfasoɔ, ne abakɔsɛm mu!

Ɛfa Paraíba Tourmaline ho

Paraiba tourmaline yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi , ɛwom sɛ ne ho yɛ na boro aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo daimond de so de . Ne titiriw no, wobu akontaa sɛ wotu paraiba tourmaline biako wɔ diamond 10,000 biara a wotu mu.

So paraiba tourmaline bo yɛ den sen diamond? Ɛtɔ da bi a, nanso egyina diamond no so. Diamond fitaa a ɛyɛ papa a emu duru yɛ carat 5 anaa nea ɛboro saa betumi adu dɔla 68,000 wɔ carat biara mu, bere a paraiba tourmalines a ɛyɛ papa a emu duru yɛ pɛ no betumi adu dɔla 87,000 wɔ carat biara mu.

Sɛ́ tourmaline no, saa aboɔden abo yi yɛ October awobo , Libra zodiac ɔbo , ne ayeforohyia afe a ɛto so 8 abohene. Ɛwom sɛ ne bo yɛ den wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so de, nanso paraiba tourmaline nso betumi asi aquamarine ananmu sɛ March awobo .

Paraíba Tourmaline Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Tourmaline aboɔden abo abusua no yɛ nea ɛyɛ den, na ɛwɔ akuwakuw ne ahorow pii. Aboɔden abo ho animdefo dodow no ara gye tom sɛ Paraiba tourmaline wɔ elbaite ahorow no ase, na ɛka indicolite , rubellite , ne watermelon tourmaline ho sɛ yɛbɛbobɔ kakraa bi din a.

Elbaite tourmaline ahorow ne sodium, lithium, ne aluminium borosilicates. Paraiba tourmaline da nsow wɔ kɔbere a ɛwɔ mu no ho, na ɛde din “cuprian elbaite” ba.

Paraiba tourmaline kakraa bi wɔ mfiridwuma mu wɔ liddicoatite tourmaline ntoatoaso no mu, ɛnyɛ elbaite, ɛwom sɛ eyinom ho yɛ na de. Liddicoatite yɛ tourmaline ahorow a ɛntaa nsi a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛne elbaite yɛ pɛ, nanso calcium si sodium ananmu.

Sɛnea Wobehu Paraiba Tourmaline

Ɔkwan pa a wobɛfa so ahu Paraiba tourmalines ne tourmalines afoforo ne sɛ wode spectroscope bɛhwɛ ne absorption spectrum .

Bere a tourmalines dodow no ara nni diagnostic absorption spectra no, wubehu general absorption wɔ beae a ɛtrɛw a efi ase wɔ 600 nm wɔ Paraiba tourmalines a kɔbere kɛse wom mu.

Sɛ wode loupe di dwuma a, wubetumi nso ahwɛ sɛ facet doubling, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ Paraiba tourmaline birefringence a ɛkorɔn .

Sɛ paraiba tourmaline vs aboɔden abo afoforo te sɛ topaz anaa beryl, wubetumi ahwɛ hardness. Paraiba tourmaline yɛ 7 kosi 7.5 wɔ Mohs mineral hardness scale so , bere a topaz ne beryl yɛ 8.

Wɔabobɔ Paraiba tourmaline aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ ase ha no din:

• Mohs denden : 7-7.5

• Kɔla : Nwininwini a ɛyɛ bruu, ahabammono, ne bruu-ahabammono; Ɛntaa nyɛ violet, purple, anaa pink

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Ahinanan (afã abiɛsa) .

• Luster : Vitreous (ahwehwɛ) kosi resinous

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.603-1.655

• Nnipa dodow : 2.84-3.10

• Cleavage : Biara nni hɔ

• Fracture : Conchoidal anaasɛ ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Ɛtɔ mmere bi a fluorescence wɔ hɔ nanso ɛyɛ mmerɛw

• Pleochroism : Ɛtaa ba bruu-ahabammono/blue & ahabammono a ɛyɛ hann kosi pink kosi kɔkɔɔ/kɔla biara nni mu

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.013-0.024

• Ntrɛwmu : 0.017

• Optical nsunsuanso : Ɛntaa nyɛ chatoyancy, asterism, kɔla-sesa

Bere a wɔakata mineralogy so no, bere aso sɛ yɛdan kɔ ɔbo no metaphysical fã no mu.

Paraíba Tourmaline Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Paraiba tourmaline kɔla ma ɛkanyan po no mu bruu ne ahabammono a ɛyɛ komm, titiriw Caribbean Po a ɛbɛn Brazil no. Wɔ metaphysics mu no, ahwehwɛ no yɛ nkate, adebɔ, ne nyansa ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Abakɔsɛm

Wɔfrɛɛ no ​​“Paraiba Tourmaline Agya,” Brazilni ɔbofo Heitor Dimas Barbosa na odii kan huu ɔbo no wɔ Paraiba wɔ 1989 mu bere a ɔde mfe pii atu pegmatites akyi no. Ade foforo a wohuu wɔ Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil, sii wɔ ɛno akyi bere tiaa bi.

Bere a nhwehwɛmufo hui sɛ kɔbere soronko bi wɔ abo no mu no, agye din kɛse.

Wɔ afe 2000 mu no, wohuu tourmalines a kɔbere wom wɔ Nigeria. Akyiri yi, Afrikani a ɔyɛ aboɔden abo a wɔfrɛ no Moussa Konate huu Afrika Paraiba pii fii Mozambique tourmalines a wɔakyekyɛ mu bɛyɛ afe 2001 mu.

Enti, dɛn na ɛma tourmaline yɛ Paraiba? Ɛwom sɛ edin no fi mfitiase beae a wohuu aboɔden abo no de, nanso mmuae ankasa no da so ara yɛ asɛmti a aboɔden abo ho animdefo gye ho akyinnye kakra.

Aboɔden abo ho animdefo binom frɛ Brazil nneɛma nkutoo sɛ Paraiba, na wɔkyerɛw Afrika nhwɛsode ahorow sɛ “ɛte sɛ Paraiba” anaa “cuprian.” Nanso amanneɛbɔ ahorow a efi aboɔden abo ho adwumayɛbea ahorow a agye din mu no kyerɛkyerɛ Paraiba abo mu denam kɔbere a ɛwɔ mu so sen sɛ ebefi mu aba.

Wiase Nyinaa Agude Fekuw (CIBJO) sii so dua sɛ “Paraiba” yɛ aguadi din a aban de frɛ no wɔ 1999 mu ansa na Afrikafo rehu nneɛma.

Wɔ nneɛma a wohui akyi no, Amanaman Ntam Aboɔden Abo Nnwumayɛbea Nhyiam no sii gyinae sɛ wɔde “Paraiba tourmaline” bedi dwuma wɔ abo no nyinaa ho a baabi a efi mfa ho wɔ afe 2006. Amanaman Ntam Aboɔden abo Nnwuma Nhomakorabea Boayikuw (LMHC) sii gyinaesi no so dua wɔ ɛno akyi bere tiaa bi.

Paraíba Tourmaline Ayaresa Nneɛma

Paraiba tourmalines yɛ abo a etu mpɔn a ɛsa yare . Green Paraiba tourmaline, te sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ ahabammono , de anidaso, anigye, ne anigye ba. Nhwɛsode a ɛyɛ bruu ka aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu afoforo ho ma ɛma adwene mu da hɔ na ɛyɛ komm kɛse.

Bio nso, Paraiba tourmalines yɛ menewa chakra abo akɛse , a ɛma wutumi te wo nokware ase na woda no adi.

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Mfaso a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛwɔ Paraiba tourmaline so no bi ne sɛ ɛboa ma wɔsa:

• Ntini mu yare

• Hay atiridiinini

• Thyroid ho nsɛm

• Aniwa ho haw ahorow

• Menemkuro

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔka sɛ wɔ nkate fam no, Paraiba tourmaline ma adwene ne nkate tu mpɔn. Wogye di sɛ eyi ankasa ho adwenem naayɛ ne adwemmɔne fi hɔ, na ɛma ayaresa yɛ mmerɛw wɔ awaregyae akyi.

Paraíba Tourmaline Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Sɛnea Paraiba tourmaline bo yɛ den no gyina ne kɔla, sɛnea emu da hɔ, sɛnea wɔatwitwa, ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat, nea efi mu ba, ne sɛnea wɔde sa yare no so. Kɔla, hyerɛn, ne nea wɔatwa no ho hia sen biara.

Ahosuo

Nea ɛnte sɛ dade a ɛwɔ bruu kosi bruu-ahabammono a ɛwɔ indicolite mu no akyi no, kɔbere na ɛwɔ Paraiba tourmaline neon bruu ne ahabammono akyi, na ɛma kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ ma kɛse ba. Dade anaa manganese ma ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛwɔ ase. Manganese ka kɔbere bom ma ɛyɛ violet, purple, anaa pink kɔla a wɔntaa nhu.

Neon bruu Paraiba tourmaline ne kɔla a ɛsom bo sen biara, bere a abo a ɛyɛ ahabammono titiriw no bo nyɛ den pii. Paraibas taa nya ɛnne a ɛyɛ mfinimfini ne saturation a ɛkorɔn.

Ɛwom sɛ Paraiba a ɛyɛ pink ne kɔkɔɔ ho yɛ na de, nanso ɛsom bo te sɛ nea ɛyɛ ahabammono anaa bruu.

Paraiba tourmalines binom a wɔntaa nhu na ɛsom bo no kɔla sesa , na ɛsakra fi kɔkɔɔ wɔ hann a ɛyɛ hyew mu kɔ bruu-ahabammono anaa fitaa wɔ hann a ɛyɛ hyew mu.

Ɛda adi pefee

Paraiba tourmaline wɔ Type III kɔla aboɔden abo a emu da hɔ , enti ɛtaa nya nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wotumi hu . Bere a nneɛma a wɔde ka ho no rentew bo no so kɛse no, Paraibas a wɔmfa nka ho no ho yɛ na na ɛsom bo sen biara.

Ade biako a ebetumi aka ho ne kɔbere, a ebetumi ama aboɔden abo no nyinaa ayɛ hyew na ama emu no asi so dua.

Ɛntaa mma sɛ ebia Paraibas benya nsukorade a ɛyɛ tokuru a ɛma hann “nsoromma” a ɛwɔ mframa 4 (aniwa mu tumi a wɔfrɛ no asterism) ba ɔbo no ani. Mpɛn pii no, saa nneɛma a wɔde ka ho yi ma nhwɛsode ahorow no nya hann kwan biako a ɛdannan (a wɔfrɛ no chatoyancy anaa “ɔkraman aniwa” nkɛntɛnso).

Twa

Esiane sɛ nneɛma ho yɛ na na ɛnyɛ den dodo sɛ wobetwitwa tourmalines nti, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Paraiba tourmalines nyinaa wɔ afã horow a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ, a mpɛn pii no egyina oval so. Nneɛma a wɔatwitwa a ɛma ɔbo no hyerɛn na ne kɔla yɛ kɛse yiye no som bo sen biara.

Nneɛma a wɔatwitwa a ne bo nyɛ den no nyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɛnyɛ nea ɛne ne ho hyia, na ɛtaa ma mfɛnsere a wɔde hyɛ mu na ɛnyɛ nea ɛhyerɛn. Ɛsɛ sɛ wotwitwa nhwɛsode ahorow a wɔntaa nhu a chatoyancy anaa asterism wom sɛ cabochons na ama wɔada nkɛntɛnso no adi yiye. Nneɛma pii a wɔde ka ho nso betumi ama Paraiba tourmaline cabochon aba faceted gem so.

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Brazil Paraiba tourmalines taa yɛ carat 1-2 anaa nea ennu saa. Afrika Paraiba aboɔden abo tumi du karat 20.

Paraiba tourmaline bo a wɔbɔ wɔ carat biara mu no taa sesa wɔ carat biako, abien, abiɛsa, du, ne aduonu, a egyina fibea so.

Farebae

Baabi a Paraiba tourmaline fi no betumi anya ne su ne ne bo so nkɛntɛnso. Brazilfo nhwɛsode taa yɛ nea ne bo yɛ den sen biara, na mpɛn pii no ɛwɔ kɔla kɛse nanso emu nna hɔ sua na ne kɛse sua.

Mozambique wɔ Paraiba tourmalines akɛse a ne kɔla yɛ kɛse saa ara na emu da hɔ yiye. Nigeriafo nhwɛsode ahorow no taa nyɛ nea ɛdɔɔso pii na ne bo yɛ den.

Sɛ yɛka ne nyinaa bom a, ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wobɛkyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛda sɛ Paraiba tourmaline bi fi fibea biako vs. foforo — ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nnuru a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛyɛ adwumayɛfo de.

Ayaresa & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Paraiba tourmalines binom fa ɔhyew ne/anaasɛ mframa a ano yɛ den mu de sesa wɔn kɔla. Ɔhyew bɛma kɔla a ɛyɛ tuntum dodo no ayɛ hare anaasɛ ɛbɛma kɔla a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ no ayɛ bruu.

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔyɛ laser drilling anaasɛ fracture filling na ama emu ada hɔ yiye. Saa ayaresa ahorow yi betumi atew ne bo so.

Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ simulan abu so sen Paraiba tourmaline a wɔayɛ. Nneɛma a wɔtaa de yɛ mfonini ne tourmalines afoforo, ahwehwɛ, cubic zirconia , apatite , ne beryl a wɔayɛ.

Paraíba Tourmaline Nkyekyɛmu & Nneɛma a Ɛfiri Hɔ

Paraiba tourmalines a wɔannoa no dodow no ara ba wɔ pegmatite abotan mu, ɛwom sɛ ebinom da adi wɔ alluvial deposits a efi abotan no wim tebea mu ba no mu de.

Sɛnea ɔbo no yɛ soronko efisɛ kɔbere ne/anaasɛ manganese pii a ɛbɛn hɔ na ɛyɛ. Kɔbere nni tourmaline foforo biara mu.

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Mprempren, Paraiba tourmalines fi Brazil, Mozambique, ne Nigeria nkutoo. Paraiba tourmaline a wɔhwehwɛ fi Brazil no ama ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛso atew wɔ mpɔtam hɔ.

Nneɛma bo bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ kwan?

Paraíba Tourmaline Bo & Ne Bo

Paraiba tourmalines yɛ abo a ne bo yɛ den, ɛwom sɛ ebia cabochons ne kɔla ahorow a ɛnyɛ nea nkurɔfo ani gye ho kɛse no bo yɛ den de. Dɛn nti na Paraiba tourmaline bo yɛ den saa? Ɛba fam wɔ nea ɛntaa nsi ne nea wɔhwehwɛ kɛse so.

Nea edi kan no, Brazil Paraiba tourmalines bo:

• 0.20-0.99 carat : $150 kosi $15,500 wɔ carat biara mu

• 1.00-1.99 carats : $550 kosi $30,000 wɔ carat biara mu

• 2.00-2.99 carats : $950 kosi $40,000 wɔ carat biara mu

• 3.00-4.99 carats : $1,100 kosi $55,000 wɔ carat biara mu

• 5+ carats : $3,000 kosi $55,000 wɔ carat biara mu

Afei, Nigeria ne Mozambique Paraiba tourmaline bo a wɔbɔ wɔ carat biara mu no yɛ:

• 0.20-2.99 carats : $70 kosi $5,500 wɔ carat biara mu

• 3.00-4.99 carats : $70 kosi $14,000 wɔ carat biara mu

• 5.00-9.99 carats : $70 kosi $16,000 wɔ carat biara mu

• 10+ carats : $700 kosi $20,000 wɔ carat biara mu

Nea etwa to no, yɛbɛkɔ aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so yiye so .

Paraíba Tourmaline Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Tourmalines yɛ nea ɛyɛ den yiye na eye ma da biara da hyɛ. Ebia wobɛpɛ sɛ wode nhyehyɛe a ɛbɔ wo ho ban ma Paraiba tourmaline ring.

Fa brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ne samina a ɛnyɛ den afra mu tew ɔbo no ho. Mfa mfiri a wɔde tew nneɛma ho (sɛ nhwɛso no, ultrasonic anaa steam) nsiesie efisɛ eyinom betumi ama nsu a wɔde ka ho no atrɛw na ama abubu.

Hyerɛn Te sɛ Po no ne Paraiba Tourmaline!

Ansa na Paraiba tourmalines reba no, na wobu tourmalines sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a “ɛye” ho mfonini ara kwa. Saa ahorow yi ama tourmalines anya agyede bi a ɛfata wɔ wɔn kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ ne mfaso horow a ɛwɔ so no ho.

Nokwarem no, nnipa pii bu Paraiba tourmalines sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛkorɔn ma wɔn a wɔboaboa ano, ne aboɔden abo “akɛse abiɛsa” (ruby, safir, ne emerald.) ka ho.

Sɛ́ ebia wobɛda aboɔden abo no adi wɔ nneɛma a wɔaboaboa ano mu, wode di agoru sɛ w’awobo, anaasɛ wowosow Paraiba tourmaline asomuade bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa kɛkɛ de dannan ti no, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ aboɔden abo yi de hyerɛn bi bɛba w’asetra mu.

Kɔtɔ Paraiba tourmaline aboɔden abo nnɛ!

Paraiba Tourmaline Gemstones

Paraiba Tourmaline Cabochons

Paraiba Tourmaline Rough