Benitoite Aboɔden abo: Agyapadeɛ, Nkyerɛaseɛ, Boɔ & Nneɛma a Wɔtu

Benitoite (beh·nee·tow·ite) yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu te sɛ safir kosi nea enni kɔla a efi California, U.S.A. Sɛ ɔman no aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ aban de da nkyɛn a, benitoite nso agye din wɔ nea ɛho yɛ na koraa ne su horow a ɛhyerɛn a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛne daimond mpo di asi (anaasɛ ɛboro so) no ho .

Benitoite aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ hyew na emu dɔ no yɛ nea wotumi de toto tanzanite , aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na sen biara wɔ wiase no mu biako ho. Wɔn baanu nyinaa di kan wɔ yɛn aboɔden abo 10 a ɛsen biara a yɛayɛ no bere nyinaa no mu .

Benitoite ho yɛ na dɛn, pɛpɛɛpɛ? San Benito Mine a ɛwɔ California no nkutoo ne benitoite a wonim sɛ wonya abo a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo. Saa ɔtopae yi yɛ bɛyɛ 300 cts pɛ a ɛyɛ gem-quality benitoite afe biara, na bɛyɛ 5,000 cts pɛ fi bere a wobuee ɔtopae no. Sɛ yɛbɛhwɛ a, Tanzania (beae koro pɛ a wonya tanzanite fibea) yɛ bɛyɛ 270 ɔpepem cts afe biara.

Dɛn bio na ɛma benitoite yɛ soronko? Yɛbɛka akyerɛ wo wɔ akwankyerɛ yi mu, baabi a yɛbɛka nsɛm a ɛfa benitoite aboɔden aboɔ agyapadeɛ, abakɔsɛm, ne boɔ, ne nea ɛkeka ho nyinaa ho asɛm!

Ɛfa Benitoite Aboɔden abo ho

Benitoite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi , nanso ɛne aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo pii di akan wɔ refractive index, dispersion, ne brilliance mu.

Nokwarem no, benitoite refractive index yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛkorɔn sen biara no mu biako, wɔ safir ne ruby ​​mpo akyi . Refractive index nya ɔbo bi hyerɛn, anaa hann a ɛhyerɛn a efi ɔbo no mu ba no so nkɛntɛnso.

Benitoite di aboɔden abo biara a ɛsom bo, a diamond ka ho, wɔ apete mu , kɔla a ɛte sɛ ogya a ɛhyerɛn a ɛrehuruhuruw fi ɔbo no ani.

Sɛ wosusuw eyi nyinaa ho a, awarefo foforo binom hwehwɛ benitoite ayeforohyia mpɛtea. Bere a worenhu aboɔden abo biara a ɛsõ sen 1 ct no, saa nkaa yi yɛ biako na egyina hɔ ma sikasɛm mu ahofama a wɔde ma abusuabɔ no.

Nea ɛka ho no, sɛ w’ayeforokunu no yɛ Virgo (a ne fam no benitoite yɛ zodiac stone) anaasɛ California kuromni a, benitoite mpɛtea kura ntease foforo!

Benitoite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Benitoite aboɔden abo no yɛ barium, titanium, ne silicate, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a sodium efĩ wom. Ɔbo no ka n’ankasa aboɔden abo kuw no ho. Ebia wɔde bɛfrafra dɔte aboɔden abo a wɔkyerɛw no saa ara, bentonite.

Dɛn ne benitoite mu mpaapaemu? Ɔbo no wɔ mpaapaemu a enye (a ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee), a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛpaapae denneennen te sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ mpaapaemu a edi mũ (te sɛ daimond).

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu benitoite?

Ɔkwan a edi kan ne sɛ wɔbɛhwɛ sɛnea ahwehwɛ no te. Benitoite wɔ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe soronko bi a ɛwɔ ahinanan a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ ditrigonal, dipyramidal. Ansa na wɔrehu benitoite no, na aboɔden abo ho animdefo nhuu ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ saa nhyehyɛe yi da.

Ade foforo a ɛma wohu ne fluorescence. Blue benitoite da hann a ano yɛ den a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛte sɛ chalky adi wɔ UV hann a ɛyɛ asorɔkye tiawa ase, na mpɛn pii no ɛhyerɛn denneennen wɔ mfinimfini sen anoano. Wɔ UV hann a asorɔkye tenten mu no, benitoites a enni kɔla mfinimfini hyerɛn wɔ kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ mum, bere a anoano no renhyerɛn.

Nea etwa to no, wubetumi de Refractometer adi dwuma de ahu sɛ ebia ɔbo no wɔ benitoite refractive index (RI) anaa. Mpɛn pii no, benitoite RI bɛboro anohyeto (boro 1.80) a ɛwɔ Refractometer akenkan a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ no so.

Hwɛ su ahorow a aka no wɔ ase ha:

• Kɔla : Bruu, violet-blue, enni kɔla, na ɛntaa nyɛ pink

• Crystal nhyehyɛe : Ɛyɛ ahinanan

• Luster : Vitreous (te sɛ ahwehwɛ) kosi sub-adamantine

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee kosi nea ɛda adi pefee

• Refractive index : Ɛboro anohyeto no so; 1.757-1.805 na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Nnipa dodow : 3.64-3.68

• Cleavage : Ohiani/Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee wɔ [1011] so.

• Akisikuru : Conchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Nneɛma a ɛma hann; Ahoɔden a ɛyɛ chalky bruu-fitaa wɔ SW-UV mu; Wɔayɛ kɔkɔɔ a wɔayɛ no mum wɔ LW-UV mu

• Pleochroism : Ɛyɛ dichroic denneennen wɔ kɔla a enni kɔla kosi bruu mu

Woresusuw nea benitoite kyerɛ ho? Kenkan kɔ so!

Benitoite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Asɛmfua benito yɛ Spania abusua din a ɛkyerɛ “nhyira.” Eyi da benitoite aboɔden abo a ɛkyerɛ anigye ne ahoɔfɛ adi — ne obiara a ɔwɔ anigye sɛ ɔbɛfa benitoite aboɔden abo!

Ebinom ka sɛ benitoite dichroism a emu yɛ den no gyina hɔ ma sɛnea etumi de honam fam ne honhom fam mmeae bom. Benitoite honhom fam ntease yɛ nea ɛfa nhumu a ɛkorɔn, nkate, ne nea wohu ho.

Abakɔsɛm

James Marshall Crouch, a ɔyɛ obi a ɔhwehwɛ benitoite a ɛnyɛ adwuma no huu benitoite wɔ 1906-1907 mu wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn San Benito Asubɔnten no wɔ California. Na ɔhwehwɛfo foforo, Roderick Dallas, abɔ no grubstaked (wɔama no sika ne nneɛma a ɔde bɛhwehwɛ abo na wakyɛ mfaso a wobenya afi mu daakye).

Crouch mfiase no gye dii sɛ aboɔden abo no yɛ sapphire anaa spinel , enti ɔka kyerɛɛ Dallas na wɔkyerɛe sɛ beae no yɛ Dallas Gem Mine. Wɔde aboɔden abo no kɔmaa Oduruyɛfo George Louderback, aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo a ohui sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo foforo. Louderback too mpɔtam hɔ din “benitoite” na otintim nea ohui wɔ July 1907 mu.

Sikakorafo kuw bi bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wobenya hokwan ahorow a wɔde di gua, na San Franciscan Shreve and Company dii nkonim. Bɛboro mfe ɔha no, Benitoite Aboɔden abo a wotu no faa ntrɛwmu, wɔtoo mu, din foforo, ne ne wuranom a wɔde ma afoforo mu.

Wɔ afe 2005 mu no, wɔsan tɔn ɔtopae no bio na awiei koraa no wɔdan no beae a wotua ho ka a ahɔho betumi ahwehwɛ nneɛma mu ahwehwɛ aboɔden abo no.

Enti, sɛ woasusuw ho sɛ, “Ɛhe na metumi abɔ benitoite?” Benitoite Mining Company (ne din mprempren) ne wo mmuae!

Wɔ metaphysical fã no, dɛn na benitoite crystal yɛ?

Benitoite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Te sɛ aboɔden abo biara no, benitoite honhom mu ahoɔden ne kɔla a ɛwɔ mu no ma ɛyɛ ɔbo a mfaso wɔ so a ɛsa yare . Benitoite, with other blue gems , gyina hɔ ma po ne wim — a ɛka ahintasɛm bun ne tumi a enni ano bom.

Ahwehwɛ ayaresafo pii de benitoite di dwuma de dwennwen wɔn ho, ne nsoromma mu hwɛ anaa nkitahodi a wɔne ɔsoro ahemman di ka ho.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde benitoite di dwuma de sa yare afoforo?

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Honam fam mfaso a agye din sen biara a ɛwɔ benitoite so ne sɛ wɔbɛsan de aba bio. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ benitoite ɔbo no san ma wo ahoɔden wɔ nipadua ne adwene nyinaa mu. Ebetumi akanyan wɔn a wɔde ahoɔden a ɛba fam di aperepere no nso ma wɔapia ɔbrɛ. Bio nso, ahwehwɛ ayaresafo de benitoite ahwehwɛ di dwuma de boa mogya mu nyarewa.

Nkate mu Ayaresa

So ɛte sɛ nea wo nkate horow no dɔɔso dodo sɛ wobɛte ase da? Ebia Benitoite bɛboa ma w’adwene adwo. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ Benitoitefo a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ahwehwɛ ayaresa mu no ma nokware a ahintaw no mu da hɔ, wɔ wo ho ne wiase a atwa wo ho ahyia no nyinaa mu.

Nea ɛka ho no, sɛ wote nka sɛ nkate horow a ɛboro so no pɛ a, benitoite ahwehwɛ betumi ama amemene no fã a ntease ne nkate wom no ayɛ pɛ, na aboa wo ma woasan adi so na woanya asomdwoe wɔ wo mu.

Chakra Ayaresa

Chakra ayaresa hwehwɛ sɛ wobɛkari pɛ wɔ wo chakra ason (ahoɔden mmeae) de asiesie sɛnkyerɛnne bɔne a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔasiw biako kwan. Benitoite yɛ chakra ɔbo ma aniwa chakra a ɛto so abiɛsa, a egyina hɔ ma honam fam wiase, honhom fam ahemman, ne onipa ho nimdeɛ a edi mũ.

Aniwa a ɛto so abiɛsa a asiw no ma wo ti yɛ wo yaw, wo ho ntɔ wo, na wote nka sɛ woakɔka w’ankasa wo tirim. Sɛ wode benitoite di dwuma de bue wie a, wo chakra a ɛto so abiɛsa a ɛkari pɛ no de honhom mu nyane ne ɔsoro nyansa bɛba.

Benitoite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Aboɔden aboɔ botaeɛ boɔ no ba fam wɔ boɔ a ɛsom ho nneɛma bi (aboɔden aboɔ su) a abenfoɔ hwehwɛ mu no so.

Worentaa nhu benitoite agude wɔ gua so, nanso aboɔden abo wɔ mfaso wɔ wɔn a wɔboaboa ano no fam. Benitoite a ɛho yɛ na no ka ne bo kɛse, nanso ne kɔla, ne twitwa, sɛnea emu da hɔ, ne ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat nso di dwuma.

Ahosuo

Bere a bruu na abu so kɛse no, benitoite aboɔden abo kɔla afoforo bi ne nea enni kɔla, kɔkɔɔ, na ɛntaa nsi, pink. Benitoite ahwehwɛ dodow no ara wɔ ahye bruu, mfinimfini fitaa, na ɛyɛ hann. Nhwɛsode afoforo yɛ nea wontumi nhu na ɛyɛ bruu-akuturuku a efi crossite inclusions mu .

Nanso, dɛn nti na benitoite yɛ bruu? Obiara nnim! Nyansahufo ayɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de ahu nea ɛde ba, nanso obiara ntumi nka no pen de besi nnɛ. Nsusuwii biako ne sɛ dade efĩ fa charge transfer (ɛlektrɔn biako ani gye na ɛkɔ ion foforo mu) te sɛ nea wohu wɔ Prussia kɔla bruu mu no.

Benitoites a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔde kɔla yɛ tanzanite-blue na ɛsom bo kɛse, bere a abo a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse anaasɛ ɛyɛ tuntum kɛse no bo nyɛ den koraa. Gyinaesi biako a adetɔfo besi ne kɔla vs. sparkle. Benitoite bruu a emu dɔ no nkyerɛ sɛ ɛpete nso, nanso sunsuma a emu yɛ hare no da adi.

Twa

Benitoite a ɛntaa nsi no ma ɛyɛ anifere sɛ wɔbɛpaw nea wɔatwitwa no afã horow, efisɛ ɛsɛ sɛ lapidarist (abohene a otwa) no paw nea ɛyɛ fɛ sen biara anaasɛ nea ɛnsɛe koraa. Dodow no ara paw nea etwa to no, na wɔde nneɛma pii sie aboɔden abo a etwa to no mu sɛnea wobetumi bere a wosiesie wɔn ho ma symmetry a ɛnyɛ pɛ no.

Ɛsɛ sɛ lapidarists twa benitoite bruu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛfata so na ama wɔada pleochroism no adi yiye. Benitoite aboɔden abo dodow no ara yɛ ovals, kurukuruwa, anaasɛ nsakrae a wɔayɛ wɔ emu biara mu.

Ɛda adi pefee

Clarity kyerɛkyerɛ aboɔden abo bi a ɛka ho anaasɛ (sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a) nea enni mu. Benitoite is Type II on the colored gemstone clarity grade , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛtaa wɔ nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wotumi hu nanso benitoites a ɛkorɔn nni bi. Wɔfrɛ saa abo a ɛyɛ fɛ yi sɛ “ɛma aniwa ho tew” na ɛhyɛ sɛ wɔmfa nneɛma bo nkɔ soro.

Nneɛma a ɛtaa ka ho anaa nkekae a ɛwɔ benitoite mu ne pyroxene, amphibole, ne abubuw. Eyinom betumi ayɛ nsusuwii ahorow wɔ benitoite mu te sɛ nnade ne nsateaa nkyerɛwee (baabi a ɛsan yɛɛ ahwehwɛ wɔ abubuw so).

Carat Mu duru

Benito a wotu no ama benitoite rough bɛyɛ 5,000 cts wɔ n’abakɔsɛm mu, bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 50 wɔ mfe 60 a edi kan no mu. Benitoite a ɛsõ sen biara a wonim a wɔasan anya no yɛ 7.8 cts pɛ.

Benitoite dodow no ara nni ct 1 ase, na kakraa bi pɛ na ɛboro cts 2. Enti, benitoite bo a wɔbɔ wɔ carat biara mu no kɔ soro kɛse wɔ carat mu duru mu.

Ayaresa ahorow

Ɔhyew a wɔde sa yare no betumi adan benitoite a ɛyɛ borɔdɔma a pink ne borɔdɔma dichroism wom, nanso abo no taa pae wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu. Enti, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ benitoite ho adwuma da.

Afei, yɛbɛka sɛnea benitoite a wɔannoa no yɛ no ho asɛm!

Benitoite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma

Abotan bɛn na wohu benitoite wɔ mu? Benitoite aboɔden abo taa pue a natrolite akata so. Saa benitoite ahwehwɛ a wɔakata so yi wɔ blueschist a wɔayɛ no foforo mu, a ɛwɔ serpentine mu. Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ Blueschist afã a “wɔasakra no” no nam ɔhyew ne nhyɛso mu nsakrae kɛse a ɛkɔɔ serpentine mu wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no so na ɛbae.

Wɔnnya nyɛɛ ɔkwan pɔtee a wɔfa so hyehyɛ Benitoite no, efisɛ barium ne titanium a ɛka bom no nyɛ nea ɛtaa ba.

Nyansahufo gye tom mpɛn pii sɛ magma ma nsu a aboɔden abo wom yɛ hyew wɔ asase ase, nsu no hyɛ abotan mu abon mu ma, afei ɛyɛ nwini nkakrankakra na ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ ma ɛbɛyɛ benitoite. Sɛ́ ebia barium ne titanium no fi serpentine, blueschist, anaa biribi foforo mu no mu nna hɔ.

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Ɛhe na wɔtaa hu benitoite? Sɛnea wunim no, benitoite a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo no fi San Benito Mantam, California, U.S.A. nkutoo. Mmeae afoforo a benitoite aboɔden abo wɔ nkutoo ne:

• Arkansas, U.S.A., na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Australia

• Czechia na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Japan

• Montana, U.S.A., na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Romania na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Russia

Asɛmmisa kɛse no ne sɛ: benitoite bo yɛ ahe wɔ carat biara mu?

Benitoite Bo & Ne Bo

Benitoite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no fi dɔla 1,500 kosi dɔla 8,000 wɔ carat biara mu. Dɛn nti na benitoite bo yɛ den saa? Nea ɛho yɛ na koraa ne agyapade pii a ɛyɛ nwonwa nyinaa boa ma benitoite bo yɛ den.

Mprempren, sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, benitoite a ɛwɔ afã horow a wɔtɔn no bo yɛ dɔla 3,000 wɔ carat biara mu. Nanso, benitoite aboɔden abo a ne kɛse yɛ carat 1 a wɔmfa biribiara nka ho no betumi ayɛ dɔla 6,500 kosi dɔla 8,000. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a, bo a wɔbɔ wɔ carat-weights nketewa ho yɛ $700 wɔ carat biara ho.

Medium blue na ɛsom bo sen biara, na saa aboɔden abo yi taa gye bɛyɛ $4,000 wɔ carat biara ho wɔ abo a ne kɛse yɛ 1-ct ho. Mpɛn pii no, aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ fitaa anaa violet-blue yɛ $2,000-$3,000 wɔ carat biara mu.

Aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye anaasɛ enni kɔla taa yɛ $1,500-$2,000 wɔ carat biara mu. Benitoite rough no fi $75-$400 wɔ carat biara mu.

Benitoite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Sɛ wunim sɛnea wobɛhwɛ aboɔden abo te sɛ benitoite a, ebetumi ahwɛ ahu sɛ sika a wode bɛto mu no bɛtra hɔ wo nkwa nna nyinaa. Benitoite hardness yɛ mfinimfini wɔ 6 kosi 6.5 wɔ Mohs mineral hardness scale , na ne mpaapaemu nyɛ papa, enti ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ den yiye.

Wubetumi de brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a wɔtaa de di dwuma, samina a ɛnyɛ den, ne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ahohoro benitoite ho dwoodwoo. Kwati sɛ wode steam anaa ultrasonic cleaners bɛhohoro abo a ɛka ho kɛse no ho.

So benitoite yɛ ade wɔ acid ho? Aboɔden abo no bɛyɛ n’ade bɔne nkutoo wɔ hydrofluoric acid ne fused sodium carbonate ho — acid a ɛyɛ mpapahwekwa rennya so nkɛntɛnso.

Benitoite Ahoɔfɛ no atwetwe wo?

Ɛho nhia sɛ woyɛ aboɔden abo a wɔboaboa ano anaa California kuromni ansa na woakyerɛ benitoite fɛ ho anisɔ — obiara a wasiesie ne ho sɛ ɔde ne sika bɛto aboɔden abo soronko a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛhyerɛn yi mu no betumi atwa mfaso no!

Kɔtɔ benitoite aboɔden abo a wɔtɔn nnɛ!

Benitoite