Holtite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Holtite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ den wɔ dumortierite kuw a wohuu wɔ afeha a atwam no mu nkutoo no mu. Saa ɔbo yi yɛ nea wonim no kakra wɔ wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano no mu.

So holtite ho yɛ na? Pɛpɛɛpɛ. Aboɔden abo no ankasa ho yɛ na koraa, na aboɔden abo a wɔfrɛ no holtite ho yɛ na araa ma wonnya nhuu bi wɔ gua so.

Holtite su ahorow a ɛda nsow no bi ne ne denden kɛse (a ɛko tia sɛ ɛbɛtwetwe) ne ne nsusuwii a ɛyɛ den a nneɛma a ɛntaa nsi wom, a nneɛma a ɛho yɛ na (REEs) ka ho.

W’ani agye ho de besi nnɛ? Afei bata ho na woahu holtite mineralogy, abakɔsɛm, mfaso horow, ne nea ɛkeka ho nyinaa!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ pinkish-violet a ɛyɛ hare, platy holtite a efi Murmansk Oblast, Russia Federation; Oduruyɛfo Hartel ne Ch. Rewitzer nneɛma a wɔaboaboa ano | Mfonini no fi: David Ayaresabea, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Holtite Ɔbo ho asɛm

Holtite yɛ aboɔden abo a ne bo yɛ fã bi a ɛho yɛ na koraa . Ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ hyew a ne fã kɛse no ara yɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ krim, bruu-kɔla, ngodua ahabammono, russet, anaa ahabammono-brown.

Abodin biako pɛ a wɔde frɛ holtite ne IMA1969-029, ma bere a Amanaman Ntam Aboɔden abo Fekuw (IMA) penee so no.

Aboɔden abo ho animdefo binom kyekyɛ holtite mu abien: holtite I ne holtite II, a ɛsono sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ no kakra.

Ɛde besi nnɛ no, nyansahufo nyɛɛ holtite a wɔde nneɛma ayɛ a wɔde bɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu anaasɛ aboɔden abo.

Holtite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Aluminium, antimony, arsenic, boron, hydrogen, dade, oxygen, silicon, ne tantalum wɔ Holtite mu. Sɛnea ɛte no, ɛwɔ nsusuwii kakraa bi (a ɛyɛ den titiriw). Nnuru a IMA apene so ne (Ta0.60.4)Al6BSi3O18.

Nnuru afoforo a wɔde yɛ holtite ne:

• Al6 (Ta, Sb, Li) [(Si, As) O4] 3 (BO3) (O, OH) 3 + Fe, Be, Ti, Mn, ne Nb

• (Ta0.60.4)Al6BSi3O18 (O,OH)2.25

• (Al, Ta) 7 (Si, Sb) 3 (BO3) O12 (O, OH) 2.25

• (Si2.25Sb0.75) B [AI6 (Al0.43Ta0.270.30) O15 (O, OH) 2.25

• Al6 (Al, Ta) (SiO4, SbO4, AsO4) 3 (BO3) O3

Nea etwa to a yɛabobɔ din wɔ atifi hɔ no ne holtite aduru a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa mfiase no.

Saa nnuru yi bi na ɛma efĩ a ɛtaa ba holtite mu, a emu pii wɔ hɔ: titanium, dade, arsenic, niobium, manganese, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, ne caesium.

Sɛnea yɛkae no: complex!

Holtite mineral no wɔ dumortierite supergroup mu, a wɔakyekyɛ mu ayɛ no dumortierite kuw, szklaryite kuw, ne holtite kuw.

Sɛ holtite, tantalum analogue no da nkyɛn a, holtite kuw no mufo afoforo ne:

• Nioboholtite : Niobium a ɛne holtite ne titanoholtite di nsɛ; IMA nhyehyeɛ (Nb0.60.4)Al6BSi3O18

• Titanoholtite : Titanium a ɛne holtite ne nioboholtite di nsɛ; IMA nhyehyeɛ (Ti0.750.25)Al6BSi3O18

Holtite kuw mu aboɔden abo abiɛsa no nyinaa yɛ orthorhombic.

Nioboholtite ne titanoholtite nyinaa ho yɛ na koraa, ebia ɛho yɛ na mpo sen holtite. Nioboholtite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛto so abien pɛ a wonim (wɔ schiavinatoite akyi) a niobium ne boron wom sɛ nneɛma a ɛho hia wɔ ne nnuru mu.

Wɔ suban ho no, wohu holtite sɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ acicular a ɛyɛ abotan a ɛyɛ den, nnade a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ, anaasɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ blocky ne pseudo-hexagonal.

Holtite Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ:

• Mohs denden : 8.5

• Kɔla : Cream, beige, buff a ɛyɛ hare (ochre kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ bruu), bruu, ngodua ahabammono, ahabammono-biribiri, russet (biribiri kɔkɔɔ-akutu tuntum)

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Orthorhombic

• Luster : Ɛyɛ vitreous anaa resinous; Dull bere a wim tebea asɛe no

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi fã

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.705-1.761

• Nnipa dodow : 3.60-3.90

• Cleavage : Ɛda nsow/eye wɔ {001} so; Ntetewmu a ebetumi aba

• Fracture : Wonnim

• Streak : Fitaa anaa buff a ɛyɛ hare (brownish ochre-kɔla) .

• Luminescence : Fluorescence a ɛwɔ hɔ - borɔdɔma a ɛyɛ kusuu wɔ SW-UV mu, kɔkɔɔ a ɛhyerɛn wɔ LW-UV mu

• Pleochroism : Ɛwɔ hɔ wɔ kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi nea enni kɔla mu

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.015-0.025

• Nneɛma a wɔpetepete : r < v

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Greenbushes ɔtopae a ɛwɔ Australia Atɔe fam no amoa a ɛda hɔ, a wohu fi ɔmanfo beae a wɔhwɛ ɔtopae no so; Wɔfaa no Ɔbɛnem 16th, 2023 | Mfonini no fi: Calistemon, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Holtite Abakɔsɛm

Holtite a edi kan a wohuu no sii wɔ 1900 mfe no mfiase mu hɔ, bere a wohuu nhwɛsode ahorow wɔ Greenbushes Tinfield a ɛwɔ Australia Atɔe fam no.

Wohuu mfitiase nhwɛsode ahorow a wohuu wɔ abotan a ɛwɔ alluvial mu na ne tenten bɛyɛ mm 1 (bɛyɛ nsateakwaa 0.4) no sɛ:

• Prismatic ne ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ nnade a enyin a ɛkata stibiotantalite so

• Ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ nnade anaasɛ asbestiform (ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ tratraa, na ɛware a ɛyɛ nhama a wɔaboaboa ano) a ɛhyɛ tantalite ananmu

• Abotan a ɛte sɛ resin a wɔde ahwehwɛ a ɛte sɛ ade a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ na ayɛ, na pii wɔ benkum te sɛ S

M. W. Pryce a ɔwɔ Aban Nnuruyɛbea a ɛwɔ Perth, Australia no kyerɛw holtite ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan na wotintimii wɔ Mineralogical Magazine mu wɔ 1971 mu.

Ne nkyerɛkyerɛmu no gyina alluvial stibiotantalite nhwɛsode ahorow a wɔde mae wɔ 1937 ne 1943. Nneɛma a wodii kan hwehwɛɛ mu wɔ 1962 mu no bi ne aboɔden abo bi a ɛyɛ fluorescent, a ɛyɛ den soronko a wantumi anhu mfiase no.

Wɔ 1965 mu no, Pryce fii ase suaa aboɔden abo no ho ade na awiei koraa no ohui sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo foforo a ɛne dumortierite wɔ abusuabɔ.

Pryce too aboɔden abo foforo no din “holtite” Harold Edward Holt, kan Australia Ɔmampanyin a ɔyerae wɔ ahintasɛm kwan so bere a na ɔreguare wɔ Cheviot Mpoano wɔ 1967 mu na efi saa bere no wosusuw sɛ wawu no din.

Nioboholtite ne Titanoholtite a wohuu

Wɔ afe 2012 mu no, wohuu nioboholtite ne titanoholtite nyinaa (ne holtite) wɔ “Szklary pegmatite” mu wɔ Lower Silesian Voivodeship a ɛwɔ Poland. Wɔtoo wɔn din sɛ wɔyɛ niobium ne titanium analogues, sɛnea ɛte biara, a ɛyɛ holtite.

Nioboholtite ne titanoholtite nyinaa ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan no, mmarima kuw bi na wotintimii wɔ afe 2013 mu:

• Polandni a ɔyɛ aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Adam Pieczka, .

• Canadani ahwehwɛ ho nimdefo Jim (RJ) Evans, .

• Amerikani a ɔyɛ aboɔden abo ho nhwehwɛmufo Edward S. Grew, 1999.

• Canadani a ɔyɛ aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Lee (LA) Groat, .

• Amerikani nanomineralogist Chi Ma, ne

• Amerikani a ɔyɛ aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo George R. Rossman.

Ɛno ka holtite abakɔsɛm fã no ho asɛm, nanso dɛn na wobetumi de holtite adi dwuma ama wɔ metaphysically?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Harold Edward Holt, kan Australia Ɔmampanyin ne nea ɔtoo holtite | Mfonini no fi: NAA, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Holtite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛtaa sa yare a ne kɔla yɛ cream kosi beige no, nea holtite kyerɛ no da sɛnea aboɔden abo fitaa afoforo tew na ɛma ɛne ne ho hyia no adi .

Holtite abo a ɛyɛ bruu no wɔ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛma fam na ɛbɔ ho ban , bere a holtite ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ ahabammono wɔ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ ahabammono a ɛma ahomegye na ɛma anidaso nya nkɔso .

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wɔ honam fam no, wogye di sɛ holtite di nsɛm a ɛfa:

• Nyinsɛn a wɔde di dwuma

• Nnuan a wɔyam

• Abofono

• Honam ani yare a ɛma obi ho kyere no

• Akisikuru

• Carpal kwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma

• Ahonhono

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wogye di sɛ wɔ nkate fam no, holtite boa ma nkate bɔne te sɛ dadwen, abufuw, anaa abufuw fi hɔ. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛma adwene mu da hɔ na ɛma wotumi yɛ adebɔ, na ɛboa wo ma wugye wo ho a wobɛda no adi tom bere a eyi nkate mu akuru a emu dɔ a ebia ɛresiw wo kwan denam wo ho adwenem naayɛ so no.

Crystal ayaresafo nso kamfo holtite kyerɛ sɛ ɛma ahobammɔ, asase, adwene, ne ahoɔden a wɔde gyina ano.

Chakra Ayaresa

Chakra ayaresa hwehwɛ sɛ wobue anaasɛ wɔkari pɛ wɔ ahoɔden beae pɔtee bi (chakra) a wɔasiw ano. Holtite yɛ chakra ɔbo a wɔde yɛ ntini (anaasɛ nnyinaso) chakra.

Ntini chakra no di ahiade atitiriw te sɛ ahobammɔ ne ne dea so. Sɛ wɔasiw ano a, nkate a ɛne sɛ wontumi nsi pi, dadwen, ne twe a wɔtwe wɔn ho fi afoforo ho no betumi asɔre. Sɛ wode holtite bue a, ebetumi de nkate a ɛfa abusuabɔ, fam, ne pintinn ho aba.

Holtite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Nea ɛnte sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo dodow no ara no, holtite nni grading criteria esiane ne ho yɛ na koraa nti.

Yɛbɛda so ara aka sɛnea standard grading properties no mu biara betumi afa holtite value ho:

• Kɔla : Holtite abo no gu ahorow kɛse wɔ bruu a ɛyɛ hann ne ahabammono mu. Ebia kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ anigye kɛse te sɛ ngodua ahabammono, ne abo a ne kɔla yɛ pɛ, bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔmfa nneɛma bo nkɔ soro.

• Cut : Sɛnea ɛte mprempren no, wonnyaa holtite faceted . Wobetumi atwitwa nneɛma bi ayɛ no cabochons , nanso holtite biara a wɔatwa no ntaa mma. Holtite dodow no ara a wɔtɔn no yɛ rough (wɔntwaa).

• Clarity & Transparency : Holtite crystals a ɛwɔ transparency a ɛkorɔn (ne nea ɛka ho a wotumi hu kakraa bi) bɛsoa bo a ɛkorɔn.

• Carat Mu duru : Holtite cabochons tumi tenten bɛyɛ nsateakwaa 1 (sentimita 2.54). Holtite ahwehwɛ a ɛda nsow dodow no ara tenten bɛyɛ sɛntimita 2 pɛ (bɛyɛ nsateakwaa 0.79).

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Szklary pegmatite baabi a wɔahu holtite; Nkyerɛkyerɛmu: Pegmatite a wɔde afra (a wɔayiyi afi mu) a wɔde tourmalines ne feldspars ayɛ. Szklary a ɛbɛn Ząbkowice Śląskie (nikel a wotu "Marta"). Lower Silesia, Poland (wɔakyerɛ ase afi Poland kasa mu) | Mfonini no fi: Piotr Sosnowski, GNU Tumi krataa a wɔde kyerɛw nkrataa a wontua hwee

Holtite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Wohu Holtite wɔ mmeae kakraa bi a nneɛma a ɛho hia nyinaa wɔ hɔ ma ne hyehyɛ nkutoo. Wɔahu no wɔ pegmatites soronko mu (te sɛ Szklary pegmatite a ɛwɔ Poland), sɛ nea wɔde kata stibiotantalite so, wɔ alluvial tin deposits mu, ne sɛ nea wɔde si tantalite ananmu.

Aboɔden abo a wɔtaa de bata holtite ho ne:

• Nsu ne asase so nneɛma

• Cassiterite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

• Microlite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Nnuru a ɛma nipadua no nya ɔyare mmoawa

• Tantalite a wɔde di dwuma

• Tantite a ɛyɛ fɛ

• Tourmaline a wɔde yɛ aduru

Ɛhɔ na wohu holtite wɔ asase ho nimdeɛ mu, nanso wɔ asase ho nimdeɛ mu no, ɛhe na holtite fi?

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Mprempren, mmeae anan pɛ na wonim a wɔahu holtite wɔ hɔ:

1. Argentina (San Luis Mantam) .

2. Australia (Australia Atɔe Fam) .

3. Poland (Silesian Voivodeship a Ɛwɔ Ase) .

4. Russia (Murmansk Mantam) .

Mmeae a ɛda nsow sen biara ne Australia ne Russia.

Holtite Bo & Ne Bo

Holtite ho yɛ na yiye, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wonhu no da wɔ gua so.

Sɛ ɛda adi a, ɛtaa yɛ holtite sɛ nhwɛsode a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ matrix mu, a mpɛn pii no mineral afoforo ka ho.

Saa nhwɛsode ahorow a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi biara fi dɔla 50 kosi dɔla 125.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Antimony nugget kɛse, ɛyɛ den, ɛho tew - nhwɛsode a ɛkyerɛ awuduru a ɛwɔ holtite | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Holtite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Ɛmfa ho sɛ ɛyɛ den yiye no, holtite ntaa nnya afã bi esiane awuduru a asiane wom a ɛwɔ mfinimfini nti . Saa asiane yi fi arsenic ne nneɛma a ɛho yɛ na te sɛ antimony a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu.

Wɔ arsenic fam no, asiane kɛse a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔde bɛka ho ne sɛ wɔbɛwe. Sɛ wɔnom antimony nso a, ɛyɛ hu, te sɛ antimony mfutuma nhama a wɔhome.

Mpɛn pii no, sɛ obi de ne nsa bɛka abotan anaa abotan a arsenic wom a, ɛnyɛ asiane kɛse, nanso ɛda so ara yɛ papa sɛ wobɛyɛ ahwɛyiye. Di yɛn ahobammɔ ho afotu a ɛfa aboɔden abo a awuduru wom ho dwuma a wodi ho akyi na ma holtite ntwe ne ho mfi obiara a ebia ɔde bɛhyɛ n’anom (te sɛ afieboa anaa mmofra) ho.

Wubetumi ahyɛ holtite agude dwoodwoo a worenhaw wo ho sɛ nneɛma pii bɛtwetwe no, esiane sɛnea ɛyɛ den nti. Nanso sɛ wopɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye kɛse a, fa sie ade a wɔde kyerɛ nneɛma mu.

In terms of gemstone care , ma holtite twe ne ho fi abo afoforo ho na woakwati sɛ wobɛtwetwe aboɔden abo afoforo no. Fa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, samina a ɛnyɛ den, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw hohoro holtite ho.

Ma W’ahoɔden ne Holtite Nhyia!

Ebia Holtite ho yɛ na, nanso eyi de nea ɛtwetwe adwene no ka ho — ne ne formula soronko, kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ hyew, ne metaphysical mfaso horow. Saa ahwehwɛ a ɛma asase, ɛbɔ ho ban, na ɛma ɛne ne ho hyia yi yɛ ɔkwan pa a wɔfa so ma baabiara yɛ asomdwoe sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ yiye biara.

Kɔtɔ holtite ne aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ fɛ pii nnɛ!