Chabazite Aboɔden abo: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Chabazite (wɔbɔ no KAH-buh-zite) yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛtoatoa so wɔ zeolite abusua no mu, ɛwom sɛ wobetumi de “chabazite” adi dwuma de akyerɛ aboɔden abo no mu biara mmiako mmiako de.

Kɔla ahorow bɛn na ɛwɔ chabazite mu? Saa aboɔden abo yi taa yɛ nea enni kɔla anaa fitaa nanso ebetumi ayɛ borɔdɔma, kɔkɔɔ, salmon, ahabammono, anaa pink.

So chabazite yɛ abɔde mu zeolite? Yep, chabazite minerals yɛ abɔde mu ne zeolite minerals a ɛtaa ba. Nanso, nyansahufo nso de chabazite a wɔayɛ no foforo di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma ne nhwehwɛmu atirimpɔw ahorow mu.

Wɔ nea ɛho yɛ na ho no, chabazite minerals dɔɔso nanso facetable material ho yɛ na koraa.

Wopɛ sɛ wusua pii? Kenkan kɔ so na sua chabazite a wɔde di dwuma, aboɔden abo agyapade, ne bo, tumi, ne abakɔsɛm nyinaa!

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Chabazite-Ca | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ɛfa Chabazite Ɔbo ho

Chabazite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi a wɔntaa nhu wɔ ɔkwan a wɔatwitwa so kuw bi. Edin afoforo a wɔde frɛ chabazite ne:

• Chabasite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Kabazitefoɔ

• Natronchabazit na ɔkyerɛwee

• Seebachite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Glottalite a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm

• Acadialite / Akadiolite / Akadiolithe a ɛyɛ den

• Cubic Zeolite / Cubiocite (nsɛmfua a ɛnteɛ a ne bere atwam) .

Edin a etwa to a ɛwɔ saa din no mu no fi nea wodii kan hui sɛ chabazite ahwehwɛ no te sɛ cubic, nanso akyiri yi nhwehwɛmu hui sɛ nokwarem no ɛyɛ pseudo-cubic nkutoo.

Wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, dɛn na wɔde chabazite di dwuma?

Chabazite Nneɛma a Wɔde Di Dwuma

Chabazite zeolite aboɔden abo dodow no ara a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu no yɛ nneɛma a wɔayɛ a ɛne chabazite nhyehyɛe yɛ pɛ (a wɔfrɛ no “CHA”) nanso ɛnyɛ nea wɔahyehyɛ no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Nhwɛso biako ne SSZ-13, a ɛwɔ silicon ne aluminium nsusuwii a wonhu wɔ abɔde mu chabazite mu.

Wɔde SSZ-13 di dwuma te sɛ zeolites pii sɛ catalyst ne adsorbent wɔ nneɛma te sɛ kar exhausts ne air purifiers, sɛnea ɛte biara.

Wɔde chabazite a wɔayɛ ne abɔde mu nneɛma (titiriw chabazite-Na) nso adi dwuma sɛ molecule sieve de twetwe mframa ne nsu, te sɛ carbon dioxide a woyi fi methane mu wɔ mframa a wɔtow gu mu. Wɔsan nso de di dwuma sɛ ion exchanger (sɛ nhwɛso no, woyi radioactive ions anaa dade fi efĩ a wɔtow gu nsubɔnten mu) ne desiccant (drying agent).

Tumi a abɔde mu chabazite tumi sesa anaasɛ eyi (desorb) ammonium cations (NH4+) no ho wɔ mfaso wɔ kuayɛ mu . Bio nso, afe 2016 nhwehwɛmu bi kyerɛe sɛ chabazite tumi yi methylene blue (MB) dye fi nsuo a wɔde ahyɛ mu (nsuo a nneɛma a wɔapete wom) mu.

Mfonini no fi Leon Hupperichs

Chabazite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Esiane sɛ wɔ mfiridwuma mu no, chabazite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛtoatoa so nti, ɛsono sɛnea wɔyɛ chabazite no. Aboɔden abo no wɔ chabazite-lévyne kuw ketewa a ɛwɔ zeolite kuw kɛse no mu.

Saa kuw ketewa yi nhyehyɛe ne M[Al2Si4O12]·6H2O, baabi a M betumi ayɛ Ca, Na2, K2, Mg, anaa Sr — calcium, disodium, dipotassium, magnesium, anaa strontium. (Yeinom ho nsɛm pii wɔ ɔfã a edi hɔ no mu!)

Chabazite ne levynite ne gmelinite (bere bi na wɔfrɛ no “soda-chabazite”) wɔ abusuabɔ kɛse. Gmelinite yɛ zeolite kuw ketewaa bi a wɔntaa nhu a gmelinite-Ca, gmelinite-K, ne gmelinite-Na wom.

Sɛ ɛba sɛ ahwehwɛ a, chabazite betumi ayɛ rhombohedral ne pseudo-cubic — mpɛn pii no ɛte sɛ cubes a wɔabubu kakra — anaasɛ tabular. Ahwehwɛ taa da nkitahodi anaasɛ penetration twinning adi. Aboɔden abo no nso betumi aba sɛ aggregate crusts anaasɛ granular masses.

Chabazite aniwa so sɛnkyerɛnne no gu ahorow wɔ uniaxial (+) anaa uniaxial (-) ntam, a ebinom yɛ anomalously biaxial ebia esiane nsu a ɛwɔ mu nti.

Dɛn ne chabazite ahwehwɛ no su? Wɔabobɔ wɔn din wɔ ha:

• Mohs denden : 4-5

• Kɔla : Enni kɔla, fitaa, kɔkɔɔ, borɔdɔma, pink, salmon, kɔkɔɔ, bruu, ahabammono

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe : Triclinic - Chabazite-Ca; Trigonal (Hexagonal) - a aka nyinaa

• Luster : Vitreous (ahwehwɛ) .

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi pefee

• Nneɛma a ɛma hann yɛ hyew : 1.465-1.507; Ɛsono sɛnea mineral te - Chabazite-Mg a ɛba fam sen biara (1.465-1.469) & Chabazite-Sr a ɛkorɔn sen biara (1.503-1.507)

• Nnipa dodow : 2.05-2.20; Ɛsono kakra wɔ mineral ahorow mu

• Cleavage : Ɛda nsow/eye wɔ 1 kwan so wɔ ne nyinaa so gye Chabazite-Mg (no cleavage) .

• Fracture : Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Biara nni hɔ

• Pleochroism : Biara nni hɔ

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.002-0.006; Ɛsono kakra wɔ mineral ahorow mu; Chabazite-Mg & Chabazite-Sr: 0.004 na ɛwɔ hɔ. Chabazite-K & Chabazite-Na: 0.002-0.005 na ɛyɛ nea ɛwɔ hɔ. Chabazite-Ca: 0.002-0.006 na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Apete : Biara nni hɔ

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Chabazite-Na, a wɔfrɛ no "herschelite" | Mfonini no fi Didier Descouens, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Chabazite ahorow ahorow

Chabazite kuw ketewa no wɔ chabazite aboɔden abo 5, na cation a ɛda nsow a wɔakyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ element a wɔde aka ho wɔ emu biara din awiei na ɛda nsow biara.

1. Chabazite-Ca : Calcium na ɛwɔ mu kɛse; Nkyekyɛm = (Ca, K2, Na2) 2 [Al2Si4O12] 2 · 12H2O; Kuw no muni a ɔtaa yɛ kɛse

2. Chabazite-K : Potassium na ɛwɔ mu kɛse; Nkyekyɛm = (K2, Ca, Na2, Sr, Mg) 2 [Al2Si4O12] 2 · 12H2O

3. Chabazite-Mg : Magnesium na ɛwɔ mu kɛse; Nkyekyɛm = (Mg0.7K0.5Ca0.5Na0.1) [Al3Si9O24] · 10H2O

4. Chabazite-Na : Sodium na ɛwɔ mu kɛse; Kan no na wɔfrɛ no herschelite; Nsusuwii = (Na2, K2, Ca, Sr, Mg) 2 [Al2Si4O12] 2 · 12H2O

5. Chabazite-Sr : Strontium na ɛwɔ mu kɛse; Nkyekyɛm = Sr2 [Al2Si4O12] 2·12H2O

Chabazite ahorow afoforo a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu ne:

• Haydenite : Chabazite-Ca no su; Kɔkɔɔ-akutu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kosi sika kɔkɔɔ-biribiri; Nkitahodi twinning abu so; Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee

• Phacolite : Chabazite a enni kɔla a ɛte sɛ ahwehwɛ a rhombohedrons pii a ɛbɔ abien na ɛde ba

• Acadialite : Chabazite a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ a efi Nova Scotia, Canada; Kan Fransefo din ne Acadie

Asɛmfua “phacolite” no fi Hela asɛmfua fakós , a ɛkyerɛ “atoko” anaa “ahwehwɛ” mu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde nsɛmfua “herschelite” ne “seebachite” di dwuma sɛ nsɛmfua a ɛne phacolite hyia.

Chabazite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Chabazite yɛ nsusuwii, nsusuwii, ne nhyehyɛe ho sɛnkyerɛnne.

Chabazite ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan no fi Austriani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Ignatius von Born hɔ wɔ 1772. Ɔtoo din zeolithus crystallisatus cubicus Islandiae , Latin kasa mu asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ “Iceland cubic crystallized zeolite.”

Edin foforo a wɔhyɛɛ ho nyansa ne zéolite en cube , Franse kasa mu asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ “cubed zeolite,” a efi Franseni aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Jean-Baptiste Louis Romé de l’Isle hɔ wɔ 1783 mu.

Franseni afifide ho nimdefo ne nkoekoemmoa ho ɔbenfo Louis-Augustin Bosc d’Antic paw edin “chabasie” wɔ 1792 mu (ɛwom sɛ nhoma afoforo ka afe no sɛ 1780 anaa 1788), a wɔsesaa no yɛɛ no ​​“chabazite” akyiri yi.

D’Antic din no mfiase yɛ anigye, ɛwom sɛ ɛyɛ basaa kakra de.

Chabazite Edin Mfiase

Edin “chabasie” no fi Hela asɛmfua chabazios , a ɛkyerɛ “nnwom anaa dwom” mu. Edin no ankasa fi tete Hela anwensɛm “Peri Lithos,” a wɔkyerɛ sɛ Helafo anansesɛm mu nipa Orpheus na ɔkyerɛwee no mu.

Ɛyɛ basaa kakra wɔ ha, efisɛ asɛmfua yi fibea ankasa ne “Orphic Lithica”, afeha a ɛto so 4 A.D. mu anwensɛm ne nhoma a wɔkyerɛ sɛ Pseudo-Orpheus na ɔkyerɛwee. Nhoma no ka aboɔden abo dodow bi ayaresa ne amanne ahorow ho asɛm.

Wɔ “Orphic Lithica” mu no, wɔfrɛ ɔbo a yɛreka ho asɛm no “chalazias” a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛsa awɔ a wɔaka, atiridiinini, ne abufuw. Ɛhe na “b” no fi bae? Ebia ɛyɛ anwensɛm no nkyerɛase a wɔankyerɛw no yiye a efi 1700 mfe no mu. Ne nyinaa akyi no, ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee sɛ abo “chalazias” kaa ho asɛm, ɛwom sɛ wɔahu chabazites wɔ mmeae a ɛbɛn te sɛ Greece ne Cyprus de.

Nsɛmfua a wɔde gyina hɔ ma chabazite aboɔden abo nyinaa bae wɔ 1997 mu, bere a Amanaman Ntam Aboɔden abo Fekuw no sii so dua sɛ chabazite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛtoatoa so, na ɛnyɛ aboɔden abo ankorankoro.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Chabazite kurukuruwa | Mfonini no fi: Modris Baum, Public Domain

Chabazite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛtaa yɛ fitaa a ɛsa yare no , chabazite wɔ aboɔden abo fitaa a ɛtew ho na ɛbɔ ho ban . Wɔde di dwuma nso sɛ abotiri chakra ɔbo .

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔ honam fam no, chabazite boa wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa:

• Nneɛma a ɛma obi yɛ ade tra so

• Goiters (thyroid a ɛyɛ kɛse) .

• Nneɛma a ɛho ayɛ fĩ

• Koma mu haw ahorow

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nkate ne adwene mu no, wogye di sɛ chabazite ahwehwɛ boa wo:

• Dwinnwen ho

• Center & ɛda so ara yɛ w'adwene

• Gyae abufuw wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so

• Sua nsɛm ntɛm

Mfonini no fie: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Chabazite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Chabazite bo gyina ɔbo no kɔla, sɛnea wɔatwitwa, sɛnea emu da hɔ, sɛnea ɛda adi pefee, ne sɛnea emu duru yɛ carat so.

Ahosuo

Chabazite taa yɛ nea enni kɔla anaa fitaa, nanso ebetumi nso aba wɔ kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ mmerɛw nanso ɛyɛ kɔla kɛse te sɛ pink, salmon, kɔkɔɔ, kɔkɔɔ, borɔdɔma, bruu, anaa ahabammono. Kɔla a ɛyɛ saturated pii betumi ayɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse.

Abo a ɛwɔ afã dodow no ara yɛ nketewa na ɛyɛ pink anaasɛ enni kɔla.

Twa

Chabazite nyɛ den sɛ wobɛfa facet gye sɛ ne hardness a ɛba fam ne nea ɛntaa nsi wɔ facetable kwan so. Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wubenya chabazite aboɔden abo a wɔatwitwa, wɔ tete nneɛma akorae mpo.

Mpɛn pii no, wɔtɔn chabazite a ɛnyɛ den (wɔntwitwaa).

Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee & Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee

Nsɛm a emu da hɔ kyerɛkyerɛ nneɛma dodow a wotumi hu a wɔde ka aboɔden abo bi ho, a ebetumi aka sɛnea ɛda adi pefee ne ne bo. Ɛwom sɛ chabazite betumi ayɛ nea ɛda adi kosi nea ɛyɛ hann de, nanso aboɔden abo a ɛda adi koraa no ho yɛ na koraa, na ɛma ɛsom bo kɛse.

Wɔahu sɛ Chabazite ka opal ahorow bi a ɛsom bo ne hydrophane a wɔntaa nhu ho .

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Chabazite ahwehwɛ nnyin akɛse a ɛyɛ nwonwa, na chabazite a wɔatwitwa no sua koraa, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa na ennu carat 2.

Sɛ yɛreka ahwehwɛ no ho asɛm a, ɔkwan bɛn so na chabazite yɛ?

Mfonini no fi: Chris857, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Chabazite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Zeolite mineral a ɛba no taa di nnidiso nnidiso akyi, na mineral biako sesa kɔ nea edi hɔ no mu a egyina abɔnten tebea ne ɔbotan a wɔreyɛ wɔ mu no so.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ ogya bepɔw mu abotan mu no, mesolite betumi asesa ayɛ scolecite , a ebetumi asesa ayɛ chabazite.

Ɔbotan bɛn na wohu chabazite wɔ mu? Chabazite aboɔden aboɔ ba wɔ mframa a ɛwɔ ogya bepɔw mu abotan a wɔasesa te sɛ basalt ne ogya abotan afoforo mu. Wobetumi nso ayɛ wɔ asubura a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔde asie mu.

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Ɛhe na wohu chabazite? Nneɛma atitiriw a wonya fi chabazite mu bi ne:

• Australia

• Canada

• Cyprus na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Czechia na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Denmark (Faroe Nsupɔw) .

• France

• Germany

• Greece na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Greenland na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Hungary na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Iceland na ɛwɔ hɔ

• India

• Ireland

• Italy

• Russia

• Scotland

• Slovakia na ɛwɔ hɔ

• U.S.A. (Arizona, California, Connecticut, Colorado, Hawaii, Nevada, New Jersey, Oregon, Vermont)

Mpɛn pii no, chabazite a ɛwɔ nsu mu a ɛwɔ nsu mu no yɛ mmeae a mfiridwuma mu chabazite fi. Eyinom wɔ titiriw wɔ:

• Bulgaria na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Hungary na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Italy

• Jordan

• USA

Sɛ yɛde fibea ahorow to nkyɛn a, chabazite bo yɛ ahe?

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Chabazite-Ca a calcite | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Chabazite Bo & Ne Bo

Sɛ yɛhwɛ sɛnea ɛyɛ den sɛ wubenya chabazite aboɔden abo a wɔatwitwa a, ɛnyɛ nwonwa sɛ wɔn bo yɛ den koraa.

Chabazite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no bo bɛyɛ dɔla 1,400 kosi nea ɛboro dɔla 2,500 wɔ carat biara mu! (Ɛwom sɛ ma ɛntra w’adwenem sɛ dodow no ara nnu carat 1, enti wɔn bo nyinaa bɛyɛ nea ɛba fam.)

Ɛda adi sɛ wubehu chabazite a ɛyɛ den.

Ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ne bo yɛ den sen biara no bɛyɛ dɔla 300 kosi 400, na mpɛn pii no wɔ matrix a ɔbo foforo a wɔntaa nhu te sɛ heulandite wɔ so.

Wɔ ase hɔ no, wubetumi ahu chabazite ahwehwɛ nketewa a emu biara bo bɛyɛ dɔla 3.

Chabazite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Onto gemstone care , chabazite yɛ mmerɛw koraa, enti ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛtwetwe. Ɛsɛ sɛ wode sie wɔ ɔkwan soronko so fi aboɔden abo afoforo ho.

Chabazite agude ho yɛ na, nanso sɛ wuhu bi a, ɛsɛ sɛ ɛwɔ nneɛma a ɛbɔ ho ban .

Wubetumi de samina a ɛnyɛ den, nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw asiesie chabazite.

Chabazite: Aboɔden abo a Wonnim No Kɛse Nanso Ɛyɛ Atetesɛm!

Ebia wontee chabazite ho asɛm da, nanso ɔbo a wɔn ho yɛ na yi yɛ ademude. Esiane sɛ etymology a ɛyɛ anigye a egyina tete Hela anwensɛm so a mfiridwuma ne honhom fam mfaso ahorow ka ho nti, dɛn na ɛnsɛ sɛ yɛdɔ?

Kɔtɔ chabazite ne aboɔden abo soronko foforo nnɛ!