Nepheline Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Nepheline (neff-uh-leen) yɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ feldspar a ɛreyɛ nea ɛho hia kɛse wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu. Wonim ɔbo no yiye sɛ ɛyɛ nepheline syenite abotan a wohu aboɔden abo afoforo pii wɔ mu no fã titiriw.

So nepheline yɛ aboɔden abo ? Yiw, ɛwom sɛ nepheline aboɔden abo a wɔatwitwa ho yɛ na efisɛ ɔbo no ntaa nyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ anim.

Nea ɛka aboɔden abo te sɛ ammolite ne sodalite , ho no, baabi a eye sen biara a wobetumi anya nepheline a ɛyɛ papa ne Great White North: Canada!

W’ani gye ho? Bra bere a yɛrehu nepheline abakɔsɛm, n’agyapade, ayaresa tumi, ne nea ɛkeka ho no!

Nepheline Stone ho asɛm

Nepheline, anaa nephelite, yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛho hia a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde di dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi . Ɛtaa yɛ fitaa, kɔkɔɔ, anaa fitaa. Sɛ nephelite da nkyɛn a, nsɛmfua afoforo a ɛne nepheline hyia no bi ne:

• Gieseckit na ɔkyerɛwee

• Sommitefo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Oelstein na ɔkyerɛwee

• Carolinitefo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Cavolinite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Beaudantine na ɔkyerɛwee

• Fatstone a ɛyɛ srade

• Ɔbo a wɔde ngo ayɛ

Bere a ɛnyɛ zodiac ɔbo anaa awobo no, nepheline yɛ nsoromma bo foforo a wɔde si ɔsram ne Venus ananmu.

Nepheline a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Nepheline a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu no atrɛw sen aboɔden abo a wɔde di dwuma. Nea eye ne sɛ, saa application ahorow yi pii boa ma wɔko tia wim nsakrae!

Enti, dɛn na wɔde nepheline di dwuma? Nepheline anaa nepheline-syenite abotan a wɔde di dwuma titiriw ne sɛ ade a ɛsensɛn nsu mu. Nepheline alkalis brɛ afrafrade no nwene ase enti ahoɔden ne bere kakraa bi na ɛho nhia, na ɛtew awuduru a ɛba no so.

Saa agyapade a mfaso wɔ so yi ma nepheline yɛ nea mfaso wɔ so ma wɔde yɛ dɔte te sɛ tiles, sink, tiafi nkuruwa, countertops, ne nea ɛkeka ho.

Wɔ ɔkwan a ɛte saa ara so no, wɔtaa de nepheline di dwuma sɛ ade wɔ adansi mu (sɛ nhwɛso no, nnua, keteke kwan, abo a wɔde ayɛ akwan). Adɛn? Aboɔden abo no kyɛ na ɛko tia wim tebea anaasɛ nsɛe kɛse.

Saa ara nso na nepheline boa ma ahwehwɛ yɛ den na ɛyɛ den denam alumina a ɛde ba afrafra no mu no so. Nepheline reyɛ ade a wɔtaa de si feldspar ananmu wɔ dɔte ne ahwehwɛ mu.

Ade biako foforo a wɔde di dwuma wɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu a wɔde di dwuma wɔ nepheline mu ne paint ahorow mu. Ɛnyɛ sɛ mfonini a wɔde nepheline ayɛ no kura ne kɔla ne ne hyerɛn mu nko na ɛmma wim tebea ntumi nsɛe no nko, na mmom enhia nneɛma a ɛyɛ hu (na ɛnyɛ nea ɛmma nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia) a ɛyɛ hyew pii.

Mfonini no fi: John Sobolewski | Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Tumi krataa a wɔmfa nkɔ

Nepheline Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Nepheline yɛ feldspathoid aboɔden abo te sɛ afghanite, petalite , anaa sodalite. Feldspathoids yɛ tectosilicates a ɛte sɛ feldspar nanso ɛwɔ silica kakraa bi na ɛsono ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe. Ɛwom sɛ dodow no ara ho yɛ na de, nanso nepheline na abu so sen biara.

Dɛn ne nnuru a wɔde yɛ nepheline? Na formula (Na,K)AlSiO4 no ne deɛ wɔgye toom, nanso 2018 updates a ɛfiri International Mineralogical Association no kaa sɛ potassium (K) ho hia ma mineral no. Fomula a wɔayɛ no foforo ne Na3K(Al4Si4O16).

Sodium ne potassium nsusuwii a eye sen biara ne 3:1 wɔ nepheline nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ aluminosilicate nkaa a ɛka bom no mu. Ebia nepheline wɔ potassium oxide ɔha biara mu nkyem 3-12, ɛwom sɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 8 na eye sen biara de.

Mpɛn pii no, nepheline yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ granular. Ahwehwɛ ho yɛ na na efi ntiantiaa ne ntini a ɛyɛ den so kosi akɛse so, na ne nyinaa yɛ prismatic.

Nea etwa to no, nepheline optical properties yɛ soronko wɔ satellite reflections a wɔda no adi no mu. Eyinom yɛ mmeae a diffraction (hann a ɛkotow twa ade bi ano) yɛ mmerɛw, na ɛtwa mmeae a ɛhyerɛn kɛse ho hyia.

Nepheline mineral ahorow a aka no wɔ ase ha:

• Mohs denden : 5.5-6

• Kɔla : Enni kɔla, fitaa, fitaa, bruu, kɔkɔɔ a emu dɔ, kɔkɔɔ-biribiri, kɔkɔɔ, bruu, ahabammono

• Crystal nhyehyɛe : Ɛyɛ ahinanan

• Luster : Vitreous (ahwehwɛ) kosi srade; Waxy anaasɛ resinous (eleolite) .

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.52-1.54

• Nnipa dodow : 2.55-2.66

• Cleavage : Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee/Ohiani wɔ [1010] so.

• Akisikuru : Subconchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Fluorescence wɔ locale bi mu nhwɛsode ahorow mu - Bruu a ɛyɛ hann (Germany) & borɔdɔma (Ontario) wɔ LW-UV mu

• Nneɛma a ɛwɔ aniwa so : Satellite so nsunsuanso; Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, chatoyancy

Nepheline Ahorow Ahorow

Nepheline wɔ ahorow abien: elaeolite ne glassy nepheline (anaa eleolite).

Elaeolite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

Elaeolite yɛ nepheline a ɛyɛ fitaa, ahabammono, bruu, anaa kɔkɔɔ a wɔtaa hu wɔ ahwehwɛ akɛse anaa ahwehwɛ akɛse mu. Ɛwɔ srade a ɛhyerɛn na ɛtaa yɛ nea wontumi nhu.

Nneɛma nketenkete pii a wɔde nneɛma a ɛka ho ahyɛ mu ma, a ɛbɛyɛ sɛ hornblende anaa augite, na ɛde hyerɛn ne kɔla no ba. Ebia nneɛma a wɔde ka ho no bɛma chatoyancy (“ɔkraman aniwa” nkɛntɛnso no aba).

Ɛnyɛ aboɔden abo ho animdefo nyinaa na wogye tom sɛ elaeolite yɛ soronko, nanso wobuu no kɛse sɛ ɛyɛ biako wɔ 1800 mfe no nyinaa mu.

Eleolite anaa Glassy Nepheline a ɛyɛ fɛ

Eleolite, anaa “ahwehwɛ nepheline” yɛ nepheline bi a ɛyɛ hann na ɛyɛ kɛse. Ɛtaa yɛ nea enni kɔla a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ anaa ahabammono. Luster no betumi ayɛ vitreous, waxy, anaa resinous. Saa ahorow yi yɛ ahwehwɛ nketewa anaa aburow, na wohu nea eye sen biara wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn Vesuvius, Italy.

Mfonini no fi: Nepheline syenite a ofi Pennsylvaniani a ofi Maine, U.S.A. (baguam ɔyɛkyerɛ, Asase Ho Adesua Dwumadibea, Wittenberg Sukuupɔn, Springfield, Ohio, U.S.A.) | Flickr a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm

Nepheline Syenite na ɔkyerɛwee

Nepheline syenite nyɛ mineral nanso ɛyɛ abotan bi a wɔtaa ka ho asɛm ka nepheline ho.

Saa plutonic igneous abotan yi yɛ ahwehwɛ (holocrystalline) koraa na ɛyɛ mmerɛw, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ pink anaa fitaa ɛwom sɛ ebi yɛ ahabammono tuntum de.

Abotan titiriw a ɛwɔ abotan yi mu ne nepheline, sodalite, ne alkali feldspar, a mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ orthoclase . Nneɛma a ɛto so abien a ebetumi aba sɛ wohu wɔ nepheline syenite mu no bi ne apatite ne magnetite .

Nepheline ne Quartz ntam asɛm

Nepheline a enni kɔla betumi ayɛ te sɛ quartz , efisɛ abien no nyinaa wɔ refractive index a ɛba fam ne refraction mmɔho abien a ɛyɛ mmerɛw .

Enti, wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu quartz afi nepheline mu?

Sɛ wode microscope di dwuma a, wubetumi ahwɛ optic sɛnkyerɛnne no — nepheline sɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ bɔne bere a quartz sɛnkyerɛnne no yɛ papa.

Nsonsonoe foforo ne sɛnea ɛyɛ den. Quartz di 7 wɔ Mohs mineral hardness scale , bere a nepheline di 5.5 kosi 6. Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ den 6.5 te sɛ dade fael/needle anaa spodumene bɛtwetwe nepheline nanso ɛnyɛ quartz.

Nepheline Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Nepheline yɛ adiyisɛm, nokorɛ, ne ankasa ho nimdeɛ ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Edin “nepheline” no fi Hela nephele , a ɛkyerɛ “mununkum” mu. Ɛwom sɛ nea enti a ɛte saa no yɛ nyansahu mu de kɛse de, nanso na wobetumi akyerɛ abusuabɔ yi ase wɔ metaphysics kwan so nso. Mununkum yɛ ahintasɛm, anyame, ne adaeso ho sɛnkyerɛnne, enti nepheline nso betumi anya saa ntease ahorow yi.

Abakɔsɛm

Franseni aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo René Just Haüy paw edin “nepheline” maa Italiafo aboɔden abo foforo no wɔ 1801. Nea ɛkyerɛ “mununkum” no da su a nepheline wɔ sɛ ɛbɛyɛ mununkum anaasɛ ɛbɛyɛ kusuu bere a wɔde ahyɛ acid mu no adi.

Afei nso wɔ 1801 mu no, Denmarkni abɔde ho nimdefo Heinrich C. F. Schumacher yɛɛ nepheline nhwɛsode ahorow a efi Norway ho nhwehwɛmu na ɔtoo din “gabbronite,” ɛwom sɛ mprempren gabbronite yɛ din a wɔde frɛ scapolite ahorow bi de.

Wɔ 1809 mu no, Germanni nnuruyɛfo Martin Heinrich Klaproth ne aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Dietrich Ludwig Gustav Karsten nso yɛɛ nepheline a efi Norway mu nhwehwɛmu. Wɔde Hela asɛmfua élaion , a ɛkyerɛ “ngo” a ɛyɛ srade a ɛhyerɛn no din too dua no din “elaeolite.”

Canadafo a wotu fam no huu nepheline wɔ Havelock mpɔtam hɔ wɔ 1890 mfe no mu. Wofii ase tutuu fam wɔ 1932 mu, bere a wɔde Ontario Blue Mountain atuo sii hɔ no. Nkakrankakra ɛbɛyɛɛ Canada adwuma a ɛyɛ adwuma koraa.

Wokae saa mfiridwuma mu nneɛma a yɛde di dwuma a yɛkaa ho asɛm no? Canada na edii kan de nepheline syenite dii dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu yɛɛ nkuku ne ahwehwɛ. Bere tenten no, na wɔn nkutoo ne wɔn a wɔyɛ nneɛma wɔ wiase nyinaa.

Ɛnnɛ, wɔn nepheline syenite a wɔyɛ no bɛyɛ nkyem abiɛsa mu abien kɔ ahwehwɛ a wɔde yɛ fiberglass, nkuku, ne nnua a wɔde yɛ mfɛnsere anaa apon ho.

Afei momma yɛnhwɛ nepheline a ɛhyerɛn no akyi nkyerɛ ne metaphysical su ahorow!

Mfonini no fi: Kelly Nash | Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Tumi krataa a wɔmfa nkɔ

Nepheline Ayaresa Nneɛma

Aboɔden abo nyinaa betumi ayɛ aboɔden abo soronko a ɛwɔ su ahorow a ɛbata wɔn wosow ne wɔn kɔla ho. Nepheline kɔla a wɔtaa de di dwuma ne fitaa, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛho tew na ɛma ɛyɛ kɛse te sɛ aboɔden abo fitaa afoforo .

Kɔkɔɔ ne fitaa nso yɛ nnyigyei a wɔtaa de di dwuma wɔ ase. Enti, nepheline yɛ chakra ɔbo ma grounding root chakra ne creativity-boosting sacral chakra nyinaa.

Nneɛma afoforo bi a wɔkyerɛ sɛ nepheline sa yare no bi ne sɛ ɛboa ma:

• Tew adwennwen so

• Hyɛ nna pa ne dae bɔne kakraa bi ho nkuran

• Dwudwo abufuw ano

• Ma obu a obi wɔ ma ne ho ne ne ho a obehu no nkɔ anim

• Ma adebɔ ho nimdeɛ nkɔ anim

• Gyae wo fi awerɛhow bere bi mu

Afei, yɛbɛka nneɛma bi a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwehwɛ bere a worehwehwɛ nepheline a wɔtɔn mu no ho asɛm.

Nepheline Aboɔden Aboɔ Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Ɛwom sɛ nepheline aboɔden abo nyɛ super common de, nanso wɔda so ara de graded te sɛ aboɔden abo dodow no ara, a egyina kɔla, twa, pefeeyɛ, ne carat mu duru so. Wɔ aseɛ ha yi, yɛde saa agyapadeɛ yi mu biara ho nsɛm tiawa bɛma:

• Kɔla : Dodow no ara nni kɔla anaasɛ fitaa a ɛwɔ ase yɛ fitaa anaa kɔkɔɔ. Ebia magnesium a ɛho ntew na ɛma kɔla a ɛyɛ fitaa no. Ebia kɔla ahorow a emu dɔ anaa ɛyɛ anigye te sɛ kɔkɔɔ-biribiri, ahabammono, anaa bruu bɛyɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse.

• Twitwa : Ebia nepheline a ɛda adi no yɛ faceted , ɛwom sɛ saa aboɔden abo yi ho yɛ na de. Ɛsɛ sɛ wotwitwa chatoyant elaeolite en cabochon na ama wɔada ne “ɔkraman aniwa” adi.

• Ɛda adi pefee : Nneɛma a wɔde ka elaeolite ho no abu so, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛma chatoyancy ba. Ebia nepheline wɔ nneɛma a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ anaasɛ akisikuru a ɛyɛ fã bi asa, nanso sɛ enni nneɛma a ɛka ho a, ɛsom bo kɛse.

• Carat Weight : Faceted gems yɛ 1-2 carats pɛ sɛ ɛboro so a. Nepheline cabochons no kɛse gu ahorow. Canada ahwehwɛ tenten tumi du nsateakwaa 15 (sentimita 38.1).

Nyansahufo ayɛ nepheline a wɔayɛ, nanso wɔmfa nni dwuma wɔ agude mu.

Kɔkɔbɔ biako a ɛho hia ma adetɔfo : Ebay adetɔnfo a wɔtɔn aragonite sɛ nepheline no akɔ soro. Sɛ wuhu ahwehwɛ akuwakuw a ɛwɔ afã asia a efi China a wɔakyerɛw kɔla a ɛyɛ borɔdɔma kosi bruu sɛ nepheline a, wɔrebɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛdaadaa wo.

Sɛ yɛsan kɔ asɛm ankasa no so a, ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔhyehyɛ nepheline?

Mfonini no fi: James St. John, Nepheline syenite (Ice River Complex, Mississippi Mfiase; British Columbia anafo fam apuei, Canada) | Flickr a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm

Nepheline Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa na nepheline ba wɔ abotan a ogya wom a efi magma a silica kakraa bi na ɛwom mu na ɛbae no mu. Abotan a ɛtaa ba ne nepheline syenites, phonolite, ne foidite.

Glassy nephelines betumi aba sɛ ahwehwɛ wɔ lava nketewa mu. Wohu elaeolite wɔ abotan dedaw mu.

Abotan a nepheline wom kuw kɛse no te Kola Po so wɔ Russia. Sɛ yɛreka ho asɛm a, ɛhe na wohu nepheline?

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Wohu nepheline wɔ wiase nyinaa, nanso mpɔtam dodow no ara ntumi nnya pii. Ade biako a ɛka ho ne Ontario, Canada, baabi a wotu nneɛma a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛho tew pii no.

Afghanistan yɛ nepheline beae foforo a ɛwɔ wiase nyinaa. Maine, U.S.A., ho hia ma nepheline a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ, bere a Norway ho hia ma elaeolite.

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛda nsow a wonya nepheline ne:

• China

• Finland na ɛwɔ hɔ

• France

• Germany

• Greenland na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Italy

• Myanmar na ɛwɔ hɔ

• North & South Korea na ɛwɔ hɔ

• U.S.A. (Arkansas, Maine) na ɛwɔ hɔ.

Ansa na yɛbɛwie no, nepheline bo yɛ ahe?

Nepheline Bo & Ne Bo

Nepheline a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a ɛwɔ afã horow a wɔde kɔla kɔkɔɔ ayɛ no betumi adu dɔla 800 wɔ carat biara mu efisɛ wɔn ho yɛ na yiye. Nanso, nepheline ne aboɔden abo afoforo a wɔaka abom, a wɔaka abom no, bo nyɛ den koraa.

Nepheline a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-biribiri ne fitaa a nsu ka ho no fi $20-$30 wɔ carat biara mu. Aboɔden abo a biotite ka ho no taa yɛ $15-$20 wɔ carat biara mu.

Mpɛn pii no, cabochons yɛ $2-$5 wɔ carat biara mu. Nepheline abo a wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ a wɔde aegirine ne eudialyte afra no bo yɛ den, bɛyɛ $150-$200 wɔ carat biara mu. Nepheline ahwehwɛ a ɛho tew, a wɔannoa no, gu ahorow kɛse fi bɛyɛ dɔla 12 kosi dɔla 900.

Nea etwa to no, yɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ wo aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so ho ade !

Nepheline Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Nepheline mfinimfini hardness kyerɛ sɛ ebia wobɛpɛ ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe wɔ agude a ɛyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ nepheline nkaa so. Mfa nhyɛ bere a woreyɛ dwumadi ahorow a ɛtaa ba no.

Fa samina a ɛnyɛ den, nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw hohoro nepheline ho. Fa ntama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a mfutuma nnim na ɛyow. Fa sie wɔ ɔkwan soronko so fi aboɔden abo afoforo ho. Ma ɔbo no ntra baabi a acid ntumi nkɔ mu.

Fa Nepheline Nnu Wo Honhom!

Sɛ́ mfiridwuma mu aboɔden abo no, bere kɔ so no, nepheline agye din kɛse. Ɛwom sɛ ɛnyɛ nea nkurɔfo ani gye ho te sɛ aboɔden abo de, nanso saa ahwehwɛ yi yɛ honhom fam adwinnade a wɔde yɛ mmerante ne mmabaa foforo na wɔyɛ adebɔ!

Kɔtɔ aboɔden abo ne aboɔden abo soronko nnɛ!