Palygorskite: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Palygorskite (wɔbɔ no PAL-ee-GORS-kyte) yɛ dɔte a ɛyɛ nhama a wɔde di dwuma wɔ aguadi mu ahorow. It’s rarely seen as a jewelry gemstone , nanso ɛwɔ mfaso sɛ ɔbo soronko a ɔboaboa ano ne mfiridwuma mu nneɛma.

Wɔsan frɛ aboɔden abo no attapulgite (a edin afoforo ka ho), nanso nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda attapulgite ne palygorskite ntam? Egyina onii a wubebisa no ne bere a wubebisa no so.

Bere bi a atwam no, na wobu palygorskite ne attapulgite sɛ ɛyɛ pɛ koraa nanso ɛsono akwan a wɔfa so yɛ, ahwehwɛ, ne nhama tenten.

Ebinom da so ara di nkyerɛase ahorow yi akyi na mpo wobu attapulgite sɛ palygorskite ketewaa bi. Nanso nyansahufo dodow no ara bu no sɛ nsɛmfua a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ, na wɔde “palygorskite” di kan sɛ aboɔden abo din a ɛfata.

Yɛwɔ monikers pii a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkata so, ne palygorskite a wɔde di dwuma, abakɔsɛm, ne bo, ne agyapade!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Palygorskite a ɛyɛ krataa kɛse a efi Washington, U.S.A. | Mfonini no fi: John Krygier, Public Domain

Ɛfa Palygorskite Ɔbo ho

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde palygorskite (anaa polygorskite) di dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã. Ɛwom sɛ bere bi na wobu palygorskite sɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu de, nanso abu so koraa.

Sɛ attapulgite da nkyɛn a, abodin afoforo a wɔde frɛ palygorskite no bi ne:

• Abotan Nnua

• Bepɔw so Aboa nhoma (ma ntama a nhama a ɛyɛ tan a ɛyɛ tan) .

• Ɔbɔfo Wora Opal

Eyinom yɛ din a ɛnteɛ wɔ mfiridwuma mu, nanso abien a edi kan no da sɛnea palygorskite a ɛyɛ nhama a wɔaboaboa ano a ɛte sɛ atesɛm krataa a ɛyɛ nsu taa pue adi. Nea etwa to no fa “ɔbɔfo ɔbo” ho, na wɔakata so akyiri yi.

Wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, mfaso bɛn na wɔde palygorskite di dwuma?

Palygorskite a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Palygorskite wɔ mfiridwuma mu nneɛma ahorow pii a wɔde di dwuma. Wɔde nea ɛtwetwe, ne mfaso afoforo te sɛ nea ɛtra hɔ kyɛ, nneɛma nketenkete kɛse, ne nea ɛkeka ho adi dwuma wɔ:

• Nsu a wɔde tu fam

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ kɛse

• Mortar & semɛnte a wɔde hyɛ mu

• Nnuru (a ne fã kɛse no ara ko tia akisikuru ne nnuru a ebetumi akum ɛyaw a wɔde gu nipadua no so) .

Hyɛ no nsow: Nnuru taa de asɛmfua “attapulgite” di dwuma mmom.

Palygorskite dɔte pɔtee biako a wɔde di dwuma wɔ “ fuller asase ” mu. Yɛbɛkɔ n’abakɔsɛm mu akyiri yi, nanso ɛnnɛ, wɔde fuller asase a palygorskite wom no di dwuma wɔ:

• Woolen ntama (ɛtwetwe ngo & srade ne fitaa) .

• Ayɛmma nwura

• Fertilizer & nnuru a wɔde kum mmoawa (carrier) .

• Paint, ade a wɔde nkata so, ne plaster (filler) .

• Nnuru a wɔde yɛ ahosiesie (a wɔde sa anim kɔla na ɛtew ti nhwi anaa honam ani) .

• Clothing & equipment decontaminant ma asraafo ne ntɛmpɛ adwumayɛfo

• Marble a wɔde tew nneɛma ho

• Film & television makeup, wardrobe, anaa set (sɛ ɛbɛyɛ sɛ “ɛyɛ fĩ”) ne nneɛma titiriw (te sɛ mfutuma a ɛwɔ ahum ne nneɛma a ɛpae mu) .

Wɔ saa bo a ɛsom no nyinaa akyi no, dɛn na wɔde yɛ palygorskite?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Palygorskite fitaa a ɛte sɛ silika a ɛwɔ dolostone a ɛyɛ abotan so a efi Virginia, U.S.A. | Mfonini no fi: John Krygier, Ɔmanfo de

Palygorskite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sɛ́ magnesium aluminium phyllosilicate (dɔte) aboɔden abo a nsu wom no, palygorskite nnuru a wɔde yɛ no ne (Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)·4H2O. Efĩ a ɛtaa ba ne dade ne potassium.

Sepiolite wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse, na ɛne palygorskite yɛ ntoatoaso. Aboɔden abo ho animdefo binom kyekyɛ palygorskite mu wɔ sepiolite aboɔden abo kuw no mu, nanso palygorskite wɔ n’ankasa kuw. Afoforo a wɔwɔ palygorskite mineral kuw no mu bi ne:

• Tuperssuatsiaite a wɔde di dwuma

• Mframa a wɔfrɛ no Windhoekite

• Mframa bepɔw soni

• Yofortierite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

Ribbon-nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛyɛ silicates a ɛte sɛ amphibole na ɛyɛ palygorskite nhyehyɛe.

Wɔ akyi no, palygorskite betumi aba sɛ ahwehwɛ atenten a wɔaboaboa ano, nhama a anyin wɔ ntam wɔ ntama a ɛyɛ tratraa mu, nhama a ɛyɛ tan a ɛyɛ tan, ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ ketewaa, anaa ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ lath.

Palygorskite agyapade ahorow a wɔakyerɛw:

• Mohs denden : 2-2.5 (a ɛho tew); 4.5 (ɔbɔfo ɔbo) .

• Kɔla : Fitaa, fitaa, pink a ɛyɛ hann, kɔkɔɔ, fitaa-ahabammono

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Monoclinic

• Luster : Dull, waxy, anaa asase

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.522-1.548 (a ɛho tew); Bɛyɛ 1.55 (ɔbɔfo ɔbo) .

• Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den : 2.21-2.60 (a ɛho tew); 2.10-2.60 (ɔbɔfo ɔbo) .

• Cleavage : Ɛda nsow/eye wɔ {110} (a ɛho tew); Obiara nni hɔ (ɔbɔfo ɔbo) .

• Fracture : Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Biara nni hɔ

• Pleochroism : Ɛwɔ kɔla nhwɛsode ahorow mu - kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi kɔkɔɔ-ahabammono a ɛyɛ mmerɛw

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.011-0.020

• Apete : Wonnim

Dɛn ne “ɔbɔfo ɔbo” wɔ nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ no mu? Palygorskite ahorow no mu biako!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Palygorskite ahorow a wɔyɛe ansa na 1850 reba “pilolite”, a wɔsan frɛ no “bepɔw so aboa nhoma” | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.co m – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Palygorskite Ahorow Ahorow

Palygorskite wɔ ahorow bi a egyina efĩ anaa nneɛma titiriw so:

• Mg Palygorskite: Ɛwɔ magnesium; Nea ɛtaa ba

• Mn Palygorskite: Ɛwɔ manganese

• Mn Ferro-palygorskite: Manganese ne dade a ɛyɛ dade a ɛwɔ mu

• Pilolite: Abakɔsɛm mu asɛmfua a wɔde gyina hɔ ma (dodow no ara) palygorskite a dade wom, a kan no na wɔfrɛ no “nhabannuru asbestos” .

Aguadi din nso wɔ hɔ a wɔde frɛ palygorskite a wɔde afra aboɔden abo afoforo, titiriw “ɔbɔfo ɔbo.”

Ɔbɔfo Ɔbo & Pink Opal

“Ɔbɔfo ɔbo” kyerɛ palygorskite a ɛnyɛ hann a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ nketenkete a wɔde silica a ɛnyɛ nsɛ (a ɛnyɛ ahwehwɛ) ahyɛ mu ma. Ɛtaa yɛ pink a ɛyɛ mmerɛw nanso ebetumi ayɛ fitaa anaa kɔkɔɔ.

Silica no ma palygorskite fata kɛse sɛ wɔde aboɔden abo bedi dwuma. Edin foforo a wɔde frɛ no ne “angel skin opal,” nanso eyi yɛ din a ɛnteɛ.

Nanso, wohu palygorskite wɔ opal a wɔtaa de di dwuma a ɛyɛ pink pii mu sɛ nea wɔde ka ho a ɛma wonya wɔn kɔla a ɛyɛ pink.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Pink opal a wɔde palygorskite ayɛ no kɔla

Palygorskite Abakɔsɛm

Palygorskite a edi kan a aban mpanyimfo hui no sii wɔ Tuo a Ɛto so Abien a ɛwɔ Palygorsk Mmepɔw so wɔ Russia no mu. Russiani nhomanimfo T. von Ssaftschenkow (anaa Savchenkov, nkyerɛase ahorow no gu ahorow) tintim nea ohui no wɔ 1862 mu.

Wɔ 1913 mu no, Soviet-Russiani asase ho nimdefo ne aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Alexander Evgenyevich Fersman de beae a Russia wɔ no din too aboɔden abo no so.

Wɔ 1935 mu no, Franseni abotan ho ɔbenfo Jacques de Lapparent nso huu palygorskite wɔ Mormoiron, France, ne Attapulgu mpɔtam a ɛwɔ Georgia, U.S.A. Ɔde beae a etwa to no too din “attapulgite.”

Nanso, palygorskite a wɔde di dwuma no fi mfehaha pii a atwam ni.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Afeha a ɛto so 7 kosi 8 Mayafo a wɔhyɛ ntade a wɔde Mayafo bruu aduru ayɛ | Mfonini no fi: Metropolitan Museum of Art, Public Domain

Tete Mayafo Bluefo

Tete Mayafo ne Aztekfo de palygorskite dii dwuma titiriw de yɛɛ “Maya bruu” aduru. Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ aduru no kyɛ ma ɛyɛ nwonwa, na egyina wim tebea ne nnuru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ano mfe mpempem pii.

Saa aduru bruu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ bruu a wodii kan huu no bɛyɛ afe 500-800 Y.B.

Maya bruu a wɔde dii dwuma ansa na Columbia reba no bi ne:

• Adwinni (mfonini, ahoni, afasu ho mfonini) .

• Ntama a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Mmarahyɛ Bagua

• Painting nipadua & mmeae a wɔde nnipa bɔ afɔre

Wɔ 1500 mfe no mu no, atubrafo asɔredan ne nkokorafie ahorow de maya bruu dii dwuma wɔ wɔn mfonini ahorow mu, na mpɛn pii no wɔyɛɛ Arte Indocristiano (“Indochristian adwinni”) kwan so mfonini ahorow. Cubafo Mayafo bruu a wɔde di dwuma no kɔɔ so kosii 1830 mfe no mu.

Nyansahufo san huu aduru a wɔde yɛ aduru no wɔ 1931. Wɔkyerɛɛ nea ɛwom wɔ 1950 mfe no mu. Wɔ 1993 mu no, Mexiconi abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo ne nnuruyɛfo Constantino Reyes-Valerio tintim aduannoa ho nyansahyɛ bi a wɔde bɛsan ayɛ, na ɛno ma ɔne Europa nyansahufo yɛɛ biako yɛɛ nneɛma a ɛte saa ara te sɛ “Maya Violet.”

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Afeha a ɛto so 18 mu nkyerɛwee a ɛkyerɛ Scotlandfo mmea a wɔde ntama ahyɛ mu ma na wɔreto dwom | Mfonini no fi: www.marariley.net/celtic/scotland.htm , Ɔmanfo de

Fuller Asase so

“Fulling” yɛ anammɔn a wɔde siesie aboa nhoma a ɛfa ntama a wɔde aboa nhoma ayɛ a wɔbɛhohoro na wɔatwitwa so ma ayɛ mmerɛw, wɔawie, na nsu ntumi nkɔ mu. Adeyɛ yi fi tete na ɛda so ara wɔ hɔ nnɛ.

Abakɔsɛm mu no, na fullers de nsu ne dɔte ahorow a wɔfrɛ no “fuller’s earth” twetwe lanolin (wax), srade, ne ngo a ɛwɔ ntama no mu. Ná wɔtaa de bentonite anaa palygorskite na ɛyɛ dɔte yi. Ná wɔyɛ adwuma nso sɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ fitaa ne nea wɔde yiyi mu.

Efi saa bere no, fuller asase so nneɛma a ɔde di dwuma no trɛwee, na wɔasi so dua wɔ Palygorskite Uses ɔfã no mu kan no.

Palygorskite Ayaresa Nneɛma

As a popularly pink healing stone , palygorskite ne aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ pink te sɛ ɔdɔ a ɛma obi nya ne ho ne gye a wogye tom no kyɛ su ahorow.

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Nea ɛnte sɛ honhom mu ayaresa su a ɛwɔ abo pii mu no, palygorskite wɔ nhwehwɛmu pii a nyansahu gyina akyi a ɛfoa n’ayaresa su te sɛ:

• Aduru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa

• Nea ɛtwetwe awuduru, mmoawa, ne mmoawa a ɛwɔ dwensɔtwaa mu

• Awuduru a wɔde sa yare

• Nnuru a ɛko tia akisikuru

• Wora mu kuru a wɔsa

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔka sɛ wɔ nkate fam no, palygorskite wɔ nneɛma a ɛma obi dwo, ɛma ne ho dwo, na ɛma ahoɔden. Ebia ahwehwɛ no bɛboa wo ma woagye wo ho ne afoforo atom, na ama ɔdɔ ne ayamhyehye ahorow nyinaa ayɛ mmerɛw.

Chakra Ayaresa

Chakra ayaresa hwehwɛ sɛ wobue ahoɔden beae (chakra) a wɔasiw ano. Palygorskite yɛ koma chakra ɔbo .

Koma chakra no wɔ koma no mu (shocker, ɛnte saa?). Ɛdi ɔdɔ, honhom fam nneɛma, ne gye a wogye tom ho nsɛm so. Sɛ wɔasiw ano a, nkate a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi nyɛ hwee, ɔmfa ne ho nyɛ hwee, na ɔtew ne ho fi afoforo ho.

Sɛ wode palygorskite di dwuma a, wubetumi abue wo koma chakra a ɛma honhom, nipadua, ne adwene hyia bere a ɛboa wo ma wubue wo koma ma ɔdɔ, wo ne afoforo di ayamhyehye mu, na wugye asetra mu nkɔso ne ɔhaw ahorow tom no.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Palygorskite fitaa a ɛyɛ nhama ne calcite a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛwɔ matrix a ɛyɛ tumm so | Mfonini no fi: John Krygier, Ɔmanfo de

Palygorskite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Palygorskite aboɔden abo dodow no ara yɛ “abɔfo abo” ahorow na enni gyinapɛn a wɔde hyɛ mu. Yɛbɛda so ara aka sɛnea standard value factors no fa palygorskite ho:

• Kɔla : Palygorskites a ɛwɔ kɔla (pink, yellow, green) betumi de bo a ɛkorɔn asen nea ɛnyɛ pleochroic, fitaa ahorow a wɔmpɛ kɛse.

• Twitwa : Wobetumi atwitwa palygorskite ne “ɔbɔfo ɔbo” ayɛ no adwini, nhwiren, anaa cabochons .

• Ne kɛse : Aboɔden abo a ne kɛse yɛ kɛse ne nea enni dɛm betumi ayɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse.

Afei, ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ palygorskite?

Palygorskite Nkyekyɛm & Nneɛma a Efi Hɔ

Palygorskite ba titiriw bere a magnesium silicate anaa aluminosilicate aboɔden abo mu nsakrae ba no. Ɛyɛ dɔte asase, nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, granite, carbonate abotan, ne serpentines mu. Ɛntaa mma sɛ wohu wɔ po mu nsu a ɛyɛ fĩ mu.

Aboɔden abo a wɔtaa de bata ho ne:

• Calcite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Dolomite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Axinite-(Fe) a ɛwɔ hɔ no.

• Mimetite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Ɔkasa

• Chlorite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

• Chalcedony na ɔyɛ ɔmanpanyin

• Opal na ɔkyerɛwee

• Montmorillonite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Chalcophanifo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Epidote a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Orthoclase a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm

Afei, wɔ asase ho nsɛm mu no, ɛhe na metumi anya palygorskite?

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Aboɔden abo no atrɛw wɔ wiase nyinaa, nanso “ɔbɔfo ɔbo” no fi Mexico ne Peru titiriw.

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛda nsow a wonya palygorskite ne:

• U.S.A. (Florida, Georgia, Virginia, Washington) na ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ.

• England

• France

• Morocco na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Russia

• Scotland

Sika a wɔde asie a mfaso wɔ so wɔ mfiridwuma mu no dodow no ara wɔ:

• Brazil

• China

• India

• Russia

• Senegal

• Spain

• USA

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Calcite ahwehwɛ a enni kɔla a ɛtoatoa so a wɔde palygorskite a ɛte sɛ krataa | Mfonini no fi: John Krygier, Ɔmanfo de

Palygorskite Bo & Ne Bo

Palygorskite dɔte a wɔtɔn no bo yɛ mmerɛw yiye, na ne bo bɛyɛ dɔla 12 kosi 50 wɔ nkaribo biako mu.

Palygorskite aboɔden abo dodow no ara yɛ abɔfo abo anaa pink opal. Ɔbɔfo abo a ɛyɛ pink a ɛyɛ den no fi bɛyɛ dɔla 40 kosi dɔla 900, na dodow no ara nnu dɔla 100.

Palygorskite rough fi $15 kosi $45 anaa $100 kosi $630 anaa nea ɛboro saa sɛ ɛbata calcite ho a.

Wɔ yɛn Opal Auctions site , pink opal bo yɛ bɛyɛ:

• Faceted : $60 kosi $100 wɔ carat biara mu

• Cabochons : $1 wɔ carat biara mu

• Rough : $0.10 kosi $0.20 wɔ carat biara mu

Wubetumi nso ahu opal palygorskite nhwiren a ɛyɛ pink a ne bo bɛyɛ nea ennu $1 wɔ carat biara ho.

Palygorskite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Nea etwa to ne aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so . Palygorskite yɛ mmerɛw koraa, enti hwɛ yiye na woakwati sɛ wobɛtwetwe na wode nneɛma a ɛbɔ ho ban di dwuma wɔ agude so.

Wubetumi de ntama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde microfiber ayɛ ahohoro ho.

Fa sie wɔ baabi a ɛda nsow wɔ aboɔden abo afoforo ho wɔ baabi a nsu biara nni mu.

Wopɛ sɛ Wonya Palygorskite Pal?

Ɛwɔ din a ɛyɛ funky, nanso mfaso wɔ saa aboɔden abo yi so wɔ akwan pii so, a opals fɛfɛ a ɛyɛ pink ne “abɔfo abo” sɛ ɔhokafo a ɛhyerɛn ka ho!

Kɔtɔ palygorskite ne aboɔden abo afoforo nnɛ!