Chambersite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Chambersite yɛ borate aboɔden abo a wonim no kɛse fi Lone Star Mantam a ɛwɔ Texas, U.S.A., mu. Wɔtaa hu ɔbo no sɛ ahwehwɛ nketewa a ɛyɛ ahinanan a efi kɔla a enni kɔla so kosi kɔkɔɔ.

So chambersite ho yɛ na? Ɛyɛ dɛn ara. Ɛnyɛ sɛ chambersite aboɔden abo ho yɛ na nko, na mmom chambersite aboɔden abo ho yɛ na koraa.

Nanso ɛyɛ nea ɛho yɛ na wɔ nneɛma soronko te sɛ multiferroic, photochromic, ne phase-changing mu no ho dwuma.

N’ani gye ho? Bata ho na sua chambersite dwumadie, ne boɔ, abakɔsɛm, mfasoɔ, ne nea ɛkeka ho nyinaa!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Faceted chambersite aboɔden abo | Mfonini no fi: DonGuennie|G-EmpireWiase a Aboɔden abo, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ɛfa Chambersite Ɔbo ho

Chambersite yɛ aboɔden abo a ne bo yɛ fã bi a ɛho yɛ na yiye a wohu no kɛse wɔ ahinanan nsusuwii mu. Ɔbo no fi nea enni kɔla so kosi bruu anaa kɔkɔɔ a emu dɔ, na ɛwɔ ntam te sɛ lilac ne brownish-purple.

Chambersite kɔla ahorow no fã bi fi su bi a ɛda nsow a ɛntaa nsi: photochromism .

Eyi ne bere a aboɔden abo bi kɔla sesa fi hann a ɛda adi mu no. Eyi yɛ soronko wɔ aboɔden abo a ɛsakra kɔla ho efisɛ aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ photochromic no sesa kɔla wɔ UV hann (te sɛ owia hann) ase nkutoo na ɛsakra ntɛmntɛm, efi simma kakraa bi kosi nnɔnhwerew pii wɔ bere a wɔde ahyɛ mu akyi.

Photochromism ahorow abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: photochromism a wotumi dannan (tenebrescence) ne photochromism a wontumi nsakra.

Tenebrescent abo (te sɛ hackmanite) sesa kɔ anim ne akyi daa; abo a photochromism a wontumi nsakra (te sɛ kunzite ne chambersite) sesa daa.

Hyɛ no nsow: Aboɔden abo ho animdefo binom frɛ photochromism ahorow abien no nyinaa sɛ tenebrescence.

Wɔ aboɔden abo atirimpɔw ahorow akyi no, dɛn na wɔde chambersite di dwuma?

Chambersite a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Esiane sɛ ɔbo no ho yɛ na wɔ abɔde mu nti, mfiridwuma mu nneɛma dodow no ara de chambersite a wɔde ayɛ na edi dwuma.

Nanso, ade titiriw biako a ɛwɔ abɔde mu chambersite ho ne sɛ ɛyɛ multiferroic, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no ɛwɔ saa su ahorow yi mu abien: ferromagnetism, ferroelasticity, ne ferroelectricity.

Chambersite ne congolite nkutoo ne abɔde mu nneɛma a wonim sɛ ɛyɛ multiferroic. Esiane saa su yi nti, synthetic chambersites betumi ayɛ nea ɛho hia ma daakye optical anaa electronic mfiridwuma te sɛ spintronics (mprempren wɔde di dwuma wɔ hard disk drives mu).

Chinafoɔ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛeɛ wɔ afe 2019 mu kyerɛɛ saa tumi yi, faako a chambersite maa titanium matrix composites no yɛɛ den sɛ ɛbɛtumi ayɛ friction ne wear.

Chinafo nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ afe 2018 mu wɔ mmeae a wɔde ɔhyew yɛ ho no hui sɛ sɛnea ahwehwɛ no yɛ hyew no tumi yɛ nneɛma a ɛbɔ neutron ho ban na ɛtwetwe microwave.

China nyansahufo nso yɛɛ chambersite ahwehwɛ a wɔayɛ wɔ nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe wɔ afe 2022 mu , na wohui sɛ wobetumi de adi dwuma sɛ akwan foforo a wɔfa so hu infrared a ne bo nyɛ den.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Fapere gemmy, pyramidal chambersite crystal a ne kɛse yɛ kɛse | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Chambersite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Chambersite yɛ manganese chloro-borate mineral a ne nsusuwii yɛ Mn3B7O13Cl. Ebinom de ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ Mn2+3(B7O13)Cl di dwuma, nanso Amanaman Ntam Aboɔdenfo Fekuw (IMA) apene kan no so.

Aboɔden abo no wɔ boracite aboɔden abo kuw no mu ka chloro-borate afoforo trembathite, congolite, ericaite, ne boracite ho . Boracite yɛ chambersite magnesium a ɛne ne ho di nsɛ; nea ɛne no bɔ abira no, chambersite ne manganese a ɛne boracite nsɛ.

Chambersite nso yɛ manganese a ɛne ericaite ne congolite di nsɛ; ericaite yɛ dade a ɛyɛ dade a ɛne chambersite di nsɛ na congolite yɛ dade a ɛne no di nsɛ.

Wɔ suban ho no , chambersite ahwehwɛ taa yɛ pseudo-tetrahedral (ɛte sɛ pyramid a ɛyɛ ahinanan) anaa pseudocubic (ɛbɛn sɛ ɛyɛ kuruwa).

Ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi de, nanso interpenetration twinning (baabi a ɛte sɛ nea ahwehwɛ fa wɔn ho wɔn ho mu) betumi asi wɔ [111].

Bio nso, wɔahu sɛ chambersite yɛ granular, micritic (fine-grained) aggregates ne sɛ radially oriented spheroids (te sɛ kurukuruwa a ɛyɛ tratraa).

Chambersite agyapade a wɔakyerɛw:

• Mohs a ɛyɛ den : 7

• Kɔla : Enni kɔla, lilac, bruu-kɔla, kɔkɔɔ; Ɛyɛ sum bere a UV hann a ɛda adi no

• Crystal nhyehyɛe : Nea edi kan no isometric/cubic (mfiase no ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro a ɛba), afei orthorhombic (bere a ayɛ nwini pɛnkoro) .

• Luster : Ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma hann yɛ hyew : 1.732-1.744

• Nnipa dodow : 3.49

• Cleavage : Biara nni hɔ

• Fracture : Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ anaasɛ ɛyɛ subconchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Biara nni hɔ

• Pleochroism : Biara nni hɔ

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.012

• Apete : 0.012 (mmerɛw) .

• Nneɛma a efi aniwa so : Photochromism a wontumi nsakra (kɔla a ɛsakra daa wɔ owia hann mu) .

Chambersite vs Abo a ɛte saa ara

Chambersite te sɛ boracite kɛse, titiriw bere a wɔn baanu nyinaa nni kɔla no. Nanso, boracite abu so, ɛhyerɛn, ɛwɔ refractive indices a ɛba fam (1.658-1.673), na ɛwɔ density a ɛba fam (2.91-3.10).

Sɛ yɛhwɛ a, ebia chambersite a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ no bɛyɛ te sɛ charoite anaa sugilite , a wɔayi abo yi nsaano nkyerɛwee a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa afi mu. Nanso sugilite ne charoite nyinaa yɛ mmerɛw na ɛnyɛ den pii sen chambersite.

Sɛ yɛdan kɔ metaphysical fã no a, dɛn na chambersite yɛ ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Chambersite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Chambersite yɛ honhom mu nyane, adebɔ, ne ahotoso ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Sɛnea ahwehwɛ no yɛ ahinanan a ɛtaa ba no ma ɛyɛ nea ɛkari pɛ, nsakrae, ne nea egyina pintinn no ananmusifo. Chambersites a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ nso yɛ nyansa, apɛde, ne ahofadi ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Abakɔsɛm

Edin “chambersite” no fi nea wohui wɔ Chambers Mantam, Texas, U.S.A., no mu. Nea ɛkɔ akyiri no, nea edi kan a wohui no sii wɔ Barbers Hill Salt Dome, Mont Belvieu.

Wodii kan huu aboɔden abo no wɔ 1957 mu wɔ brine sanba (nkyene nsu a ɛwɔ abodan a wɔde yi abɔde mu mframa mu) a efi abura bi a wɔde mframa gu mu a Texas National Gasoline Corporation na ɛwɔ mu no mu. Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ ɛbae wɔ po ase anammɔn 2,320 kosi 2,720.

Amerikafo asase ho animdefo ne akyerɛkyerɛfo Russell M. Honea ne Frank R. Beck, a wofi Colorado Sukuupɔn, Boulder, ne Fort Hays Kansas State College, kyerɛw chambersite ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan wɔ 1962 mu.

Wohui sɛ nhwɛsode ahorow no ne boracite wɔ abusuabɔ nanso ɛda nsow araa ma ɛyɛ aboɔden abo soronko. Wɔn nsɛm no nso ne nsɛm a ɛfa manganese boracite analogues a wɔayɛ ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔbɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ 1961 mu no hyiae.

Bere a wotintim nkyerɛkyerɛmu no, na chambersite ne abɔde mu boracite analogue a ɛto so abien a wonim, wɔ ericaite (wɔdii kan bɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ 1955 mu) akyi.

Mfitiase chambersite ahwehwɛ a wohui no mu dodow no ara yɛ nketewa a ɛwɔ subhedral kosi euhedral, tetrahedrons a ɛyɛ papa, a na ɛwɔ twinned specimen biako a ɛhyɛn mu.

Chambersite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛtaa yɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛsa yare , chambersite wɔ metaphysical su ahorow a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ , ɛma nyansa, honhom mu nhumu, ne nkate a ɛkɔ soro.

Chambersite ahwehwɛ a enni kɔla ne kɔkɔɔ yɛ abotiri chakra abo a wɔkyerɛ sɛ etu mpɔn .

Bio nso, ahwehwɛ ayaresafo ka sɛ mfaso a ɛwɔ chambersite so no bi ne:

• Adebɔ ho nimdeɛ a wɔbɛma anya nkɔso

• Nkate a ɛkari pɛ

• Wɔn ho a wobegye atom a wɔbɛma ayɛ mmerɛw

• Ahwehwɛ afoforo a ɛsa yare no tumi a wɔbɛma ayɛ kɛse

• Ankasa nteɛso & nhyehyɛe kɛse a wɔbɛhyɛ ho nkuran

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Chambersite ahwehwɛ nketewa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kosi pink a wɔaboaboa ano a efi Louisiana; Brian Kosnar Nneɛma a Wɔaboaboa Ano | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Chambersite Aboɔden Aboɔ Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Sɛ wɔn ho yɛ na da nkyɛn a, chambersite bo a ɛsom nso gyina ne kɔla, ne twitwa, sɛnea emu da hɔ, sɛnea ɛda adi pefee, ne ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat so.

Ahosuo

Chambersite fi nea enni kɔla so kosi bruu so kosi kɔkɔɔ so. Nsakrae a ɛba fi nea enni kɔla (anaasɛ ne fã kɛse no ara a enni kɔla) so kɔ kɔkɔɔ a emu dɔ so no nam manganese oxidation kakra so ba, a owia hann a wɔde hyɛ mu na ɛde ba.

Ɛfata sɛ yɛhyɛ no nsow sɛ synthetic chambersite no nni kɔla. Mpɛn pii no, ebia chambersites a ɛyɛ lilac anaa nea enni kɔla koraa no bo yɛ den sen nea ɛyɛ bruu.

Twa

Chambersite yɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu dedaw, nanso ɛsan nso yɛ ketewaa koraa na ne kɔla yɛ tuntum, enti abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no ho yɛ na mpo. Esiane sɛ ɛho yɛ na yi nti, faceted chambersites betumi ahyɛ sɛ ɛsom bo kɛse.

Wɔ faceted chambersites no mu no, dodow no ara wɔ anammɔn ahinanan a wɔatwitwa efisɛ wɔwɔ abɔde mu ahinanan pyramid nsusuwii dedaw. Nokwarem no, adan a “ɛwɔ afã horow” a wɔtɔn no mu dodow no ara yɛ nea wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ sen sɛ wobetwitwa, esiane sɛnea ɛyɛ abɔde mu nneɛma a ɛyɛ fɛ nti.

Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee & Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee

Clarity kyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea nneɛma a wotumi hu ka aboɔden abo mu, a ebetumi ama nea ɛda adi pefee ne ne bo so atew. Ɛwom sɛ chambersite ahwehwɛ bi tumi yɛ nea ɛda adi de, nanso mpɛn pii no, nea ɛwɔ afã horow no nyɛ saa.

Nneɛma a ebetumi aka chambersite ho ne mununkum nketewa nanso ɛdɔɔso, nanso chambersite a ɛho yɛ na no kyerɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔboaboa ano no hwehwɛ nhwɛsode ahorow a emu nna hɔ kakraa bi mpo.

Chambersite nso betumi ayɛ nea ɛka ho wɔ abo afoforo mu — titiriw no, wohuu chambersite a enni kɔla na ɛyɛ birefringent kɛse wɔ rhodizite -londonite nhwɛsode ahorow a efi Madagascar mu.

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Chambersite ahwehwɛ ne chambersite a wɔatwa no nyinaa yɛ nketewa bere nyinaa. Chambersite ahwehwɛ taa yɛ nea ɛba fam sen sɛntimita 0.5; akɛse mpo nnu sɛntimita 1.

Chambersite aboɔden abo a wɔatwitwa no yɛ nea ɛba fam sen carat 2 bere nyinaa na mpɛn pii no ɛba fam sen carat 0.5.

Chambersite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Chambersite yɛ evaporite mineral, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnam nsuo a ɛyɛ nkyene (brine) a wɔde afra mu (brine) a ɛtɔ (crystallizing) so na ɛba bere a nsuo no reyɛ ayɛ hyew no.

Mpɛn pii no, wohu chambersite wɔ nsu a ɛyɛ nkyene a ɛwɔ abura a wɔde yi nkyene dome mu. Wɔntaa nhu wɔ granite pegmatites mu, bere a edi kan ne 2002 sɛ nea wɔde kaa rhodizite-londonite a efi Madagascar ho.

Chambersite nsakrae a ɛba ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe mu no kyerɛ sɛ edi kan yɛ wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro mu sɛ cubic (isometric) ahwehwɛ, afei ɛsan hyehyɛ ne mu ma ɛbɛyɛ orthorhombic ahwehwɛ bere a ɛyɛ nwini no. Nsakrae a ɛkɔ orthorhombic symmetry mu no si wɔ 407°C (764.6°F).

Ɔbo no ne evaporite aboɔden abo afoforo a wɔfrɛ no anhydrite , gypsum , ne halite wɔ abusuabɔ .

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Mmeae biako pɛ a wonim sɛ wɔyɛ chambersite ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo ne mfitiase Barkers Hill Salt Dome a ɛwɔ Texas ne Venice Salt Dome a ɛwɔ Louisiana, U.S.A. no. Nova Scotia, Canada yɛ beae foforo a ɛho hia a wonya ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ fɛ.

Nneɛma afoforo a wonim sɛ wonya chambersite fibea nkutoo ne:

• China

• Madagascar

• Mexico

• New Brunswick, Canada, na ɛwɔ hɔ

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Chambersite ahwehwɛ a ɛntaa nsi, a ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ yiye, ɛyɛ aboɔden abo, a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ pyramidal a efi Texas, U.S.A.; Dick Jones Nneɛma a Wɔaboaboa Ano | Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Chambersite Bo & Bo a Ɛsom

Faceted chambersites, ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ, ɛtaa yɛ nea ne bo yɛ den sen biara.

Faceted chambersites bo a wɔbɔ fi bɛyɛ dɔla 1,250 kosi dɔla 4,000 wɔ carat biako mu; nanso ɛkame ayɛ sɛ eyinom nnu carat 1 bere nyinaa, enti ne bo nyinaa bɛn dɔla 60 kosi dɔla 515.

Chambersite ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ den no fi dɔla 25 kosi dɔla 100. Mpɛn pii no, eyinom wɔ ahwehwɛ nketewa pii mu, na ɛma ahwehwɛ biara bo bɛyɛ dɔla 5 kosi 20. Ahwehwɛ a ne bo yɛ den sen biara no bo yɛ dɔla 135 biara.

Chambersite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Nea eye ne sɛ, aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ ma chambersite no yɛ mmerɛw yiye. Wubetumi de nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔtaa de di dwuma, samina a emu nyɛ den, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde sew sẽ ahohoro ho.

Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wususuw ho titiriw ne sɛnea wode nneɛma besie ne bere a wobɛhyɛ. Esiane sɛ ne kɔla yɛ tuntum bere a hann da adi nti, yɛhyɛ nyansa sɛ wobɛhyɛ chambersite agude anadwo nkutoo na fa chambersite biara sie baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ sum a owia hann ntumi nkɔ.

So Chambersite no Yɛ Wo Adwene?

Chambersite wɔ su soronko pii, efi sɛnea ɛyɛ multiferroic so kosi kɔla a ɛsakra wɔ owia hann mu so no, ebia saa ahwehwɛ yi yɛ nkonyaayi nso. Tow ahintasɛm ayaresa su ahorow bi a ɛka ho ne rarity ne chambersite yɛ ade a edi mũ a wɔde ka nneɛma a wɔaboaboa ano biara ho!

Kɔtɔ chambersite ne aboɔden abo soronko afoforo nnɛ!