Ludlamite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Ludlamite yɛ aboɔden abo a wɔboaboa ano a wonnim no pii a wohu no kɛse wɔ kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛyɛ ahabammono, efi apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so kosi emerald so. Ɛtaa de bata mineral vivianite a ɛte saa ara ho.

Ɛmfa ho ne kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ fɛ, ɛhyerɛn, na ɛyɛ abɔde mu ahwehwɛ su no, wonnim ludlamite koraa esiane sɛ ɛho yɛ na nti.

Ludlamite ho yɛ na dɛn? Aboɔden abo no ho yɛ na dedaw, nanso ludlamite ahwehwɛ a ɛsõ na wotumi twitwa ma ɛbɛyɛ aboɔden abo mpo ho yɛ na. Facetable ludlamite nneɛma dodow no ara fi mpɔtam a efi saa bere no wɔato mu, na ɛma ɛyɛ den mpo sɛ wobenya. Mmeae kakraa bi pɛ na wɔyɛ ludlamite ahwehwɛ akɛse mpo.

Nanso ludlamite wɔ nneɛma pii a ɛtwetwe adwene, a yɛbɛka ho asɛm wɔ akwankyerɛ yi mu bere a yɛhyɛ wo ma wɔ ludlamite su, ne bo, abakɔsɛm, mfaso horow, ne nea ɛkeka ho no!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Mexicofo ludlamite a agye din a wohuu wɔ 1980 mfe no mfiase mu hɔ; Joe Budd mfonini | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ludlamite Ɔbo ho asɛm

Ludlamite (wɔbɔ no LUHD-luh-myte) yɛ aboɔden abo a ne bo yɛ fã bi a ɛho yɛ na yiye a wɔde Engiresini aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo bi din too so. Mpɛn pii no, wohu ɔbo no wɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ ahabammono, efi nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw so kosi nea ɛhyerɛn so kosi emerald a emu dɔ so. Wɔ nsoromma mu hwɛ mu no, ludlamite so wɔ mfaso ma Scorpios .

Adin biako pɛ a wɔde frɛ ludlamite ne lehnerite, ɔbo bi a wosusuw sɛ ɛyɛ foforo nanso akyiri yi wɔdaa no adi sɛ ɛne ludlamite yɛ pɛ.

Mpɛn pii no, wɔde ludlamite fra vivianite. N’abien nyinaa yɛ dade phosphates a nsu wom a wohu wɔ mmeae a ɛte saa ara. Nea ɛka ho no, vivianite betumi ayɛ tumm ma ayɛ te sɛ ludlamite a ɛyɛ ahabammono.

Nsonsonoe bi a ɛda ludlamite vs vivianite ntam ne:

Ntrɛwmu: Vivianite nsensanee no nni kɔla anaasɛ fitaa kosi bruu-fitaa, na bere kɔ so no ɛsakra kɔ bruu tuntum anaa bruu; ludlamite wɔ nsensanee a ɛyɛ ahabammono-fitaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

• Ɛho yɛ na : N’abien nyinaa ho yɛ na, nanso vivianite aboɔden abo a wɔatwitwa no ho yɛ na mpo sen ludlamite a wɔatwitwa.

• Kɔla : Vivianite pii yɛ tuntum ma ɛyɛ bruu anaa kɔla tuntum-blue; bruu ho yɛ na mma ludlamite.

• Pleochroism : Vivianite wɔ pleochroism a emu yɛ den; ludlamite nyɛ nea ɛyɛ pleochroic.

• Refractive Index : Vivianite wɔ refractive index a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ 1.569-1.675.

• Density : Vivianite wɔ density a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ 2.64-2.68.

• Hardness : Vivianite wɔ Mohs hardness a ɛba fam a ɛyɛ 1.5 kosi 2.

Sɛ yɛreka ho asɛm a, momma yɛnkɔ ludlamite nneɛma mu nkɔ akyiri.

Ludlamite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sɛ́ dade phosphate a nsu wom no, wɔakyerɛw ludlamite ho nhyehyɛe sɛ Fe3(PO4)2·4H2O anaa Fe2+3(PO4)2·4H2O. Amanaman Ntam Aboɔden abo Fekuw (IMA) na ɛpene ɔkwan a etwa to no so.

Ludlamite mu dodow no ara yɛ iron oxide (bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 50), afei phosphorus pentoxide (bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 30).

Saa aboɔden abo yi wɔ eponymous ludlamite kuw a ɛyɛ nsuo dadeɛ/manganese phosphates/arsenates mu. Ɛyɛ isostructural ne kuw no mufo afoforo: metaswitzerite, sterlinghillite, ne switzerite.

Ludlamite ahwehwɛ betumi ayɛ nea ɛte sɛ pon anaasɛ wedge. Wɔtaa yɛ sɛ druzy , geodes , ne aggregates anaa akuw te sɛ crystal sprays. Bio nso, aboɔden abo no betumi aba sɛ granular masses.

Wɔayɛ ludlamite magnetism ho nhwehwɛmu wɔ nhwehwɛmu pii mu. Mpɛn pii no, ludlamite yɛ diamagnetic a ɛkyerɛ sɛ abɔnten magnetic fields pam no na ɛyɛ emu magnetic field wɔ 180° kwan so a ɛne abɔnten magnetic field no ntam kwan ware.

Ahwehwɛ no bɛyɛ paramagnetic wɔ 298°K (-268.9°C anaa 76.73°F) ne ferromagnetic wɔ 4.2°K (-268.9°C anaa -452.1°F).

Ludlamite agyapade a wɔakyerɛw:

• Mohs denden : 3.5

• Kɔla : Nneɛma a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛhyerɛn, na ɛyɛ tuntum; Nea enni kɔla; Ɛntaa nyɛ bruu

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Monoclinic

• Luster : Vitreous (ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ fɛ); Pearly wɔ {001} mpaapaemu so

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.650-1.697

• Nnipa dodow : 3.12-3.19

• Cleavage : Ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ {001} so, Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi/ohiani wɔ {100} so.

• Akisikuru : Conchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ ahabammono-fitaa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw

• Luminescence : Biara nni hɔ

• Pleochroism : Biara nni hɔ

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.038-0.044

• Dispersion : Ɛyɛ mmerɛw kakra

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ludlamite akuwakuw a wɔaboaboa ano a ahwehwɛ a anyin wɔ wɔn ho wɔn ho, a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo, ngodua-ahabammono wom ho mfonini ketewaa a ɛyɛ fɛ yiye; Dick Jones Nneɛma a Wɔaboaboa Ano | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ludlamite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Sɛ yɛhwɛ ludlamite metaphysical su ahorow a, saa ahwehwɛ yi yɛ nhyɛso, honhom mu nneɛma, ne adwempa ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Ɔbo no kɔla a ɛyɛ ahabammono no nso gyina hɔ ma ankorankoro nyin, mfiase foforo, ne anidaso foforo, titiriw wɔ bere a ɛyɛ sum titiriw wɔ obi asetra mu akyi.

Abakɔsɛm

Engiresini nnuruyɛfo Frederick Field kyerɛw ludlamite ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan wɔ 1877 mu, a egyina nhwɛsode ahorow a efi Wheal Jane (akyiri yi ɛyɛ Falmouth Consolidated Mines fã) a ɛwɔ Cornwall, England, UK so.

Ná nhwɛsode ahorow a Field yɛɛ ho nhwehwɛmu no yɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛwɔ rhombic nsusuwii a wohu wɔ kɔbere-tin ntini mu. Wohuu wɔn wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn quartz , sphalerite , ne pyrite .

Field too aboɔden abo no din “ludlamite” de hyɛɛ Engiresini aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo ne aboɔden abo a wɔboaboa ano Henry Ludlam a ɔyɛ Field adamfo no anuonyam. Sɛnea Field kae no, na Ludlam “ayɛ aboɔden abo ho nyansahu, na ebia na ɔwɔ ankorankoro aboɔden abo a wɔboaboa ano a eye sen biara wɔ Great Britain.”

Engiresini asase ho nimdefo Nevil Story Maskelyne de ludlamite ho nsɛm a ɛfa ahwehwɛ ho mae wɔ mfitiase nkyerɛkyerɛmu no mu.

Wɔ 1925 mu no, Franz Müllbauer bɔɔ aboɔden abo “foforo” bi a efi Bavaria ho amanneɛ. Ɔfrɛɛ no ​​“lehnerite,” nanso Amerikani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Harry Berman bɔɔ amanneɛ wɔ ɛno akyi bere tiaa bi sɛ “lehnerite” ne ludlamite yɛ pɛ.

Ludlamite fibea a ɛto so abien a wonim ne Japan, a wɔbɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ 1912. Nea edi hɔ ne Colombia, a wɔbɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ 1915. New Hampshire bɛyɛɛ Amerikafo a edi kan a wonim sɛ wonya ludlamite fibea wɔ 1947 mu.

Nanso ebia nea wohui a ɛho hia sen biara ne 1949 mu, bere a wɔbɔɔ ludlamite ahwehwɛ a edi kan a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ anim a ɛyɛ fɛ ho amanneɛ fii Idaho, U.S.A., no.

Ludlamite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛyɛ ahabammono titiriw a ɛsa yare no , ludlamite wɔ aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ ahabammono su : ɛma obi yɛ foforo, ɛtwetwe nneɛma pii, na ebue koma no chakra .

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wogye di sɛ ludlamite ahwehwɛ di nsɛm a ɛfa:

• Nnuan a wɔyam

• Migraines / tiyɛ a ɛyɛ yaw

• Mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu

• Koma mu akwahosan

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nkate fam no, wɔka sɛ ludlamite:

• Yi adwemmɔne fi hɔ

• Hyɛ wo nkuran ma gyae biribiara anaa obiara a obesiw wo kwan

• Ma ahotoso a wowɔ no nkɔ anim

• Fa nkate a ɛma wohu ade ho nkuran

• Ma honhom mu nhumu nyɛ mmerɛw

• Ma wotumi yɛ adebɔ kɛse

• Ma nkate mu kari pɛ

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ludlamite ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a efi Idaho, U.S.A. | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ludlamite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Sɛ nea ɛho yɛ na da nkyɛn a, ludlamite bo a ɛsom no nso gyina ne kɔla, ne twitwa, sɛnea emu da hɔ, sɛnea ɛda adi pefee, ne ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat so. Wɔnnyɛ Ludlamite aboɔden abo ho adwuma anaasɛ wɔmfa nneɛma a wɔayɛ .

Ahosuo

Wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, ludlamite betumi ayɛ nea enni kɔla, nanso mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ ahabammono bi. Nhwiren a ɛyɛ ahabammono anaa emerald-ahabammono na wɔpɛ sen biara. Ɛntaa mma sɛ ludlamite betumi ayɛ bruu.

Twa

Esiane sɛ facetable nneɛma ho yɛ na, na yɛrenka mineral no denden a ɛba fam ne mpaapaemu a edi mũ ho asɛm nti, faceted ludlamites ho yɛ na dodo na ɛsom bo.

Mpɛn pii no, ludlamite a wɔtɔn no yɛ nea ɛyɛ den (wɔntwitwaa). Ebia rough a ɛsom bo kɛse ne ludlamite ahwehwɛ akuwakuw, druzy, anaa geodes.

Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee & Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee

Clarity kyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wotumi hu no te , a ebetumi ama aboɔden abo bi a ɛda adi pefee ne ne bo akɔ fam.

Ludlamite a ɛho yɛ na no kyerɛ sɛ pefeeyɛ nyɛ hwee kɛse wɔ ne bo ho, nanso nea ɛda adi kɛse no ho yɛ na na ebetumi akyerɛ sɛ nneɛma bo kɔ soro, titiriw wɔ ludlamites a wɔatwitwa mu.

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Sɛ yɛhwɛ sɛnea nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no ho yɛ na a, ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ ludlamites a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a ɛwɔ afã horow no yɛ nketewa bere nyinaa, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ 1-2 carats max. Dodow no ara yɛ nea ennu carat 1.

Wohu ludlamite ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛda nsow a ne kɛse yɛ kɛse fi mmeae abien pɛ.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ludlamite nhwɛsode a ɛwɔ rosette a ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛhyerɛn, ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ, na ɛyɛ ahabammono; Martin Zinn Nneɛma a Wɔaboaboa Ano | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ludlamite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Ludlamite taa ba bere a phosphate aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw (titiriw) a ɛwɔ granite pegmatites mu no fa nsu mu hyew mu nsakrae mu, na ɛdan ludlamite. Ebetumi nso ayɛ bere a abo a wɔde asie no kɔ oxidation mu no.

Sɛnea ɛte no, wɔtaa hu aboɔden abo no wɔ granite pegmatites a ɛyɛ den ne oxidation mmeae a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo a wɔde asie mu.

Aboɔden abo a wɔtaa de bata ho no bi ne:

• Apatite a wɔde di dwuma

• Fairfieldni a ɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Phosphoferrite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Siderite a wɔde di dwuma

• Triphylite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Nsɛmfua abiɛsa

• Triploidite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Vivianite a ɛyɛ fɛ

• Whitlockite na ɔkyerɛwee

Wɔ asase ho nsɛm mu no, ɛhe na wohu ludlamite?

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Ludlamite nneɛma a eye sen biara a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo no fi Idaho, U.S.A., titiriw Blackbird Mine a ɛwɔ Lemhi Mantam mu no.

Nneɛma foforo a ɛho hia a wonya ludlamite ahwehwɛ ne ne kɛse a ɛyɛ fɛ ne:

• Bolivia

• Brazil

• Canada

• England, UK, na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Germany

• Mexico

• Serbia na ɛwɔ hɔ

• U.S.A. (New Hampshire, South Dakota) na ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ.

Sɛ yɛde fibea ahorow to nkyɛn a, ludlamite bo yɛ ahe?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Mfonini ketewaa bi a ɛwɔ ludlamite ahwehwɛ kuw a ɛyɛ nnam, ɛhyerɛn, ɛyɛ aboɔden abo, a ɛyɛ ahabammono a emu dɔ a ɛwɔ ntoatoaso a efi Bolivia | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ludlamite Bo & Ne Bo

Nneɛma a ne bo yɛ den sen biara a ludlamites betumi apaw ne aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow, esiane sɛ ɛho yɛ na nti.

Faceted ludlamites taa bo bɛyɛ $700 kosi $1,700 wɔ carat biara mu anaasɛ $70 kosi $1,500 ne nyinaa — kae sɛ, emu pii nnu carat 1.

Ludlamite dodow no ara a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw, na ɛsono ne kɛse fi bɛyɛ dɔla 20 kosi bɛboro dɔla 5,200.

Nneɛma a ne bo yɛ den sen biara a wobetumi apaw no taa yɛ nea ɛkorɔn, akɛse, ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛhyerɛn Idaho anaa Brazil ludlamite druzy. Green ludlamite druzy nyinaa fi $45 kosi $5,280.

Nhwɛsode pii yɛ ludlamite a vivianite ka ho. Eyinom fi dɔla 60 kosi dɔla 1,200, na sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, ɛyɛ dɔla 275 kosi dɔla 350.

Wubetumi anya ludlamite ne vivianite ahwehwɛ a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a ɛyɛ den a ne bo bɛyɛ dɔla 40.

Ludlamite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Ludlamite hwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwɛ aboɔden abo yiye . Sɛnea ɛyɛ den na ɛpaapae no ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛtwetwe na abubu esiane ɔhwe a emu yɛ den nti.

Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ludlamite agude biara behia ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe , titiriw nkaa, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ bere ne bere mu nkutoo.

Mma ludlamite nkɔ acid ahorow mu. Afei nso, mfa mfiri nhyehyɛe (sɛ nhwɛso no, ultrasonic, steam) nni dwuma mfa nsiesie. Mmom no, fa ntama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a nwene nnim, nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, ne samina a emu nyɛ den di dwuma de tew ludlamite ho.

Fa sie akyirikyiri fi abo afoforo ho na amma ansɛe.

Ebia Wobɛdɔ Ludlamite?

Ludlamite wɔ pii a ɛkɔ so: kɔla a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛyɛ ahabammono, ɛhyerɛn a ɛhyerɛn, ne ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Nea ɛho yɛ na no de saa atwetwe no ka ho, na ɛma ɛyɛ ade soronko a ɛsom bo ma nneɛma a wɔaboaboa ano biara.

Kɔtɔ ludlamite ne aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ fɛ nnɛ!