Andesite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Wɔde Di Dwuma
Andesite yɛ abotan a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ fitaa kosi tuntum a ɛwɔ nsensanee fitaa ne tuntum. Nsɔe no yɛ ahwehwɛ te sɛ feldspar ne quartz . Sɛ mprempren wugyina asase so, Asase asasepɔn no so a, ɔbotan a ɛkura wo mu no mu dodow no ara yɛ andesite abotan!
So andesite yɛ aboɔden abo? Egyina sɛnea wokyerɛkyerɛ aboɔden abo mu so . Andesite nyɛ aboɔden abo na mmom ɔbotan (a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo mmienu anaa nea ɛboro saa). Nanso, ɛnyɛ aboɔden abo nyinaa na ɛyɛ aboɔden abo. Esiane sɛ wobetumi de andesite adi dwuma wɔ agude ne nneɛma a wɔde siesie nneɛma mu nti, yɛkyekyɛ mu sɛ aboɔden abo.
Alright, yie so andesite yɛ ahwehwɛ? Dabi, andesite nyɛ ahwehwɛ, nanso ahwehwɛ wɔ mu! Nea ɛda nsow sen biara no mu biako ne andesine (anaasɛ andesine feldspar), aboɔden abo kɔkɔɔ, ahabammono, kɔkɔɔ, anaa kɔla a ɛsakra a wohuu wɔ afe 2003 mu.
Ɛnnɛ, wubesua nsɛm a wuhia nyinaa wɔ andesite aboɔden abo a wɔde di dwuma, ayaresa su, ne su, ne nea ɛkeka ho!
Dɛn Ne Andesite Ɔbo?
Andesite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi a ɛwɔ afã biara, nkyene ne ɛmo te sɛ nea ɛne atade biara hyia. Sɛ ahosiesie da nkyɛn a, dɛn na wɔde andesite di dwuma?
Adansifo taa de abo a wɔde andesite yɛ di dwuma de yɛ akwan so abotan, abɔnten so adan, ne keteke akwan. Sɛ woahu nnua a wɔde gyina keteke kwan ho a wɔfrɛ no keteke kwan ho nhama pɛn a, ebia na abo a ɛkura mu no yɛ andesite!
Asase ho animdefo ne nsoromma mu hwɛfo anya nhumu a ɛsom bo afi andesite abo mu. Nhwɛso biako bae wɔ afe 2009 mu, bere a nhwehwɛmufo a wɔwɔ Antarctica huu andesite meteorites nkutoo a wonim wɔ Asase so, na ɛmaa yɛn Owia Nhyehyɛe no ho ntease trɛwee.
Adanse foforo a ɛyɛ anigye a yebetumi ada andesite ase wɔ ho ne abusuabɔ a ɛda ne Mars ntam. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ afe 2011 mu daa no adi sɛ andesite betumi ayɛ Mars abon no fã, na ɛno bɛkyerɛ sɛ Mars wɔ ogya bepɔw dwumadi anaasɛ ɛwɔ hɔ.
Wɔ amansan no nipasu fã no, andesite yɛ nsoromma mu hwɛ bo ma Scorpio ne Aries. Esiane sɛ Mars na edi sɛnkyerɛnne abien no nyinaa so wɔ atetesɛm mu nti, ntease wom!
Afei, dɛn ne andesite su ahorow?
Andesite Abotan Su & Nkyerɛkyerɛmu
Andesite abotan yɛ ogya na ɛte sɛ basalt yiye, nanso ne kɔla yɛ mmerɛw, dade kakraa bi na ɛwɔ mu, na magnesium sua. Silica dodow a ɛwɔ andesite mu no wɔ rhyolite ne basalt ntam.
Sɛ wunim abotan a ogya wom ho asɛm a, ebia wubesusuw ho sɛ: so andesite hyɛn mu anaasɛ ɛtwetwe? Andesite yɛ ogya bepɔw mu ɔbotan a ɛtwetwe, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛba bere a magma a ɛyɛ hyew na ɛyɛ nsu adu Asase ani (wɔ ogya bepɔw no akyi) na ayɛ den akyi.
Nneɛma a ɛwɔ Andesite mu dodow no ara yɛ plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, ne hornblende. Sɛ́ ɔbotan a ɛwɔ ntam no, ɛyɛ silica ɔha biara mu nkyem 52-63. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, feldspar a ɛwɔ mu no yɛ plagioclase ɔha biara mu nkyem 65. Andesite aboɔden abo afoforo a abu so ne magnetite , quartz, sphene, biotite, ne olivine .
Andesite Nsɛm a Wɔahyehyɛ
Mineral crystals a ɛwɔ andesite mu no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ ne kɛse ne ne hwɛbea a egyina andesite no nwene so. Ɔbo no betumi ayɛ aphanitic (ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ fɛ a ɛyɛ nketenkete dodo sɛ wɔde aniwa betumi ahu), porphyritic, anaa vesicular.
Porphyritic andesite yɛ nea ɛyɛ fɛ nanso ahwehwɛ akɛse a wotumi hu a wɔfrɛ no phenocrysts nso wɔ ne nyinaa mu. Wɔsan frɛ andesite a ahwehwɛ nketenkete ne akɛse a wɔaka abom yi “andesite porphyry.” Nanso, sɛ aboɔden abo biako na ɛyɛ ɔbo no mu phenocryst dodow no ara, te sɛ garnet sɛ nhwɛso no a, ebia ɛbɛfa “garnet andesite” so.
Vesicular anaa amygdaloidal andesites a ɛntaa nsi no wɔ kotoku akɛse (vesicles) a aboɔden abo a ɛto so abien (a akyiri yi ɛnam wim tebea a ɛsakra so na ɛbae) te sɛ quartz, calcite , anaa chalcedony ahyɛ mu ma.
Wubetumi ahu andesite agyapade a wɔahyehyɛ wɔ ase ha:
Mohs a ɛyɛ den : 7
Kɔla : Ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ hare kosi tuntum, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ bruu anaa kɔkɔɔ; Ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ mu no taa yɛ tuntum, fitaa, anaa tan nanso ebetumi ayɛ kɔla afoforo ahorow
Crystal nhyehyɛe : Biara nni hɔ
Luster : Ɛyɛ nea wɔde resin ayɛ; Afã horow no betumi ayɛ vitreous (te sɛ ahwehwɛ) .
Nneɛma a ɛda adi pefee : Opaque
Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den : 2.4-2.8
Cleavage : Biara nni hɔ
Fracture : Biara nni hɔ
Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa
Afei, dɛn ne andesite abotan nketewa atitiriw?
Andesite Ahorow Ahorow
Andesite nyɛ ɔbotan kɛkɛ, na mmom abotan abusua. Andesite dodow no ara yɛ pyroxene andesites, a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ tuntum sen ahorow afoforo. Sɛ pyroxene andesites da nkyɛn a, andesite ahorow abiɛsa a ɛtaa ba ne:
Hypersthene Andesites : Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ bruu ne fitaa subtype a ɛwɔ hypersthene a ɛka ho titiriw , a ɛba wɔ masses a ɛyɛ tratraa mu wɔ ne nyinaa mu
Hornblende Andesites : Ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, pink a ɛyɛ hare, anaa fitaa a feldspar pii wom
Quartz Andesites (Dacites) : Abotan a ɛyɛ fitaa, bruu-akuturuku, anaa tuntum a silica pii wom a quartz ɔha biara mu nkyem 20 wom (ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na wɔkyekyɛ mu sɛ andesite subtype) .
Bere a wɔakata mineralogy no so no, momma yenhuruw nkɔ andesite bere a atwam ne metaphysical afã no mu!
Andesite Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm
Andesite yɛ kari pɛ, aman ntam nkitahodi, ne nkɔanim ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Ebetumi agyina hɔ ama pintinn ne adwene nso.
Germanni asase ho nimdefo ne tetefo nneɛma ho ɔbenfo Christian Leopold von Buch dii kan too din andesite wɔ 1826. Edin no fi beae a ɔbo no dɔɔso: Andes Mmepɔw a ɛwɔ Amerika Kesee Fam no.
Andesite ho nhwɛso biako a agye din wɔ nnɛyi abakɔsɛm mu ne Ica abo a akyinnyegye wom no.
Mfonini no: Brattarb na ɔkyerɛwee - Ɔno ankasa adwuma, CC BY-SA 3.0
Andesite Ica Aboɔ Nsisi
Ica abo no yɛ Perufo andesite abotan a wɔasen a wɔaboaboa ano a wohu wɔ Ica Mantam mu, a kan no na wogye di sɛ ɛyɛ tete nneɛma.
Peru oduruyɛfo bi a wɔfrɛ no Javier Cabrera Darguea fii ase boaboaa abo no ano wɔ 1960 mfe no mu. Darguea nyaa Ica abo bɛyɛ 300 fii anuanom Carlos ne Pablo Soldi hɔ ne mpempem pii fii okuafo bi a wɔfrɛ no Basilio Uschuya hɔ.
Ná ɔbo no ahoni no bi yɛ mmerɛw, te sɛ mpataa ne nhwiren. Ná mfonini afoforo a wɔasen no yɛ dinosaur ne nnipa a wɔbom tra, mfiridwuma mu nneɛma a ɛkɔ anim, ne nnɛyi nnuruyɛ ho mfonini ahorow a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Nneɛma pii a wɔayɛ no ne tete Incafo , Paracas, Tiwanaku, ne Nazcafo amammerɛ mu adwinni kwan no hyia.
Sɛ yɛka ne nyinaa bom a, na wosusuw sɛ abo no yɛ nnɛyi nimdeɛ anaa nneyɛe a wɔnyɛɛ ho mfonini da wɔ adwinni mu fi tete mmere mu da no ho adanse. Darguea suaa Ica abo no ho ade mfe aduanan, na awiei koraa no otintim nsusuwii ahorow a ɛfa adesamma adi mfe ɔpepem pii anaasɛ ahɔho na wɔbɔɔ wɔn ho.
Nanso, wɔ 1970 mfe no nyinaa mu no, Uschuya kaa nsɛm pii faa abo no nokware ho. Odii kan kae sɛ ɛyɛ atoro, afei akyiri yi ɔpow saa asɛm yi, nanso awiei koraa no osii wɔn atoro gyinabea so dua wɔ 1977 mu denam sɛnea ɔbɔɔ wɔn a ɔkyerɛe no so.
Bere a ebia abo no nyɛ tete nneɛma ankasa no, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ wɔn asɛm a ɛkyinkyim no nyaa nkɛntɛnso kosii afeha a ɛto so 20 awiei. Atirisopam ho animdefo binom da so ara twe adwene si abo no so sɛ adanse a ɛkyerɛ sɛ tete ahɔho anaa tete anansesɛm yɛ nokware.
Nanso, sɛ wode tete adwinni a ɛne ahwehwɛ ayaresa di dwuma a, ebia wubesusuw tumi ahorow a andesite wɔ ho. Yɛbɛka akyerɛ wo!
Mfonini no: Stanislav Doronenko na ɔkyerɛwee - Ɔno ankasa adwuma, CC BY 3.0
Andesite Ayaresa Nneɛma
Andesite, te sɛ aboɔden abo nyinaa, tumi yɛ adwuma sɛ ɔbo a ɛsa yare ma atirimpɔw ahorow. Andesite ne aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ fitaa , tumi ma ɛkari pɛ, ɛyɛ fam, na ɛma wotumi hu nneɛma yiye. Bio nso, aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ fitaa te sɛ andesite yɛ chakra abo akɛse ma ntini chakra.
Na tumi a andesite wɔ ma nipadua ne nkate fam ayaresa nso ɛ?
Nipadua mu Ayaresa
Wɔkyerɛ sɛ Andesite boa ma wɔbɔ nnipa a wɔtaa nya akwanhyia ho ban fi opira ho. Woapira dedaw? Ɔbo no nso betumi ama wo ho atɔ wo ntɛmntɛm.
Crystal ayaresafo de andesite sa ntini ne nnompe mu yare. Nnipa pii nso gye di sɛ ɔbo no betumi aboa wɔn a wɔyare no ma wɔahu asɛm anaa yare a ɛde wɔn sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow ba no.
Nkate mu Ayaresa
Woanya mmirikatu ho adwene a wopɛ sɛ ɛbɛbrɛ ase kɛkɛ pɛn? Anaasɛ dadwen rumination a ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛto mu? Wogye di sɛ abo a wɔfrɛ no porphyritic andesite boa ma adwene a enni ahomegye no dwo.
Mfaso afoforo a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛwɔ andesite so ne ɔpɛ a eye, nea ɛkanyan no kɛse, ne adwene a emu da hɔ kɛse.
Andesite Aboɔden Aboɔ Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ
Andesite su ne ne bo nyɛ graded sɛnea aboɔden abo afoforo te. Sɛ yɛka ne nyinaa bom a, porphyry andesite taa nya bo a ɛkorɔn sen aphanitic andesite, nanso ɛnyɛ pii.
Nanso, ebia ne kɔla ne sɛnea wɔatwitwa andesite no benya bo a ɛsom no so nkɛntɛnso.
Ahosuo
Asase ho animdefo kyekyɛ abotan a ogya wom te sɛ andesite mu yɛ no kɔla ahorow anan: mafic, ultramafic, felsic, ne intermediate. Sɛ́ ɔbo a ɛwɔ ntam no, andesite kɔla yɛ mfinimfini kosi tuntum na ɛtaa yɛ fitaa. Ɛwɔ minerals a ɛyɛ tuntum ɔha biara mu nkyem 15-40. Nea aka a ɛwom no yɛ aboɔden abo a ne kɔla yɛ hann.
Phenocrysts a ɛtaa ba no yɛ plagioclase feldspar a ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ fitaa kosi fitaa ne abo tuntum te sɛ biotite anaa hornblende. Aboɔden abo afoforo betumi ama ayɛ kɔkɔɔ, tan, anaa bruu-akuturuku.
Twa
Andesite yɛ anifere sɛ wobɛtwa. Bere a ɛyɛ den na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ no, ɛyɛ nea ɛwɔ abon nso sen abotan afoforo. Mpɛn pii no, na wɔn a wotwitwa aboɔden abo no de daimond saw agyan a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a wɔakyekyɛ mu na ehu ɔbo no.
Andesite aboɔden abo dodow no ara yɛ aboɔden abo, nhwiren, cabochons , asinasin a wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ a ɛyɛ freeform, anaa abo a wɔahwe ase. Andesite agude dodow no ara wɔ nhwiren anaa cabochons, ɛwom sɛ pendants binom wɔ nsusuwii soronko a wɔasen anaa abantenten de. Ebia wubehu mpo sɛ wɔde vial pendants kura andesite a wɔannoa no asinasin nketenkete.
Sɛ yɛreka nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ho asɛm a, ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ andesite?
Mfonini no: Mfoninitwafoɔ: Siim Sepp, 2005 - Ɔno ankasa adwuma, CC BY-SA 3.0
Andesite Formation & Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Andesite a ɛba no ba wɔ ogya mmepɔw ho. Etumi nam nneɛma kakraa bi so na ɛba, na ne nyinaa fa magma ho. Nanso, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ adeyɛ a ɛkɔ so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so no yɛ ade koro.
Nea edi kan no, magma a ɛyɛ hyew na ɛyɛ nsu pae na ɛkɔ fam wɔ ogya bepɔw no akyi. Ɛdwo ntɛmntɛm, na ɛma ɛyɛ nea ɛyɛ fɛ. Sɛ mineral nneɛma a ɛfata wɔ magma no mu a, phenocryst akɛse no bɛyɛ ahwehwɛ wɔ solidifying mass no mu.
Bere a ɔbotan no ayɛ den akyi no, ebia nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no bɛsɛe no. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, saa wim tebea a ɛsakra yi betumi asakra sɛnea nneɛma bi a ɛwɔ ɔbo no mu no yɛ adwuma, na ɛde aboɔden abo a ɛto so abien aba.
Andesite dodow no ara wɔ asasepɔn no so (Asase a ɛwɔ soro a ɛka bom yɛ yɛn nsasepɔn no) ne subduction zones. Subduction zones, te sɛ Andes Mmepɔw no, yɛ mmeae a tectonic mprɛte hyia, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ mprɛte biako kɔ foforo ase na ɛkɔ fam kɔ mantle a ɛyɛ hyew no mu.
Beae foforo a andesite ahyɛ mu ma ne nsupɔw so arcs, baabi a ogya mmepɔw yɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn wɔ mmeae a asasewosow pii sisi no. Supɔw no arc biako a agye din ne Ring of Fire a ɛne Pacific Po no fã kɛse no ara hye.
Wɔ ɔman no mu no, ɛhe na wohu andesite?
Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo
Ebia woasusuw dedaw sɛ andesite dodow no ara fi Andes Mmepɔw so. Mmepɔw foforo a andesite abu so ne Cordillera mmepɔw a ɛwɔ Amerika Atifi fam ne Amerika Mfinimfini fam nyinaa.
New Zealand de mmeae pii a andesite wɔ hoahoa ne ho, te sɛ Great Barrier Islands, Coromandel Peninsula, ne Raglan-Kawhia mpɔtam hɔ.
Ogya mmepɔw a ɛyɛ nnam a andesite bɛn hɔ no bi ne:
Banai-san ne Bepɔw Fuji a ɛwɔ Japan no
Krakatoa a ɛwɔ Indonesia no
Montagne Pelée ne Soufrière Ɔhotefo Vincent a ɛwɔ Caribbean
Bepɔw Adams, Bepɔw Hood, ne Bepɔw Shasta a ɛwɔ USA
Bepɔw Ngauruhoe a ɛwɔ New Zealand
Popocatépetl a ɛwɔ Mexico no
Andesite aboɔden abo bɛbɔ wo ka ahe? Ɛno na edi hɔ!
Andesite Aboɔden abo Bo & Ne Bo
Andesite yɛ aboɔden abo a ne bo yɛ den a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Mpɛn pii no, 1-kg (2.2-lb) rough specimen yɛ $10-$30 pɛ. Saa bere yi nyinaa, wubetumi anya andesite a ɛyɛ den a ne kɛse yɛ 1” kosi 2” a ɛyɛ 3-packs a ne nyinaa yɛ $10 pɛ!
Cabochons ne mmɛw abo bo bɛyɛ dɔla 10-15, ɛwom sɛ ebia nsusuwso a ɛyɛ nwonwa bɛma ne bo akɔ soro de. Andesite pendants dodow no ara yɛ bɛyɛ $15, nanso efi $1-$40. Pendants a ne bo yɛ den betumi ayɛ porphyry andesite anaasɛ ɛwɔ nneɛma afoforo a wɔde yɛ adwini te sɛ waya a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho. Mpɛn pii no, bead nhama bo bɛyɛ $15-$20.
Andesite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei
Andesite yɛ ɔbo a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ, enti aboɔden abo a wɔhwɛ so wɔ ha no nyɛ den dodo. Sɛ wobɛhohoro andesite ho a, sɛ wode nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a samina wom hohoro ɔbo no na wode microfiber ntama ma ɛyow kɛkɛ a, ɛbɛyɛ adwuma no.
Sɛ wopɛ andesite a ɛyɛ den a ehia adwuma pii a, wubetumi de ahyɛ samina nsu mu da koro, afei wode brɔs a wɔde sew sẽ apopa efĩ a ayɛ mmerɛw no. Wubetumi nso de aduru a wɔde sew sẽ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse (sɛ nhwɛso no, nea soda wom) agu so de ayi nneɛma a asɛe afi mmeae a ɛyɛ anifere no.
Fa andesite abo sie akyirikyiri fi aboɔden abo ne abotan afoforo ho na amma ansɛe anaasɛ ansɛe. Wubetumi mpo de ahyɛ n’ankasa ahwehwɛ kotoku mu de akyerɛ!
Ma Wo Honhom no Npae Andesite!
Ebia ɛnyɛ nea Andesite abotan nyɛ nea wudi kan susuw ho ma aboɔden abo, nanso ɛno yɛ wɔn fɛ no fã. Ne nyinaa akyi no, nnipa baahe na wunim a wobetumi aka sɛ wɔhyɛ biribi a kan no na ɛyɛ lava?
Sɛ yɛde mfiase to nkyɛn a, andesite aboɔden abo yɛ ade a wɔde boa ma ɛne biribiara ne biribiara hyia, ne nea ɛde fam ne kari pɛ a wuhia na ama woanya nkɔso no ba!
搜尋Gemstone Encyclopedia
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How To's is where you will find helpful articles from gem Rock Auctions on how to cut gemstones, select gemstones and buy gemstones.
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