Cobaltite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Cobaltite yɛ dade aboɔden abo a wɔde cobalt, sulfur, ne arsenic ayɛ. Wonim no yiye sɛ mfiridwuma mu ade ne aboɔden abo a wɔboaboa ano sen agude abohene.

So cobaltite ho yɛ na? Yep, cobaltite ho yɛ na koraa sɛ aboɔden abo na mpo ɛho yɛ na sɛ aboɔden abo. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wonhu no da wɔ agude mu, ɛwom sɛ ne dade a ɛhyerɛn ne ne kɔla ahorow bi yɛ nea ɛyɛ anigye de.

Kɔla bɛn na ɛwɔ cobaltite mu? Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ fitaa te sɛ dwetɛ, nanso ebetumi nso ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, tuntum-akuturuku, anaa mpo dade fitaa a ɛwɔ ase violet.

Wopɛ sɛ wusua ademude a ɛhyerɛn yi ho ade pii? Bata ho bere a yɛrekɔ cobaltite agyapade, abakɔsɛm, ne bo, mfaso horow, ne nea ɛkeka ho nyinaa mu no!

Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Dɛn Ne Cobaltite Ɔbo?

Cobaltite yɛ dade aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi a wɔde din ahorow frɛ no:

• Cobalt fitaa a ɛhyerɛn

• Cobaltine a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Cobalt ani a wɔde hwɛ ade

• Glanzkobalt / Glanzkobold / Glanzkobaltkies a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ mu

Mmiɛnsa a etwa to no yɛ German kasa mu nsɛmfua ahorow a wɔkyerɛ ase sɛ “kobalt a ɛhyerɛn.”

Twɛn, so cobalt ne cobaltite yɛ ade koro? Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, nanso cobalt wɔ cobaltite mu, na ɛyɛ ne bo a ɛsom wɔ mfiridwuma mu no fã kɛse.

Enti, dɛn na wɔde cobaltite di dwuma?

Cobaltite a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Cobaltite yɛ aboɔden abo titiriw a ɛwɔ cobalt mu no mu biako. Nanso, wɔyɛ cobalt dodow no ara nnɛ sɛ nea efi kɔbere ne nikel a wɔyam mu ba.

Element cobalt no nyɛ super rare, nanso ɛho hia kɛse ma mfuw pii, a akraman a wɔkorɔn te sɛ asraafo ne ɛlɛtrɔnik nnwuma ka ho.

Mprempren, cobalt a wɔde di dwuma kɛse ne batere electrode a wotumi san de hyɛ mu ne superalloys (a wɔtaa de di dwuma wɔ wimhyɛn engine mu).

Cobalt afoforo a wɔde di dwuma no bi ne sɛ wɔyɛ:

• Magnet ahorow a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Ceramics & ahwehwɛ a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Paints, ink & varnish ahorow a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Dade a ɛnyɛ den & magnetic

• Cemented carbides (nneɛma a ɛyɛ den yiye a wɔde di dwuma kɛse de twa) .

• Mfiri a wɔde kyere ɔdio ne video a ɛyɛ den kɛse

• Electroplating a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Aduruyɛ mu nneɛma a wɔde kum ɔyare mmoawa, aduruyɛ mu tracer, ne gamma ray kokoram ayaresa (cobalt-60) .

• Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu.

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ kɛse

Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ catalyst no fa ahoɔden a wɔyɛ no foforo te sɛ pɛtro a ɛho tew a wɔyɛ ho kɛse.

Nea etwa to no, nyansahufo ayɛ cobaltite a wɔayɛ de ayɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ ne mineralogy ho.

Sɛ yɛreka ne mineralogy ho asɛm a...

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Cobaltite a ɛyɛ dwetɛ kɔla wɔ matrix | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Cobaltite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sɛ́ cobalt sulfoarsenide no, cobaltite no aduru ne CoAsS. Dade yɛ efĩ a abu so yiye, ɛkɔ ɔha biara mu nkyem 10 wɔ nea wɔde ayɛ no mu, enti ebinom kyerɛw aduru no sɛ (Co,Fe)AsS. Efĩ foforo a abu so ne nikel, a ɛtɔ mmere bi a kɔbere, kɔbere, anaa antimony ka ho.

Ɔbo no te sɛ pyrite , na ɛda symmetry koro no ara adi wɔ ahwehwɛ tebea mu efisɛ pyrite yɛ cubic na cobaltite taa yɛ pseudo-cubic anaa pseudo-pyritohedral (anim a ɛwɔ afã dumien, ahinanan).

Mpɛn pii no, cobaltite ba sɛ granular kosi compact masses.

Mpɛn pii no wubetumi ahu cobaltite denam sɛnea ɛyɛ den kɛse no so, efisɛ emu yɛ duru sen aboɔden abo dodow no ara.

Cobaltite nneɛma a wɔakyerɛw:

• Mohs denden : 5.5

• Kɔla : Dwetɛ fitaa, dwetɛ kɔkɔɔ, tuntum-akutu, violet dade fitaa, tuntum

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Orthorhombic, atoro-cubic

• Luster : Ɛyɛ dade

• Nneɛma a ɛda adi pefee : Opaque

• Refractive index : Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ aboɔden abo ho nimdeɛ a ɛboro so

• Nnipa dodow : 6.33

• Cleavage : Ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ {001} so.

• Fracture : Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa-tuntum

• Luminescence : Biara nni hɔ

• Pleochroism : Wonhu anaasɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye wɔ aburow ahye so

• Birefringence : Biara nni hɔ

• Apete : Biara nni hɔ

Cobaltite Ahorow Ahorow

Cobaltite wɔ ahorow kakraa bi a egyina efĩ a ɛwɔ hɔ so:

• Ferrocobaltite : Dade si cobalt no bi ananmu

• Iron-Bearing Cobaltite : Dade bi wɔ mu

• Cobalatite a ɛwɔ palladium : Palladium a ɛwɔ mu no bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 1.1 wɔ ne mu duru mu

Ɛmfa ho din no, spherocobaltite (anaasɛ sphaerocobaltite) yɛ cobalt carbonate ankasa. Ade foforo a ɛma adwene tu fra ne erythrite, cobalt arsenate a nsu wom a wɔsan frɛ no “red cobalt” anaa “cobalt glance.”

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Cobaltite ahwehwɛ nhwɛsode wɔ tete wax pedestal thumbnail mount | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Cobaltite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Cobaltite yɛ adebɔ, adwene a wɔde susuw nneɛma ho, ne ahofadi a wonya fi adwenem naayɛ a obi wɔ wɔ ne ho anaa anohyeto a ɔde to ne ho mu ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Wɔfrɛ Amerikafo Ankasa ade bi a agye din a wɔtaa de cobaltite cabochons yɛ no Naja. Wɔhyɛ no sɛ pendant biako anaa squash nhwiren kɔnmuade fã, na wɔde Naja din too Navajo asɛmfua a wɔde gyina hɔ ma “ɔsram a ɛyɛ ɔsram” no so wɔ ne borɔdɔma nsusuwii no mu.

Wogye di sɛ Najafo agude a wɔyɛ no fi Moorfo hɔ. Adwinni ahorow no gu ahorow wɔ mfoniniyɛfo mu, nanso Moorfo mfonini ahorow bi wɔ nsa wɔ ɔsram a ɛyɛ ɔsram no ase a egyina hɔ ma “Fatima nsa” anaa “Hamsa,” ahobammɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛwɔ nyamesom fekuw ahorow mu .

Wɔ Navajofo mu no, Najafo adwini no yɛ sɛnea wotumi gyina tebea horow ano wɔ ahokyere kɛse mu ne adwene a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛbɔ ahoɔfɛ afi ntawntawdi mu no ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Abakɔsɛm

Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ na tete Misrifo ne Mesopotamiafo de cobaltite di dwuma de kɔla nneɛma ahorow — agude, mfonini, ahwehwɛ, dɔte, ne nea ɛkeka ho — kɔla bruu soronko, efisɛ cobalt a wɔde di dwuma sɛ kɔla fi Kɔbere Mmere (3300 A.Y.B. kosi 1200 A.Y.B.) mu. .

Wɔde edin “cobaltite” no bata “cobalt” a ɛwɔ nkyerɛase a ɛyɛ anigye ho.

Bɛyɛ 1500 kosi 1600 mfe no mu no, na wɔn a wotu dwetɛ wɔ Saxony, Germany no taa nya aboɔden abo a ɛte sɛ dwetɛ a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma nanso wontumi nwene na ɛma wusiw a ɛyɛ porɔw a awuduru wom (arsenic sulfide) fi mu.

Wɔde asɛm no ho asodi too anansesɛm mu abɔde bi a wɔfrɛ no “Kobold” so. Wosusuwii sɛ ɔkraman a ɔyɛ ɔkwasea no reyɛ akɔmfosɛm bi de asiw ɔbo no dade no ano anaasɛ ɔrewia dwetɛ a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma ankasa no na ɔde abotan a ɛte sɛ dwetɛ nanso wontumi mfa nni dwuma de si ananmu.

Obi a ne ho akokwaw a ɔyɛ smelter baa kurow no mu bɛsɔɔ abotan a wɔkyerɛ sɛ mfaso nni so yi hwɛe. Ne kokoamsɛm no maa ɛkame ayɛ sɛ kurow no bɔɔ no sobo sɛ ɔyɛ abayifo kosii sɛ wɔtee sɛ wahu aduru foforo bi a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛhyerɛn.

Cobalt a Wohuu no

Mfe pii no, folks susuwii sɛ kɔla bruu soronko no fi element bismuth. Nanso, na Swedenni nnuruyɛfo George Brandt gye di sɛ ɛyɛ ade a wonnim. Wɔ 1730 mfe no mu no, ɔdaa ne nsusuwii no adi na ohuu element cobalt a ɛwɔ Germanfo “kobold” abo mu.

Wɔ 1739 mu no, Brandt tintim cobalt a ohui no, na ɔfrɛɛ no ​​ade a ɛyɛ dade fã a ɛda nsow wɔ bismuth ho. Wɔ 1742 mu no, otumi yii cobalt fii mu.

Germanni nnuruyɛfo Martin Heinrich Klaproth kyerɛw nhoma ahorow a edi kan a ɛfa cobaltite aboɔden abo ho no biako wɔ 1797. Ɔfrɛɛ no ​​Glanzkobalts, German kasa mu asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ “cobalt a ɛhyerɛn.”

Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Cobaltite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ abo a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛsa yare titiriw no , cobaltite ahwehwɛ wɔ fam brɛoo na ɛbɔ ho ban te sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ fitaa . Wɔsan nso de di dwuma titiriw sɛ ntini chakra abo wɔ ahoɔden ayaresa mu.

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nipadua mu no, wogye di sɛ cobaltite boa ma:

• Nyarewa a wɔde nyarewa ba

• Mogya mu haw ahorow

• Ahurututu anaa ɔhome ho nsɛm

• Nkwammoaa mu ɔhaw ahorow

• Nkwammoaa a ɛko tia nyarewa a ayɛ mmerɛw

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔka sɛ wɔ nkate fam no, cobaltite ma denhyɛ, titiriw ma adwene no. Crystal ayaresafo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ ɛma adebɔ yɛ kɛse, yi adwenem naayɛ a obi wɔ wɔ ne ho no fi hɔ, na ɛma adwene ne nkate fam nyansa nyinaa yɛ mmerɛw.

Cobaltite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Cobaltite aboɔden abo bo nyɛ nea wɔahyɛ da ayɛ te sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo, efisɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wonhu wɔ agude mu. Yɛbɛda so ara aka sɛnea gyinapɛn biara fa cobaltite ho no ho asɛm:

• Kɔla : Nhwɛsode dodow no ara wɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ fitaa tuntum, na sɛ hann no yɛ hyew a, ɛyɛ nea wɔpɛ kɛse. Nanso, abo a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ anaa violet betumi anya mfaso.

• Twitwa : Wɔtwa cobaltite aboɔden abo dodow no ara ma ɛyɛ cabochons a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛyɛ dade . Ɔbo no ntaa nyɛ afã horow . Wɔfrɛ cobaltite ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ Rajasthan, India, sehta na wɔde yɛ enamel bruu wɔ dwetɛ ne sika kɔkɔɔ agude anaa nneɛma a wɔde siesie nneɛma so wɔ mpɔtam hɔ.

• Luster : Dade a ɛyɛ dwetɛ a ɛhyerɛn, a wɔakyekyɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ no betumi ama cobaltite bo ayɛ den. Ɔbo no hyerɛn ne nea ɛyɛ anigye titiriw wɔ aboɔden abo wiase no mu.

• Carat Weight : Faceted cobaltites ho yɛ na, nanso ebi betumi ayɛ 15 kosi 25 cts, a ne fã bi fi cobaltite a ɛyɛ den kɛse no. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nneɛma akɛse betumi abɛyɛ cabochons anaa adwini a ne kɛse te sɛ nea ɛte biara.

Ansa na ebedu aboɔden abo a wotwitwafo biara nkyɛn no, ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ cobaltite?

Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Cobaltite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Mpɛn pii no, cobaltite ba bere a nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a nneɛma a apete wom no kɔhyɛ abotan mu mpaapaemu mu, nsu no yɛ hyew, na nneɛma no yɛ ahwehwɛ ma ɛbɛyɛ cobaltite no. Ebetumi nso ayɛ bere a abotan dannan nneɛma, na ɛsakra aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ mu no ma ɛbɛyɛ cobaltite.

Sɛnea ɛte no, wobetumi ahu ɔbo no wɔ abotan a ɛne ne ho di nkitaho ne nsu mu hyew a ɛyɛ hyew kɛse mu.

Cobaltite a ɛba no taa si wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn:

• Allanite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Calcite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Chalcopyrite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Magnetite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Scapolite a wɔfrɛ no Scapolite

• Skutterudite a wɔde di dwuma

• Sphalerite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Titanite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Zoisite na ɔkyerɛwee

Wɔ asase ho nsɛm mu no, ɛhe na wɔtaa hu cobaltite?

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Nneɛma a ɛwɔ soro a wonya cobaltite nneɛma a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo ne Canada (titiriw Cobalt, Ontario), Norway, ne Sweden (titiriw Tunaberg).

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛho hia a wonya fibea a ɛma cobaltite ahwehwɛ ne:

• Australia

• Azerbaijan na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Chile

• DR a ɛwɔ Congo

• Germany

• India

• Mexico

• Morocco na ɛwɔ hɔ

• UK (England) .

• U.S.A. (California, Colorado, Idaho, Utah) na ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ.

Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Cobaltite Bo & Ne Bo

Ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔn ho yɛ na koraa no, cobaltite aboɔden abo nyɛ nea ne bo yɛ den yiye. Ɛda adi sɛ eyi te saa efisɛ nea wɔhwehwɛ no nkɔ soro koraa.

Faceted cobaltites a wɔtɔn no taa yɛ bɛyɛ $10 kosi $30 wɔ carat biara mu, anaasɛ bɛyɛ $50 kosi $400 biara (carat mu duru fi bɛyɛ 6 kosi 25 cts).

Cobaltite cabochons fi dɔla 20 kosi dɔla 150, na dade abo a ɛhyerɛn kɛse na ɛhyɛ sɛ ne bo kɔ soro. Cobaltites a wɔahwe ase no bɛyɛ dɔla 0.15 wɔ carat biara mu.

Cobaltite a ɛyɛ den no betumi ayɛ bɛyɛ $5 anaa nea ennu saa ama ahwehwɛ nketewa, akodu $1500 kosi $4,000 anaa nea ɛboro saa ama nhwɛso akɛse a ɛwɔ sulfide matrices so.

Ansa na yɛbɛwie no, yɛbɛkɔ akɔhwɛ aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so .

Cobaltite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Ahobammɔ a edi kan: esiane sɛ arsenic ne cobalt a awuduru wom wɔ cobaltite mu nti, ɛho hia sɛ wokwati sɛ wobɛhome nneɛma nketenkete a ebetumi afi mu bere a woretwitwa anaasɛ woreyɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ no.

Mpɛn pii no, asiane biara nni ho sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ asinasin a wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ anaasɛ wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ, nanso yɛkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nneɛma a ɛbɔ ho ban na amma ansɛe. Bere nyinaa hohoro wo nsa bere a woadi cobaltite a ɛyɛ den ho dwuma awie no, na ma ɛntra baabi a obiara a obetumi de ahyɛ n’anom — akraman, mmofra, ne nea ɛkeka ho.

Wubetumi de brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, ne samina a emu nyɛ den ahohoro cobaltite ho.

Wote nka sɛ Cobaltite ayɛ wo dɛ?

Ebia cobalt agye din sen cobaltite, nanso sɛ ɛnyɛ ɔbo yi a, anka yɛrenhu ho asɛm! Saa ahoɔfɛ a ɛhyerɛn yi wɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛyɛ anigye a ɛfa atetesɛm a efi Amerika a wɔyɛ aborɔfo so kosi Mfinimfini Mmere mu Germany so, ne ahoɔfɛ a ɛma obi dwo pii a wɔde bɛka nneɛma biara a wɔaboaboa ano ho.

Kɔtɔ cobaltite ne aboɔden abo afoforo a wɔntaa nhu nnɛ!